黔西土城向斜构造煤发育模式及构造控制
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摘要
构造复杂区构造煤发育及其分布规律是煤层气勘探与甜点区评价的重要研究内容之一。在野外构造系统观测和矿井构造特征分析的基础上,结合矿井井下煤体结构观测与构造煤发育特征分析,探讨了黔西土城向斜的构造特征及其对构造煤发育的控制机理。研究表明:土城NW向弧形断褶带具有"弧形断褶组合,基底断裂控制,局部变形强烈,变形衰减迅速"的构造变形特征,而土城向斜为一NW向延伸的短轴开阔斜歪向斜,向斜内部构造分异显著,可以进一步划分为NE翼单斜弱变形区、SW翼陡立强变形区和NW部构造复杂区;依据构造煤发育及其分布对构造的响应特征,提出了土城向斜构造煤发育的10种地质模式,并进一步将其归纳为褶皱成因型和断裂成因型两大类型,其中褶皱成因型构造煤发育普遍、类型较为单一,是煤体结构垂向分异的主导因素;断裂成因型构造煤分布较为局限,但常发育强变形构造煤、且构造煤变形序列相对较为完整。
The development and distribution law of tectonically deformed coal( TDC) is one of the important research contents in the exploration and sweet spot prediction of coalbed methane in structural-complicated area.The structural feature and its control mechanism of the TDC development in Tucheng syncline were discussed based on the analysis of the field and underground geological surveys,deformation and development characteristics of TDC. The results show that the deformation characteristics of the Tucheng NW-trending arc fault-fold belt are characterized by ‘fault-fold arc combination pattern,basement fault control,local intense deformation and rapid deformation attenuation '. The NW-trending Tucheng branchy open inclined syncline,with apparent internal structural differentiation,can be further divided into NE gently limb weak deformation zone,SW steeply limb intense deformation zone and NW complex structural hinge zone.According to the characteristics of TDC development and its response to the structural deformation,10 geological models of the TDC development in Tucheng syncline were proposed.These 10 geological models can be classified into fold-related and fault-related TDC types. The widely developed fold-related TDCs,with relatively singular TDC types,are the dominant factor of vertical differentiation of coal structure.The locally developed fault-related TDCsare generally intensely deformed and the deformation sequence is relatively complete.
The development and distribution law of tectonically deformed coal( TDC) is one of the important research contents in the exploration and sweet spot prediction of coalbed methane in structural-complicated area.The structural feature and its control mechanism of the TDC development in Tucheng syncline were discussed based on the analysis of the field and underground geological surveys,deformation and development characteristics of TDC. The results show that the deformation characteristics of the Tucheng NW-trending arc fault-fold belt are characterized by ‘fault-fold arc combination pattern,basement fault control,local intense deformation and rapid deformation attenuation '. The NW-trending Tucheng branchy open inclined syncline,with apparent internal structural differentiation,can be further divided into NE gently limb weak deformation zone,SW steeply limb intense deformation zone and NW complex structural hinge zone.According to the characteristics of TDC development and its response to the structural deformation,10 geological models of the TDC development in Tucheng syncline were proposed.These 10 geological models can be classified into fold-related and fault-related TDC types. The widely developed fold-related TDCs,with relatively singular TDC types,are the dominant factor of vertical differentiation of coal structure.The locally developed fault-related TDCsare generally intensely deformed and the deformation sequence is relatively complete.
引文
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[14]窦新钊,姜波,秦勇,等.黔西盘县地区煤层气成藏的构造控制[J].高校地质学报,2012,18(3):447-452.DOU Xinzhao,JIANG Bo,QIN Yong,et al.Tectonic control of coalbed methane reservoirs in panxian,western guizhou[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2012,18(3):447-452.
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[2]赵霞,桑树勋,金军,等.黔西松河井田煤层群含气性及其开发意义[J].中国煤层气,2016,13(5):8-11.ZHAO Xia,SANG Shuxun,JIN Jun,et al.Gas-bearing properties and development significance of coal measures in Songhe mine field of west Guizhou[J].China Coalbed Methane,2016,13(5):8-11.
[3]金军.黔西松河井田松参1井煤储层物性垂向分布特征[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(2):27-32.JIN Jun.Vertical distribution features of coal reservoir physical property in Songcan No.1 Well of Songhe Mine Field,West Guizhou[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(2):27-32.
[4]秦勇,申建,沈玉林.叠置含气系统共采兼容性——煤系“三气”及深部煤层气开采中的共性地质问题[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(1):14-23.QIN Yong,SHEN Jian,SHEN Yulin.Joint mining compatibility of superposed gas-bearing systems:A general geological problem for extraction of three natural gases and deep CBM in coal series[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(1):14-23.
[5]易同生,周效志,金军.黔西松河井田龙潭煤系煤层气-致密气成藏特征及共探共采技术[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(1):212-220.YI Tongsheng,ZHOU Xiaozhi,JIN Jun.Reservoir forming characteristics and co-exploration and concurrent production technology of Longtan coal measure coalbed methane&tight gas in Songhe field,western Guizhou[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(1):212-220.
[6]LI Ming,JIANG Bo,LIN Shoufa,et al.Structural controls on coalbed methane reservoirs in Faer coal mine,Southwest China[J].Journal of Earth Science,2013,24(3):437-448.
[7]王钟堂.黔西煤田构造及其演化[J].中国煤田地质,1990,2(3):13-17.WANG Zhongtang.Structure and its evolution of coalfield in western Guizhou[J].Coal Geology of China,1990,2(3):13-17.
[8]李明,姜波,兰凤娟,等.黔西—滇东地区不同变形程度煤的孔隙结构及其构造控制效应[J].高校地质学报,2012,18(3):533-538.LI Ming,JIANG Bo,LAN Fengjuan,et al.Pore structures and structural control of coals with different degrees of deformation from western Guizhou and eastern Yunnan[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2012,18(3):533-538.
[9]JU Yiwen,LUXBACHER Kray,LI Xiaoshi,et al.Micro-structural evolution and their effects on physical properties in different types of tectonically deformed coals[J].International Journal of Coal Science&Technology,2014,1(3):264-275.
[10]贾天让,王蔚,闫江伟,等.贵州省煤矿瓦斯赋存构造控制规律与分带划分[J].地学前缘,2014,21(6):281-288.JIA Tianrang,WANG wei,YAN Jiangwei,et al.The rule of tectonic control and the zoning division of coalmine gas occurrence in Guizhou Province[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2014,21(6):281-288.
[11]ZHANG Xiaodong,DU Zhigang,LI Pengpeng.Physical characteristics of high-rank coal reservoirs in different coal-body structures and the mechanism of coalbed methane production[J].Science China Earth Sciences,2017,60(2):246-255.
[12]陈学敏.黔西盘关向斜构造特征及其力学分析[J].中国煤炭地质,2008,20(4):11-16.CHEN Xuemin.Western Guizhou Panguan syncline structural features and its mechanic analysis[J].Coal Geology of China,2008,20(4):11-16.
[13]李明,姜波,林寿发,等.黔西发耳矿区构造演化及煤层变形响应[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(10):1668-1673.LI Ming,JIANG Bo,LIN Shoufa,et al.Response of coal seam deformation to structural evolution in Faer coal mining area,western Guizhou[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(10):1668-1673.
[14]窦新钊,姜波,秦勇,等.黔西盘县地区煤层气成藏的构造控制[J].高校地质学报,2012,18(3):447-452.DOU Xinzhao,JIANG Bo,QIN Yong,et al.Tectonic control of coalbed methane reservoirs in panxian,western guizhou[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2012,18(3):447-452.
[15]李明,姜波,秦勇,等.构造煤中矿物质对孔隙结构的影响研究[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(3):726-731.LI Ming,JIANG Bo,QIN Yong,et al.Analysis of mineral effect on coal pore structure of tectonically deformed coal[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(3):726-731.
[16]王恩营,易伟欣,李云波.华北板块构造煤分布及成因机制[M].北京:科学出版社,2015.