次同步扰动下并网电压源换流器电气量的频率分布及其幅值特性
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摘要
针对并网电压源换流器在次同步电压扰动下输出多频率分量的现象,采用动态响应分析法和二阶近似,推导并分析了相应的输出电气量近似解的频率分布特性及其幅值大小。具体地,在次同步电压扰动下,保留二阶扰动量,逐步分析推导了锁相环、电流控制部分电气量的多频率分布及其幅值特性,得到了各频率分量幅值的近似计算公式;进一步地,分析了所提方法和传统小信号分析方法的区别和联系。通过仿真结果表明,次同步扰动下电压源换流器并网端口会出现互补的次/超同步分量,并伴有幅值较小的多频率分量产生,且其与次同步扰动频率互补的电压分量幅值与积分参数有关,与其他控制参数基本无关。仿真结果与理论推导结果基本一致。
In view of the case that multi-frequency components exists in the voltage response of the converter under subsynchronous voltage disturbances,the characteristics of the frequency distribution and the magnitude in the response are theoretically derived based on the method of the dynamic response analysis with two-order approximation.More specifically,with the two-order perturbation,the frequency distribution and amplitude characteristics of the response for PLL(Phase-Locked Loop) and current inner-loop controller under the subsynchronous voltage disturbance are firstly derived. Subsequently,the difference and similarity of the proposed method with respect to the traditional small signal analysis are discussed. Simulative results indicate that,under the subsynchronous voltage disturbance,the voltage response of the converter at the terminal of PCC(Point of Common Coupling) that is connected to the external power grid includes not only a pair of complementary sub/supersynchronous frequency components,but also a series of complementary small amplitude frequency components. Besides,the amplitude of the largest complementary sub/supersynchronous frequency components is directly related to integral parameters,while is insensitive to other parameters. Simulative results generally coincide with theoretical results.
In view of the case that multi-frequency components exists in the voltage response of the converter under subsynchronous voltage disturbances,the characteristics of the frequency distribution and the magnitude in the response are theoretically derived based on the method of the dynamic response analysis with two-order approximation.More specifically,with the two-order perturbation,the frequency distribution and amplitude characteristics of the response for PLL(Phase-Locked Loop) and current inner-loop controller under the subsynchronous voltage disturbance are firstly derived. Subsequently,the difference and similarity of the proposed method with respect to the traditional small signal analysis are discussed. Simulative results indicate that,under the subsynchronous voltage disturbance,the voltage response of the converter at the terminal of PCC(Point of Common Coupling) that is connected to the external power grid includes not only a pair of complementary sub/supersynchronous frequency components,but also a series of complementary small amplitude frequency components. Besides,the amplitude of the largest complementary sub/supersynchronous frequency components is directly related to integral parameters,while is insensitive to other parameters. Simulative results generally coincide with theoretical results.
引文
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[15]刘华坤,谢小荣,何国庆,等.新能源发电并网系统的同步参考坐标系阻抗模型及其稳定性判别方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(14):4002-4007,4278.LIU Huakun,XIE Xiaorong,HE Guoqing,et al. Synchronous reference coordinate system impedance model and its stability discrimination method for new energy generation grid connected system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(14):4002-4007,4278.
[16]宋瑞华,郭剑波,李柏青,等.基于输入导纳的直驱风电次同步振荡机理与特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(16):4662-4670,4891.SONG Ruihua,GUO Jianbo,LI Baiqing,et al. The permanent magnet synchoronous generators to minor synchronization oscillation mechanism and characteristic analysis based on input admittance[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(16):4662-4670,4891.
[17]吕敬,董鹏,施刚,等.大型双馈风电场经MMC-HVDC并网的次同步振荡及其抑制[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(19):4852-4860.LJing,DONG Peng,SHI Gang,et al. Subsynchronous oscillation and its mitigation of MMC-based HVDC with large doubly-fed induction generator-based wind farm integration[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(19):4852-4860.
[18]李景一,毕天姝,于钊,等.直驱风机变流控制系统对次同步频率分量响应的机理研究[J].电网技术,2017,41(6):1734-1740.LI Jingyi,BI Tianshu,YU Zhao,et al. Study on response characteristics of grid converter control system of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators(PMSG)to subsynchronous frequency component[J]. Power System Technology,2017,41(6):1734-1740.
[19]薛安成,吴雨,王子哲,等.次同步扰动下的双馈风机系统多频率响应分析[J].电网技术,2018,42(6):1804-1810.XUE Ancheng,WU Yu,WANG Zizhe,et al. Analysis of frequency response of DFIG system under subsynchronous disturbance[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(6):1804-1810.
[20]许斌,张志强,李程昊,等.应用于双馈风力发电机的LCL型滤波器[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(5):44-50.XU Bin,ZHANG Zhiqiang,LI Chenghao,et al. LCL filters applied in doubly fed induction generator[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(5):44-50.
[2]余涛,史军.基于FFT和小波变换的交直流并联输电系统间谐波研究[J].电力自动化设备,2008,28(6):44-48.YU Tao,SHI Jun. Study of interharmonic in AC/DC parallel transmission system based on FFT and wavelet transform[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2008,28(6):44-48.
[3]薛安成,耿继瑜,刘瑞煌,等.限幅环节对DFIG故障中输出特性的影响研究[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(10):29-33,56.XUE Ancheng,GENG Jiyu,LIU Ruihuang,et al. Impact of limiter on output characteristics of DFIG during fault[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(10):29-33,56.
[4]吴汪平,楚皓翔,解大,等. PI控制器参数对并网永磁直驱型风力发电系统机网相互作用的影响[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(10):21-28.WU Wangping,CHU Haoxiang,XIE Da,et al. Influence of PI controllers'parameters on machine-network interaction of grid-connected PMSG system[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(10):21-28.
[5]迟永宁,田新首,汤海雁,等.双馈风电机组与静止无功发生器交互作用原理及系统振荡特性研究[J].电网技术,2017,41(2):486-492.CHI Yongning,TIAN Xinshou,TANG Haiyan,et al. Research on principle and system oscillation characteristics of doubly fed wind turbine linked to reactive power regulator[J]. Power System Technology,2017,41(2):486-492.
[6]高澈,牛东晓,罗超,等.双馈风电场单机与多机等值模型对次同步振荡特性影响的对比[J].电力自动化设备,2018,38(8):152-157.GAO Che,NIU Dongxiao,LUO Chao,et al. Comparison of impact on sub-synchronous oscillation characteristics between single-and multi-generator equivalent model in DFIG wind farm[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2018,38(8):152-157.
[7]高本锋,李忍,杨大业,等.双馈风电机组次同步振荡阻尼特性与抑制策略[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(12):11-20.GAO Benfen,LI Ren,YANG Daye,et al. Dampling characteristics and countermeasure of DFIG sub-synchronous oscilation[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(12):11-20.
[8]SUN J. Small-signal methods for AC distributed power systems:a review[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2009,24(11):2545-2554.
[9]CESPEDES M,SUN J. Impedance modeling and analysis of gridconnected voltage-source converters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2014,29(3):1254-1261.
[10]年珩,杨洪雨.不平衡运行工况下并网逆变器的阻抗建模及稳定性分析[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(10):76-83.NIAN Heng,YANG Hongyu. Impedance modeling and stability analysis of grid-connected inverters under unbalanced operation conditions[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(10):76-83.
[11]张冲,王伟胜,何国庆,等.基于序阻抗的直驱风电场次同步振荡分析与锁相环参数优化设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(23):6757-6767.ZHANG Chong,WANG Weisheng,HE Guoqing,et al. Analysis of permanent magnet synchronous generators electric field minor synchronization oscillation and parameter optimization design of phase locked loop based on sequence impedance[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(23):6757-6767.
[12]LIU Z,LIU J,BAO W,et al. Infinity-norm of impedance-based stability criterion for three-phase AC distributed power systems with constant power loads[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,30(6):3030-3043.
[13]ALAWASA K M,MOHAMED A R I,XU W. Modeling analysis and suppression of the impact of full-scale wind-power converters on subsynchronous damping[J]. IEEE Systems Journal,2013,7(4):700-712.
[14]WEN B,BOROYEVICH D,BURGOS R,et al. Analysis of D-Q smallsignal impedance of grid-tied inverters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2016,31(1):675-687.
[15]刘华坤,谢小荣,何国庆,等.新能源发电并网系统的同步参考坐标系阻抗模型及其稳定性判别方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(14):4002-4007,4278.LIU Huakun,XIE Xiaorong,HE Guoqing,et al. Synchronous reference coordinate system impedance model and its stability discrimination method for new energy generation grid connected system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(14):4002-4007,4278.
[16]宋瑞华,郭剑波,李柏青,等.基于输入导纳的直驱风电次同步振荡机理与特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(16):4662-4670,4891.SONG Ruihua,GUO Jianbo,LI Baiqing,et al. The permanent magnet synchoronous generators to minor synchronization oscillation mechanism and characteristic analysis based on input admittance[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(16):4662-4670,4891.
[17]吕敬,董鹏,施刚,等.大型双馈风电场经MMC-HVDC并网的次同步振荡及其抑制[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(19):4852-4860.LJing,DONG Peng,SHI Gang,et al. Subsynchronous oscillation and its mitigation of MMC-based HVDC with large doubly-fed induction generator-based wind farm integration[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(19):4852-4860.
[18]李景一,毕天姝,于钊,等.直驱风机变流控制系统对次同步频率分量响应的机理研究[J].电网技术,2017,41(6):1734-1740.LI Jingyi,BI Tianshu,YU Zhao,et al. Study on response characteristics of grid converter control system of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators(PMSG)to subsynchronous frequency component[J]. Power System Technology,2017,41(6):1734-1740.
[19]薛安成,吴雨,王子哲,等.次同步扰动下的双馈风机系统多频率响应分析[J].电网技术,2018,42(6):1804-1810.XUE Ancheng,WU Yu,WANG Zizhe,et al. Analysis of frequency response of DFIG system under subsynchronous disturbance[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(6):1804-1810.
[20]许斌,张志强,李程昊,等.应用于双馈风力发电机的LCL型滤波器[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(5):44-50.XU Bin,ZHANG Zhiqiang,LI Chenghao,et al. LCL filters applied in doubly fed induction generator[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(5):44-50.