广东省强制隔离戒毒人员体质效益调查与运动干预模型构建
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摘要
为提高我国强制隔离戒毒人员体质康复工作效能,以自主研发并获得国家专利的《我国强戒人员专用体质测评标准系统》作为数据采集与分析工具,对广东省26个强戒所的强戒人员体质效益进行抽样调查,通过不同强戒时间、干预方式的强戒人员体质数据的比较,揭示各类运动干预措施在强戒人员体质增强中的效益,发现影响强戒人员体质变化的因素,初步构建分级分类的强戒人员运动干预模型。研究的主要结论是,广东省强戒人员整体体质效益不容乐观,离所解戒人员仅比新入所人员体质高约1%;各强戒所强戒人员体质效益存在显著性差异,原因来源于性别、平均基础体质、收容人数、年龄结构和吸毒时长,而非现有运动干预措施的区别,由此推论每周1～2次、每次1 h左右、内容统一的低强度锻炼不能有效促进我国强戒人员的体质效益;对强戒人员体质水平能够产生独立显著影响的解释变量有性别、吸毒时长、毒品类型,由此构建出"2(性别)-3(毒品类型)-2(吸毒时长)"分级分类强戒人员运动干预体系和相对应的干预内容配置体系,初步形成我国强戒人员运动干预模型。下阶段研究方向是各级各类运动干预方案的优化,通过机器学习与训练,构建强戒人员体质预警与应对模型。
For improving the physical health and work performance of detoxification addicts under compulsory isolation in China, the paper takes the self-developed and patented "Physical Health Measurement Standard System for Detoxification Addicts under Compulsory Isolation in China" as data collection and analysis instrument to conduct a sampling survey on the physical health of detoxification addicts under compulsory isolation in 26 addiction treatment centers in Guangdong Province. Throughout comparison of the physical health data among detoxification addicts under compulsory isolation with different compulsory detoxification time and means of intervention, the paper reveals the efficiency of all sorts of exercise intervention measures in reinforcing individual physical health, and observes factors affecting the change of individual physical health, and primarily builds a classified exercise intervention model for detoxification addicts under compulsory isolation. This research derives the conclusion that the general physical health efficiency of detoxification addicts under compulsory isolation in Guangdong Province is barely satisfactory. The physical health efficiency of former detoxification addicts who already leave addiction treatment centers is approximately 1% higher than that of new detoxification addicts who just enter addiction treatment centers. There exists significant discrepancy among detoxification addicts under compulsory isolation from different addiction treatment centers in physical health efficiency. The cause should come down to gender, average basic health condition, number of addicts, age structure, time of drug addiction instead of existing exercise intervention measures. Thus it can be fitly judged that uniform low-intensity exercises lasting for one hour once or twice a week can't effectively improve the physical health efficiency of detoxification addicts under compulsory isolation in China. Explanatory variables that can generate significant influence on the physical health of detoxification addicts under compulsory isolation include gender, time of drug addiction, types of drug addiction. On this basis, the paper builds a "2(gender)-3(type of drug addiction)-2(time of drug addiction)" classified exercise intervention system and pertinent intervention content system and primarily forms the exercise intervention model for detoxification addicts under compulsory isolation in China. The research orientation in next stage should be the optimization of all sorts of exercise intervention plans,and building of physical health efficiency warning and response model by machine learning and training.
For improving the physical health and work performance of detoxification addicts under compulsory isolation in China, the paper takes the self-developed and patented "Physical Health Measurement Standard System for Detoxification Addicts under Compulsory Isolation in China" as data collection and analysis instrument to conduct a sampling survey on the physical health of detoxification addicts under compulsory isolation in 26 addiction treatment centers in Guangdong Province. Throughout comparison of the physical health data among detoxification addicts under compulsory isolation with different compulsory detoxification time and means of intervention, the paper reveals the efficiency of all sorts of exercise intervention measures in reinforcing individual physical health, and observes factors affecting the change of individual physical health, and primarily builds a classified exercise intervention model for detoxification addicts under compulsory isolation. This research derives the conclusion that the general physical health efficiency of detoxification addicts under compulsory isolation in Guangdong Province is barely satisfactory. The physical health efficiency of former detoxification addicts who already leave addiction treatment centers is approximately 1% higher than that of new detoxification addicts who just enter addiction treatment centers. There exists significant discrepancy among detoxification addicts under compulsory isolation from different addiction treatment centers in physical health efficiency. The cause should come down to gender, average basic health condition, number of addicts, age structure, time of drug addiction instead of existing exercise intervention measures. Thus it can be fitly judged that uniform low-intensity exercises lasting for one hour once or twice a week can't effectively improve the physical health efficiency of detoxification addicts under compulsory isolation in China. Explanatory variables that can generate significant influence on the physical health of detoxification addicts under compulsory isolation include gender, time of drug addiction, types of drug addiction. On this basis, the paper builds a "2(gender)-3(type of drug addiction)-2(time of drug addiction)" classified exercise intervention system and pertinent intervention content system and primarily forms the exercise intervention model for detoxification addicts under compulsory isolation in China. The research orientation in next stage should be the optimization of all sorts of exercise intervention plans,and building of physical health efficiency warning and response model by machine learning and training.
引文
边宇,黄善彬,李润森,等,2018.基于风险源辨识的我国戒毒人员体质测评标准构建[J].北京体育大学学报,41(10):78-87.
邓木兰,居睿,丁鹏林,等,2016.强制及自愿戒毒人员中医体质差异及毒品类型对其的影响[J].中华中医药杂志,31(3):818-820.
那荣瑞,2017.成都市20~29岁“健康”人群的六分钟步行距离及预测模型[D].遵义:遵义医学院.
刘志军,谢琴红,刘国艳,等,2017.不同毒品依赖类型女性强戒人员戒毒动机影响路径比较[J].中国药物依赖性杂志,26(4):319-324.
彭岩,王万森,王旭仁,2009.基于机器学习的风险预测方法研究[J].计算机科学,36(4):205-207,210.
钱玉想,盛敏,2017.基于PDCA理论的强戒人员身体康复训练模式构建[J].中国药物依赖性杂志,26(3):229-234.
杨瑾,2016.毒品成瘾者心理健康评测体系研究[D].南京:东南大学.
袁荣亲,黄华锋,刘大德,等,2018.渐进性运动训练对强戒人员的体能康复效果研究[J].中国药物滥用防治杂志,24(4):200-204,235.
朱晓东,李倩影,2015.对强制隔离强戒人员实施运动干预的具体方案及结果分析[J].体育科技,36(3):76-78.
赵非一,周成林,刘天择,2018.运动锻炼抑制药物成瘾者心理渴求及复吸行为的神经生物学机制:基于运动对神经递质、激素和肽类物质的调节作用[J].体育科学,38(7):33-41.
DOLEZAL B A,CHUDZYNSKI J,DICKERSON D,et al.,2014.Exercise training improves heart rate variability after methamphetamine dependency[J].Med Sci Sports Exerc,46(6):105-107.
MAMEN A,MARTINSEN E W,2009.The aerobic fitness of substance abusers voluntary participating in a rehabilitation project[J].J Sports Med Phys Fit,49(2):187-193.
邓木兰,居睿,丁鹏林,等,2016.强制及自愿戒毒人员中医体质差异及毒品类型对其的影响[J].中华中医药杂志,31(3):818-820.
那荣瑞,2017.成都市20~29岁“健康”人群的六分钟步行距离及预测模型[D].遵义:遵义医学院.
刘志军,谢琴红,刘国艳,等,2017.不同毒品依赖类型女性强戒人员戒毒动机影响路径比较[J].中国药物依赖性杂志,26(4):319-324.
彭岩,王万森,王旭仁,2009.基于机器学习的风险预测方法研究[J].计算机科学,36(4):205-207,210.
钱玉想,盛敏,2017.基于PDCA理论的强戒人员身体康复训练模式构建[J].中国药物依赖性杂志,26(3):229-234.
杨瑾,2016.毒品成瘾者心理健康评测体系研究[D].南京:东南大学.
袁荣亲,黄华锋,刘大德,等,2018.渐进性运动训练对强戒人员的体能康复效果研究[J].中国药物滥用防治杂志,24(4):200-204,235.
朱晓东,李倩影,2015.对强制隔离强戒人员实施运动干预的具体方案及结果分析[J].体育科技,36(3):76-78.
赵非一,周成林,刘天择,2018.运动锻炼抑制药物成瘾者心理渴求及复吸行为的神经生物学机制:基于运动对神经递质、激素和肽类物质的调节作用[J].体育科学,38(7):33-41.
DOLEZAL B A,CHUDZYNSKI J,DICKERSON D,et al.,2014.Exercise training improves heart rate variability after methamphetamine dependency[J].Med Sci Sports Exerc,46(6):105-107.
MAMEN A,MARTINSEN E W,2009.The aerobic fitness of substance abusers voluntary participating in a rehabilitation project[J].J Sports Med Phys Fit,49(2):187-193.