天然水体中多壁纳米碳管对纳米氧化锌颗粒团聚与沉降行为的影响
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摘要
研究了淡水湖泊水体中氧化多壁纳米碳管(Oxidized-multiwalled carbon nanotubes,o-MWCNTs)对纳米氧化锌(ZnO nanoparticles,nZnO)颗粒团聚与沉降行为的影响,探讨了天然胶体及o-MWCNTs的浓度对nZnO颗粒团聚粒径、团聚速率及沉降行为的作用.结果表明,nZnO在天然水体中会发生明显沉降,相比去除天然胶体的天然水而言,天然胶体的存在显著减少了nZnO的沉降.这主要归因于nZnO-天然胶体颗粒间的作用能垒高于nZnO-nZnO颗粒间的作用能垒,使得天然胶体的存在降低了nZnO-nZnO之间的颗粒碰撞效率,从而促进nZnO悬浮.o-MWCNTs对nZnO在天然水体中沉降行为的影响与天然胶体密切相关.相比于nZnO的单独沉降,在不过膜天然水中(含天然胶体),低浓度o-MWCNTs的存在增加了颗粒间的团聚速率,从而促进nZnO的沉降,而高浓度o-MWCNTs降低了颗粒间的团聚速率和团聚体粒径,从而降低了nZnO的沉降.而在过膜天然水中(不含天然胶体),o-MWCNTs的存在显著降低了颗粒间的团聚粒径和团聚速率,从而降低了nZnO的沉降,且o-MWCNTs的浓度越高,对nZnO悬浮稳定性的促进作用越明显.
This study investigated the influence of oxidized-multiwalled carbon nanotubes( o-MWCNTs) on the aggregation and sedimentation behaviors of ZnO nanoparticles in lake water,and particularly explored the effect of natural colloids and the concentration of o-MWCNTs on the size,rates of nZnO aggregation and its sedimentation behavior. The results show that the nZnO settled obviously in the natural water and the presence of natural colloidal significantly reduced the sedimentation of nZnO comparing to that in the filtered natural water without natural colloid.The interaction energy barrier between nZnO and natural colloids was higher than that between nZnO particles. The existence of natural colloidal particles could reduce the collision efficiency between nZnO particles,thus promoting nZnO suspension. The influences of natural colloids and o-MWCNTs on nZnO sedimentation behavior in natural water are closely related. In the natural water with colloids,compared to the nZnO individual sedimentation process,low concentration of o-MWCNTs increased the aggregation rate between the particles,so as to promote the sedimentation of nZnO. While high concentration of o-MWCNTs decreased aggregation rate and size between the particles,which reduced the nZnO sedimentation. In the filtered natural water,the addition of o-MWCNTs significantly reduced the aggregation rate and size between the particles, which reduced the nZnO sedimentation. The higher the o-MWCNTs concentration,the more significant stalbe of nZnO in suspension.
This study investigated the influence of oxidized-multiwalled carbon nanotubes( o-MWCNTs) on the aggregation and sedimentation behaviors of ZnO nanoparticles in lake water,and particularly explored the effect of natural colloids and the concentration of o-MWCNTs on the size,rates of nZnO aggregation and its sedimentation behavior. The results show that the nZnO settled obviously in the natural water and the presence of natural colloidal significantly reduced the sedimentation of nZnO comparing to that in the filtered natural water without natural colloid.The interaction energy barrier between nZnO and natural colloids was higher than that between nZnO particles. The existence of natural colloidal particles could reduce the collision efficiency between nZnO particles,thus promoting nZnO suspension. The influences of natural colloids and o-MWCNTs on nZnO sedimentation behavior in natural water are closely related. In the natural water with colloids,compared to the nZnO individual sedimentation process,low concentration of o-MWCNTs increased the aggregation rate between the particles,so as to promote the sedimentation of nZnO. While high concentration of o-MWCNTs decreased aggregation rate and size between the particles,which reduced the nZnO sedimentation. In the filtered natural water,the addition of o-MWCNTs significantly reduced the aggregation rate and size between the particles, which reduced the nZnO sedimentation. The higher the o-MWCNTs concentration,the more significant stalbe of nZnO in suspension.
引文
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Bai Y C,Wu F C,Lin D H,et al.2014.Aqueous stabilization of carbon nanotubes:effects of surface oxidization and solution chemistry[J]Environmental Science and Pollution Research,21(6):4358-4365
Ben-Moshe T,Dror I,Berkowitz B.2010.Transport of metal oxid nanoparticles in saturated porous media[J].Chemosphere,81(3):387-393
Bergstrom L.1997.Hamaker constants of inorganic materials[J].Advance in Colloid&Interface Science,70(1):125-169
陈光才,沈秀娥.2010.碳纳米管对污染物的吸附及其在土水环境中的迁移行为[J].环境化学,29(2):159-168
Datsyuk V,Kalyva M,Papagelis K,et al.2008.Chemical oxidation o multiwalled carbon nanotubes[J].Carbon,46(6):833-840
Derjaguin B,Landau L.1941.Theory of the stability of strongly charged lyophobic sols and of the adhesion of strongly charged particles in solutions of electrolytes[J].URSS Acta Physicochim,14:733-762
Dusak P,Mertelj A,Kralj S,et al.2015.Controlled heteroaggregation o two types of nanoparticles in an aqueous suspension[J].Journal o Colloid and Interface Science,438:235-243
Fang J,Shan X Q,Wen B,et al.2009.Stability of Titania nanoparticles in soil suspensions and transport in saturated homogeneous soil column[J].Environmental Pollution,157(4):1101-1109
Fatehah M O,Hamidi A A,Serge S.2014.Aggregation and disaggregation of Zn O nanoparticles:Influence of p H and adsorption of Suwanne River humic acid[J].Science of the Total Environment,468-469C:195-201
Ge Y G,Schimel J P,Holden P A.2011.Evidence for negative effects o Ti O2and Zn O nanoparticles on soil bacterial communities[J]Environmental Science&Technology,45(4):1659-1664
Gottschalk F,Sun T Y,Nowack B.2013.Environmental concentrations o engineered nanomaterials:review of modeling and analytical studie[J].Environmental Pollution,181(6):287-300
Gregory J.1981.Approximate expressions for retarded van der Waal interaction[J].Journal of Colloid&Interface Science,83(1):138-145
Hogg R,Healy T W,Ferstenau D W.1966.Mutual coagulation of colloida dispersions[J].Transactions of the Faraday Society,62(552P):1638-1651
华晶,袁晋,盛光遥.2016.金属氧化物纳米颗粒在水环境中的团聚与沉降[J].环境科学与技术,39(3):17-22
Huynh K A,Mccaffery J M,Chen K L.2012.Heteroaggregation o multiwalled carbon nanotubes and hematite nanoparticles:Rates and mechanisms[J].Environmental Science&Technology,46(11):5912-5920
Israelachvili J N.1992.Intermolecular and Surface Forces[M].London:Academic Press
Keller A A,Mcferran S,Lazareva A,et al.2013.Global life cycle release of engineered nanomaterials[J].Journal of Nanoparticle Research,15(6):1692-1708
Keller A A,Wang H,Zhou D,et al.2010.Stability and aggregation o metal oxide nanoparticles in natural aqueous matrices[J]Environmental Science&Technology,44(6):1962-1967
Lin D H,Li T T,Yang K,et al.2012.The relationship between humic acid(HA)adsorption on and stabilizing multiwalled carbon nanotube(MWNTs)in water:Effects of HA,MWNT and solution propertie[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,241-242(1):404-410
林道辉,冀静,田小利,等.2009.纳米材料的环境行为与生物毒性[J]科学通报,54(23):3590-3604
Lowry G V,Gregory K B,Apte S C,et al.2012.Transformations o nanomaterials in the environment[J].Environmental Science&Technology,46(13):6893-6899
Peng X,Palma S,Fisher N S,et al.2011.Effect of morphology of Zn Onanostructures on their toxicity to marine algae[J].Aquatic Toxicology,102:186-196
Petosa A R,Jaisi D P,Quevedo I R,et al.2010.Aggregationand deposition of engineered nanomaterials in aquatic environments:Role of physicochemical interactions[J].Environmental Science&Technology,44(17):6532-6549
Quik J T K,Stuart M C,Wouterse M,et al.2012.Natural colloids are the dominant factor in the sedimentation of nanoparticles[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,31(5):1019-1022
Quik J T K,Velzeboer I,Wouterse M,et al.2014.Heteroaggregation and sedimentation rates for nanomaterials in natural waters[J].Water Research,48(1):269-279
Sharma V,Shukla R K,Saxena N,et al.2009.DNA damaging potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles in human epidermal cells[J].Toxicology Letters,185(3):211-218
Smith B M,Pike D J,Kelly M O,et al.2015.Quanfitication of heteroaggregation between citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles and hematite colloids[J].Environmental Science&Technology,49(21):12789-12797
Sun P D,Altantuya S,Fang J,et al.2015.Distinguishable transport behavior of zinc oxide nanoparticles in silica sand and soil columns[J].Science of the Total Environment,505:189-198
孙培德,张柯柯,方婧,等.2015.土壤颗粒对纳米Ti O2悬浮稳定性作用机制的实验研究[J].环境科学学报,35(3):844-854
Tong T,Fang K,Thomas S A,et al.2014.Chemical interactions between nano-Zn O and nano-Ti O2in a natural aqueous medium[J].Environmental Science&Technology,48(14):7924-7932
Velzeboer I,Quik J T K,Vand Meent D,et al.2014.Rapid settling of nanoparticles due to heteroaggregation with suspended sediment[J].Environmental Toxicology&Chemistry,33(8):1766-1773
Verwey E J M,Overbeek J T G.1948.Theory of the Stability of Lyophobic Colloids[M].Amsterdam,The Netherlands:Elsevier
Wang Z L.2004.Zinc oxide nanostructures:growth,properties,and applications[J].Journal of Physics:Condensed Matter,16(25):829-858
徐磊,段林,陈威.2009.碳纳米材料的环境行为及其对环境中污染物迁移归趋的影响[J].应用生态学报,20(1):205-212
Yang J,Bitter J L,Smith B A,et al.2013.Transport of oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes through silica based porous media:influences of aquatic chemistry,surface chemistry,and natural organic matter[J].Environmental Science&Technology,47(24):14034-14043
Zhang L Q,Lei C,Chen J J,et al.2015.Effect of natural and synthetic surface coatings on the toxicity of multiwalled carbon nanotubes toward green algae[J].Carbon,83:198-207
Zhang L Q,Wang M H,Fang J,et al.2016.The effect of oxidation on physicochemical properties and aqueous stabilization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes:Comparison of multiple analysis methods[J].Science China Chemistry,59(11):1498-1507
Zhou D X,Keller A A.2010.Role of morphology in the aggregation kinetics of Zn O nanoparticles[J].Water Research,44(9):2948-2956
张瑞昌,章海波,涂晨,等.2014.p H、离子强度及电解质种类对纳米氧化锌聚集和溶解的影响[J].环境化学,33(11):1821-1827
周丽霞,张淑娟,潘丙才.2014.碳纳米管在水溶液中的聚集和沉降行为研究[J].南京大学学报(自然科学版),50(4):405-413
Bai Y C,Wu F C,Lin D H,et al.2014.Aqueous stabilization of carbon nanotubes:effects of surface oxidization and solution chemistry[J]Environmental Science and Pollution Research,21(6):4358-4365
Ben-Moshe T,Dror I,Berkowitz B.2010.Transport of metal oxid nanoparticles in saturated porous media[J].Chemosphere,81(3):387-393
Bergstrom L.1997.Hamaker constants of inorganic materials[J].Advance in Colloid&Interface Science,70(1):125-169
陈光才,沈秀娥.2010.碳纳米管对污染物的吸附及其在土水环境中的迁移行为[J].环境化学,29(2):159-168
Datsyuk V,Kalyva M,Papagelis K,et al.2008.Chemical oxidation o multiwalled carbon nanotubes[J].Carbon,46(6):833-840
Derjaguin B,Landau L.1941.Theory of the stability of strongly charged lyophobic sols and of the adhesion of strongly charged particles in solutions of electrolytes[J].URSS Acta Physicochim,14:733-762
Dusak P,Mertelj A,Kralj S,et al.2015.Controlled heteroaggregation o two types of nanoparticles in an aqueous suspension[J].Journal o Colloid and Interface Science,438:235-243
Fang J,Shan X Q,Wen B,et al.2009.Stability of Titania nanoparticles in soil suspensions and transport in saturated homogeneous soil column[J].Environmental Pollution,157(4):1101-1109
Fatehah M O,Hamidi A A,Serge S.2014.Aggregation and disaggregation of Zn O nanoparticles:Influence of p H and adsorption of Suwanne River humic acid[J].Science of the Total Environment,468-469C:195-201
Ge Y G,Schimel J P,Holden P A.2011.Evidence for negative effects o Ti O2and Zn O nanoparticles on soil bacterial communities[J]Environmental Science&Technology,45(4):1659-1664
Gottschalk F,Sun T Y,Nowack B.2013.Environmental concentrations o engineered nanomaterials:review of modeling and analytical studie[J].Environmental Pollution,181(6):287-300
Gregory J.1981.Approximate expressions for retarded van der Waal interaction[J].Journal of Colloid&Interface Science,83(1):138-145
Hogg R,Healy T W,Ferstenau D W.1966.Mutual coagulation of colloida dispersions[J].Transactions of the Faraday Society,62(552P):1638-1651
华晶,袁晋,盛光遥.2016.金属氧化物纳米颗粒在水环境中的团聚与沉降[J].环境科学与技术,39(3):17-22
Huynh K A,Mccaffery J M,Chen K L.2012.Heteroaggregation o multiwalled carbon nanotubes and hematite nanoparticles:Rates and mechanisms[J].Environmental Science&Technology,46(11):5912-5920
Israelachvili J N.1992.Intermolecular and Surface Forces[M].London:Academic Press
Keller A A,Mcferran S,Lazareva A,et al.2013.Global life cycle release of engineered nanomaterials[J].Journal of Nanoparticle Research,15(6):1692-1708
Keller A A,Wang H,Zhou D,et al.2010.Stability and aggregation o metal oxide nanoparticles in natural aqueous matrices[J]Environmental Science&Technology,44(6):1962-1967
Lin D H,Li T T,Yang K,et al.2012.The relationship between humic acid(HA)adsorption on and stabilizing multiwalled carbon nanotube(MWNTs)in water:Effects of HA,MWNT and solution propertie[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,241-242(1):404-410
林道辉,冀静,田小利,等.2009.纳米材料的环境行为与生物毒性[J]科学通报,54(23):3590-3604
Lowry G V,Gregory K B,Apte S C,et al.2012.Transformations o nanomaterials in the environment[J].Environmental Science&Technology,46(13):6893-6899
Peng X,Palma S,Fisher N S,et al.2011.Effect of morphology of Zn Onanostructures on their toxicity to marine algae[J].Aquatic Toxicology,102:186-196
Petosa A R,Jaisi D P,Quevedo I R,et al.2010.Aggregationand deposition of engineered nanomaterials in aquatic environments:Role of physicochemical interactions[J].Environmental Science&Technology,44(17):6532-6549
Quik J T K,Stuart M C,Wouterse M,et al.2012.Natural colloids are the dominant factor in the sedimentation of nanoparticles[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,31(5):1019-1022
Quik J T K,Velzeboer I,Wouterse M,et al.2014.Heteroaggregation and sedimentation rates for nanomaterials in natural waters[J].Water Research,48(1):269-279
Sharma V,Shukla R K,Saxena N,et al.2009.DNA damaging potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles in human epidermal cells[J].Toxicology Letters,185(3):211-218
Smith B M,Pike D J,Kelly M O,et al.2015.Quanfitication of heteroaggregation between citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles and hematite colloids[J].Environmental Science&Technology,49(21):12789-12797
Sun P D,Altantuya S,Fang J,et al.2015.Distinguishable transport behavior of zinc oxide nanoparticles in silica sand and soil columns[J].Science of the Total Environment,505:189-198
孙培德,张柯柯,方婧,等.2015.土壤颗粒对纳米Ti O2悬浮稳定性作用机制的实验研究[J].环境科学学报,35(3):844-854
Tong T,Fang K,Thomas S A,et al.2014.Chemical interactions between nano-Zn O and nano-Ti O2in a natural aqueous medium[J].Environmental Science&Technology,48(14):7924-7932
Velzeboer I,Quik J T K,Vand Meent D,et al.2014.Rapid settling of nanoparticles due to heteroaggregation with suspended sediment[J].Environmental Toxicology&Chemistry,33(8):1766-1773
Verwey E J M,Overbeek J T G.1948.Theory of the Stability of Lyophobic Colloids[M].Amsterdam,The Netherlands:Elsevier
Wang Z L.2004.Zinc oxide nanostructures:growth,properties,and applications[J].Journal of Physics:Condensed Matter,16(25):829-858
徐磊,段林,陈威.2009.碳纳米材料的环境行为及其对环境中污染物迁移归趋的影响[J].应用生态学报,20(1):205-212
Yang J,Bitter J L,Smith B A,et al.2013.Transport of oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes through silica based porous media:influences of aquatic chemistry,surface chemistry,and natural organic matter[J].Environmental Science&Technology,47(24):14034-14043
Zhang L Q,Lei C,Chen J J,et al.2015.Effect of natural and synthetic surface coatings on the toxicity of multiwalled carbon nanotubes toward green algae[J].Carbon,83:198-207
Zhang L Q,Wang M H,Fang J,et al.2016.The effect of oxidation on physicochemical properties and aqueous stabilization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes:Comparison of multiple analysis methods[J].Science China Chemistry,59(11):1498-1507
Zhou D X,Keller A A.2010.Role of morphology in the aggregation kinetics of Zn O nanoparticles[J].Water Research,44(9):2948-2956
张瑞昌,章海波,涂晨,等.2014.p H、离子强度及电解质种类对纳米氧化锌聚集和溶解的影响[J].环境化学,33(11):1821-1827
周丽霞,张淑娟,潘丙才.2014.碳纳米管在水溶液中的聚集和沉降行为研究[J].南京大学学报(自然科学版),50(4):405-413