空间X射线通信系统误码率分析（英文）
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摘要
自X射线通信的概念被提出后,大部分研究集中在发射源、收发天线和探测器等关键器件上,而关于传输理论的研究较少。文中旨在建立X射线通信的理论模型,首先建立了X射线通信的功率传输模型和链路方程;其次建立了基于泊松噪声的X射线通信误码率模型,随后建立了X射线通信中的核心参数:通信距离,通信速率,误码率与传输功率之间的关系;最后对不同阳极高压与不同调制方式下探测器端信号光子数进行实验监测,对功率传输方程及误差模型进行验证,测试了X射线通信系统的误码率,理论与实验较为符合,OOK和4 PPM的误码率可达10~(-4)~10~(-5)量级,为空间X射线通信研究建立了理论基础,同时有望对空间X射线通信的工程化提供一定的参考。
Since the concept of X-ray communication was introduced, there is a great deal of research on the core components, such as X-ray source, receiving antenna and X-ray detectors. However, few people focus on the theoretical basis. Therefore, this paper aims at establishing a primary theoretical model of X-ray communication. At start, the power transmission process that to establish the link power equation was analysed. In addition, bit error ratio model based on Poisson distribution was established by analysing major noise sources. After that, the core parameters of X-ray communication, such as transmitting speed,communication distance, bit error ratio can be decided by a giving transmission power. Finally, in order to verify the bit error ratio model and link power equation, the signal photons of micro channel plate detector output under various X-ray anode voltage and modulations was testified. Experimental results accorded well with the theoretical analysis, OOK and 4-PPM modulation model can achieve 10~(-4) to 10~(-5) bit error ratio level. These models would improved the transmission theory and laid foundations for the application of future spatial X-ray communication to some extent.
Since the concept of X-ray communication was introduced, there is a great deal of research on the core components, such as X-ray source, receiving antenna and X-ray detectors. However, few people focus on the theoretical basis. Therefore, this paper aims at establishing a primary theoretical model of X-ray communication. At start, the power transmission process that to establish the link power equation was analysed. In addition, bit error ratio model based on Poisson distribution was established by analysing major noise sources. After that, the core parameters of X-ray communication, such as transmitting speed,communication distance, bit error ratio can be decided by a giving transmission power. Finally, in order to verify the bit error ratio model and link power equation, the signal photons of micro channel plate detector output under various X-ray anode voltage and modulations was testified. Experimental results accorded well with the theoretical analysis, OOK and 4-PPM modulation model can achieve 10~(-4) to 10~(-5) bit error ratio level. These models would improved the transmission theory and laid foundations for the application of future spatial X-ray communication to some extent.
引文
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[2]Gorenstein P,Cash W,Gehrels N,et al.The future of high angular resolution X-ray astronomy[C]//Proceedings of SPIE,2008,7011:2271816.
[3]Keith Gendreau.Dr.Keith Gendreau talk about NICEER and Modulate X-ray Source[EB/OL].[2016-2-12].https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2016/nasa-s-navcube,2016.
[4]Porter George.See Straight Through Data Center Bandwidth Limitations with X-rays[EB/OL].[2013-10-1].http://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~gmporter/papers/porter-xray-tinytocs13.pdf,2013.
[5]Kealhofer C,Foreman S M,Gerlich S,et al.Ultrafast lasertriggered emission from hafnium carbide tips[J].Physical Review B,2011,86(3):165-173.
[6]Sheng Lizhi,Zhao Baosheng,Zhou Feng,et al.Performance of the detection system for X-ray pulsar based navigation[J].Acta Photonica Sinica,2013,42(9):1071-1076.(in Chinese)
[7]Zschornack.Handbook of X-Ray Data[M].Berlin:Springer,2007.
[8]Ziegler E,Hignette O,Morawe C,et al.High-efficiency tunable X-ray focusing optics using mirrors and laterallygraded multilayers[J].Nuclear Instruments&Methods in Physics Research,2001,467(2002):954-957.
[9]Jannson T,Gertsenshteyn M,Grubsky V,et al.Through-thewall sensor systems based on hard X-ray imaging optics[C]//Proceedings of SPIE,2007,6538:A1-A9.
[10]Song S,Xu L,Zhang H,et al.Novel X-ray communication based XNAV augmentation method using X-ray detectors[J].Sensors,2015,15(9):22325-22342.
[11]Huang Long,Feng Guoying,Liao Yu.Free space optical communication based on supercontinuum laser source[J].Infrared&Laser Engineering,2015,44(12):3530-3534.(in Chinese)
[12]Labiche J C,Mathon O,Pascarelli S,et al.Invited article:The fast readout low noise camera as a versatile X-ray detector for time resolved dispersive extended X-ray absorption fine structure and diffraction studies of dynamic problems in materials science,chemistry,and catalysis[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,2007,78(9):091301.
[13]Wang Z,Wang X,Mu B.Nanoscale patterns made by using a 13.5-nm Schwarzschild objective and a laser produced plasma source[C]//Proceedings of SPIE,2012,8430(11):34-38.
[14]Tan A L,Yang Y,Ma J,et al.Influence of misalignment and aberrations on antenna received power in free-space laser communications[J].Optical Engineering,2009,48(8):73-80.
[15]Ma J,Jiang Y,Yu S,et al.Packet error rate analysis of OOK,DPIM and PPM modulation schemes for ground-tosatellite optical communications[J].Optics Communications,2010,283(2):237-242.
[16]Song S B,Xu L P,Zhang H,et al.X-ray communication based simultaneous communication and ranging[J].Chinese Physics B,2015,24(9):289-298.
[17]Wang L Q,Su T,Zhao B S,et al.Bit error rate analysis of X-ray communication system[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2015,64(12):119-123.(in Chinese)
[18]Chen B,Zhao B,Hu H,et al.X-ray photon-counting detector based on a micro-channel plate for pulsarnavigation[J].Chinese Optics Letters,2011,9(6):13-16.
[19]Henke B L,Knauer J P,Premaratne K.The characterization of X-ray photocathodes in the 0.1-10-ke V photon energy region[J].Journal of Applied Physics,1981,52(3):1509-1520.
[20]Shchemelev V N,Savinov E P.Total quantum-current yield in the soft X-ray region[J].Physics of the Solid State,1998,40(6):952-955.
[21]Boutboul T,Akkerman A,Gibrekhterman A,et al.An improved model for ultraviolet-and x-ray-induced electron emission from Cs I[J].Journal of Applied Physics,1999,86(10):5841-5849.
[22]Hu Huijun,Zhao Baosheng,Sheng Lizhi,et al.X-ray photon counting detector for X-ray pulsar-based navigation[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2012,61(1):019701.(in Chinese)