基于行波反演的输电线路单相接地故障重演方法
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摘要
重演输电线路的故障行波过程、定量地分析故障点的重要故障信息,对输电线路故障诊断有很大的现实意义。论文在分析单相接地故障初始电流行波及折反射行波的基础上,提出了基于行波反演的故障重演方法,从而实现对关键故障暂态信息的准确获取。该方法利用反演理论,结合线路依频参数模型,确定故障发生的时刻、故障点首个及第2个行波波头的模量电流幅值;构建了基于故障点模量电流幅值、故障角及故障电阻的数学模型;采用混沌粒子群优化(CPSO)算法,求解得到故障点的故障角及故障电阻值。PSCAD仿真结果表明,该方法可精确得到故障点的关键故障信息,其中故障电阻最大误差为2.64?,故障角最大误差为1.03°。论文所提方法可为输电线路故障分析提供参考。
Reproducing fault traveling wave and quantitatively analyzing the fault information at fault points are of great practical significance to fault diagnosis of transmission lines. By analyzing the refraction and reflection waves of initial current of monophase-to-ground fault, we proposed a fault reproduction method based on wave inversion so as to accurately obtain the critical fault transient information. By combining a frequency-dependent parametric line model and wavelet transform with the inversion theory, the failure moment and the modulus current amplitude of the first and second wave head could be determined. The mathematical model of current amplitude, fault angle and fault resistance of fault point were constructed. Furthermore, the chaotic particle swarm optimization(CPSO) method was adopted to solve the value of fault angle and fault resistance. The simulation of PSCAD demonstrated that the method could obtain the critical information of fault point precisely. The maximum error of the fault resistance is 2.64 ?, and the maximum error of the fault angle is 1.03°. The proposed method can provide references for the fault analysis of transmission lines.
Reproducing fault traveling wave and quantitatively analyzing the fault information at fault points are of great practical significance to fault diagnosis of transmission lines. By analyzing the refraction and reflection waves of initial current of monophase-to-ground fault, we proposed a fault reproduction method based on wave inversion so as to accurately obtain the critical fault transient information. By combining a frequency-dependent parametric line model and wavelet transform with the inversion theory, the failure moment and the modulus current amplitude of the first and second wave head could be determined. The mathematical model of current amplitude, fault angle and fault resistance of fault point were constructed. Furthermore, the chaotic particle swarm optimization(CPSO) method was adopted to solve the value of fault angle and fault resistance. The simulation of PSCAD demonstrated that the method could obtain the critical information of fault point precisely. The maximum error of the fault resistance is 2.64 ?, and the maximum error of the fault angle is 1.03°. The proposed method can provide references for the fault analysis of transmission lines.
引文
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[16]董良国,迟本鑫,陶纪霞,等.声波全波形反演目标函数性态[J].地球物理学报,2013,56(10):3445-3460.DONG Liangguo,CHI Benxin,TAO Jixia,et al.Objective function behavior in acoustic full-waveform inversion[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2013,56(10):3445-3460.
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[2]陆佳政,刘毓,徐勋建,等.架空输电线路山火预测预警技术[J].高电压技术,2017,43(1):314-320.LU Jiazheng,LIU Yu,XU Xunjian,et al.Prediction and early warning technology of wildfire nearby overhead transmission lines[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(1):314-320.
[3]穆卡,王丰华,刘亚东.基于参数识别的非对称故障双端不同步测距方法[J].高电压技术,2017,43(11):3763-3768.MU Ka,WANG Fenghua,LIU Yadong.Asynchronous two-terminal fault location method for unbalanced fault based on parameter identification[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(11):3763-3768.
[4]梁涵卿,刘亚东,万磊,等.混联半波长交流输电线路最优配比及联网性能研究[J].高电压技术,2018,44(1):65-74.LIANG Hanqing,LIU Yadong,WAN Lei,et al.Research on optimal proportion and interconnection performance of hybrid half-wavelength AC transmission line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(1):65-64.
[5]LIU Y,SHENG G,HU Y,et al.Identification of lightning strike on 500kV transmission line based on the time-domain parameters of a traveling wave[J].IEEE Access,2016,4:7241-7250.
[6]赵冬梅,张旭,魏娟,等.以重现故障过程为目的的电网故障诊断[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(13):2116-2123.ZHAO Dongmei,ZHANG Xu,WEI Juan,et al.Power grid fault diagnosis aiming at reproducing the fault process[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(13):2116-2123.
[7]张旭,魏娟,赵冬梅,等.电网故障诊断的研究历程及展望[J].电网技术,2013,37(10):2745-2753.ZHANG Xu,WEI Juan,ZHAO Dongmei,et al.Research course and prospects of power grid fault diagnosis[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(10):2745-2753.
[8]LONG Y,YAO C,MI Y,et al.Preliminary full-waveform inversion of lightning current using differential-integral loop measurement[J].IEEETransactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2016,23(3):1534-1545.
[9]束洪春,刘振松,彭仕欣.耦合双回线路电弧故障测距的新相模变换方法[J].高电压技术,2009,35(3):480-486.SHU Hongchun,LIU Zhensong,PENG Shixin.Locating arc faults on coupling two parallel transmission lines using the novel phase-model transformation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(3):480-486.
[10]宋国兵,靳东晖,靳幸福,等.CSC-HVDC输电线路单端行波自动故障定位方法[J].高电压技术,2014,40(2):588-596.SONG Guobing,JIN Donghui,JIN Xingfu,et al.Automatic fault location method for traveling wave on HVDC transmission line using single-terminal data[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(2):588-596.
[11]梁睿,孙式想,靳征,等.单双端行波特征综合考虑的辐射状电网组合测距技术[J].高电压技术,2014,40(5):1461-1467.LIANG Rui,SUN Shixiang,JIN Zheng,et al.Fault location in radial power grid after analyzing characteristics of both single-terminal and double-terminal traveling waves[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(5):1461-1467.
[12]杨午阳,王西文,雍学善,等.地震全波形反演方法研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2013,28(2):766-776.YANG Wuyang,WANG Xiwen,YONG Xueshan,et al.The review of seismic full waveform inversion method[J].Progress in Geophysics,2013,28(2):766-776.
[13]张文生,罗嘉,滕吉文.频率多尺度全波形速度反演[J].地球物理学报,2015,58(1):216-228.ZHANG Wensheng,LUO Jia,TENG Jiwen.et al.Frequency multiscale full-waveform velocity inversion[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2015,58(1):216-228.
[14]SHAH N,WARNER M,NANGO T,et al.Quality assured full-waveform inversion:ensuring starting model adequacy[J].Seg Technical Program Expanded,1949:1-5.
[15]PYUN S,SHIN C,HONG L,et al.3D elastic full waveform inversion in the Laplace domain[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1949,100(6):3239-3249.
[16]董良国,迟本鑫,陶纪霞,等.声波全波形反演目标函数性态[J].地球物理学报,2013,56(10):3445-3460.DONG Liangguo,CHI Benxin,TAO Jixia,et al.Objective function behavior in acoustic full-waveform inversion[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2013,56(10):3445-3460.
[17]DAUBECHIES I.The wavelet transform,time-frequency localization and signal analysis[J].Journal of Renewable&Sustainable Energy,2015,36(5):961-1005.
[18]VETTERLI M,HERLEY C.Wavelets and filter banks:theory and design[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,1992,40(9):2207-2232.
[19]COLORM A,DORIGO M,MANIEAAO V.Distributed optimization by ant colonies[C]∥Proceedings of the 1st European Confrence on Artificial Life.Amsterdam,the Netherlands:Elsevier,1991:134-142.
[20]DORIGO M.Optimization learning and nature algorithms[D].Milano,Italy:Politecnico di Milano,1992.
[21]SAMMUT C,WEBB G I.Encyclopedia of machine learning[M].US:Springer Science&Business Media,2011.