区域间专利转让的网络结构研究
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摘要
基于社会网络分析方法构建我国31个省(区、市)间专利转让网络结构,了解各地区2016年的跨区域专利转让情况;并通过计算网络中各节点的点度中心度、分类聚类和构建核心-边缘网络结构模型等方法,对各地区的跨区域专利转让的网络结构、区块特征等进行分析。研究得出:以北京、上海和江苏等为首,我国各省(区、市)已经建立较为广泛但还不够成熟的区域间专利转让网络,跨区域专利转让大致保持在一个较为稳定的状态,只有陕西和广东在专利输出和吸纳方面具有较大的差异;除北京、上海、江苏和浙江外,其余地区在网络结构中均属于边缘节点,在整体网络结构中参与度较低。最后在研究结论基础上,提出增强我国区域间专利转让效果的政策与启示。
Based on the method of social network analysis, this paper constructs a network structure for the interregional patent transfer in China to understand the situation among each province in 2016. Through calculating the degree of each node's centrality and clustering, building a core-periphery network architecture model and other methods, the network structure and block characteristics of patent transfer among 31 provinces in China are analyzed.The research gives the conclusions as follows: taking Beijing, Shanghai and Jiangsu as typical examples, China has established a relatively wide but not so mature interregional patent transfer network among 31 provinces, and the crossregional patent transfers remain generally in a more stable state, only Shaanxi and Guangdong have great differences in patent export and absorption. Except Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, the other regions belong to the edge nodes in the network structure, and the participation degree is lower in the overall network structure. Finally, on the basis of the research conclusions, the paper puts forward puts forward the policy and enlightenment of improving the effect of interregional patent transfer in China.
Based on the method of social network analysis, this paper constructs a network structure for the interregional patent transfer in China to understand the situation among each province in 2016. Through calculating the degree of each node's centrality and clustering, building a core-periphery network architecture model and other methods, the network structure and block characteristics of patent transfer among 31 provinces in China are analyzed.The research gives the conclusions as follows: taking Beijing, Shanghai and Jiangsu as typical examples, China has established a relatively wide but not so mature interregional patent transfer network among 31 provinces, and the crossregional patent transfers remain generally in a more stable state, only Shaanxi and Guangdong have great differences in patent export and absorption. Except Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, the other regions belong to the edge nodes in the network structure, and the participation degree is lower in the overall network structure. Finally, on the basis of the research conclusions, the paper puts forward puts forward the policy and enlightenment of improving the effect of interregional patent transfer in China.
引文
[1]刘凤朝,马荣康.区域间技术转移的网络结构及空间分布特征研究:基于我国2006-2010省际技术市场成交合同的分析[J].科学研究,2013,31(4):529-536.
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[11]武玉英,张博闻,何喜军,等.新能源领域专利转让网络中技术供需主体间交易机会预测[J].情报杂志,2018,37(5):1-7.
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[13]王璐璐,张卓,刘一新.江苏省产学研合作创新网络结构特征及其优化策略[J].科技管理研究,2018(8):94-99.
[14]王亚楠,虞重立.文化创意产业集群的网络结构与创新知识流动:基于社会网络视角的分析[J].科技管理研究,2017,37(11):158-163.
[15]张瑜,菅利荣,刘思峰,等.基于优化Shapley值的产学研网络型合作利益协调机制研究:以产业技术创新战略联盟为例[J].中国管理科学,2016,24(9):36-44.
[16]张娇,汪雪锋,刘玉琴,等.京津冀地区中国专利技术转移特征[J].科技管理研究,2017,37(22):79-85.
[17]YANG S J,WU Z A.Innovation model analysis of pharmaceutical patent technology transfer in Chinese medicine universities[J].Chinese Journal of New Drugs,2017,26(17):1993-1996.
[18]ROSSI F.The drivers of efficient knowledge transfer performance:evidence from British universities[J].Cambridge Journal of Economics,2017,42(3):729-755.
[19]QUINN J B.Technology transfer by multinational companies[J].Harvard Business Review,1969,47(6):147-161.
[20]SCOTT P.Regional development and policy[M]//JOHNSONP,FLOUD R.The Cambridge economic history of modern Britain:volume III:structural change and growth,1939-2000.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2004:332-367.
[21]鄢慧丽,徐帆,熊浩,等.社会网络视角下海南省旅游经济网络空间特征及定位研究[J].华中师范大学学报(自然科学版),2018(2):264-270.
[22]焦建玲,杨宇飞,白羽.工业行业R&D技术溢出的社会网络分析[J].中国科技论坛,2017(10):55-64.
[23]平健.基于Netlogo的政府应急组织合作关系演化趋势仿真研究[J].软科学,2018(2):124-129.
[24]刘军.社会网络分析导论[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2004:9-291.
[2]刘芳芳,冯锋.产学研跨区域合作现状及特征研究:基于社会网络视角[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2015,36(8):83-92.
[3]马荣康,刘凤朝.基于专利许可的新能源技术转移网络演变特征研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2017,38(6):65-76.
[4]LIU N,GUAN J C.Policy and innovation:nanoenergy technology in the USA and China[J].Energy Policy,2016,91:220-232.
[5]TANG Y,SONG W.Research on the network structure and evolution of spatial distribution of universities’cross-regional technology transfer[J].Journal of Service Science and Management,2017,10(2):112-124.
[6]宋澜,戚云龙,李敏思.“一带一路”战略下中部六省专利实施许可网络研究[J].科技进步与对策,2017,34(14):37-44.
[7]温芳芳.基于专利许可关系网络的技术转移现状及规律研究[J].情报科学,2014(11):24-29.
[8]PARK S,JUN S.Statistical technology analysis for competitive sustainability of three dimensional printing[J].Sustainability,2017,9(7):1-16.
[9]张寒.大学知识产权所有权归属模式演进及其对技术转移的影响[J].山东科技大学学报(社会科学版),2017(6):24-31.
[10]王波兰.深圳市区域技术转移服务体系优化研究[D].天津:天津大学,2015.
[11]武玉英,张博闻,何喜军,等.新能源领域专利转让网络中技术供需主体间交易机会预测[J].情报杂志,2018,37(5):1-7.
[12]刘芳芳.社会网络视角下的跨区域产学研合作研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2016.
[13]王璐璐,张卓,刘一新.江苏省产学研合作创新网络结构特征及其优化策略[J].科技管理研究,2018(8):94-99.
[14]王亚楠,虞重立.文化创意产业集群的网络结构与创新知识流动:基于社会网络视角的分析[J].科技管理研究,2017,37(11):158-163.
[15]张瑜,菅利荣,刘思峰,等.基于优化Shapley值的产学研网络型合作利益协调机制研究:以产业技术创新战略联盟为例[J].中国管理科学,2016,24(9):36-44.
[16]张娇,汪雪锋,刘玉琴,等.京津冀地区中国专利技术转移特征[J].科技管理研究,2017,37(22):79-85.
[17]YANG S J,WU Z A.Innovation model analysis of pharmaceutical patent technology transfer in Chinese medicine universities[J].Chinese Journal of New Drugs,2017,26(17):1993-1996.
[18]ROSSI F.The drivers of efficient knowledge transfer performance:evidence from British universities[J].Cambridge Journal of Economics,2017,42(3):729-755.
[19]QUINN J B.Technology transfer by multinational companies[J].Harvard Business Review,1969,47(6):147-161.
[20]SCOTT P.Regional development and policy[M]//JOHNSONP,FLOUD R.The Cambridge economic history of modern Britain:volume III:structural change and growth,1939-2000.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2004:332-367.
[21]鄢慧丽,徐帆,熊浩,等.社会网络视角下海南省旅游经济网络空间特征及定位研究[J].华中师范大学学报(自然科学版),2018(2):264-270.
[22]焦建玲,杨宇飞,白羽.工业行业R&D技术溢出的社会网络分析[J].中国科技论坛,2017(10):55-64.
[23]平健.基于Netlogo的政府应急组织合作关系演化趋势仿真研究[J].软科学,2018(2):124-129.
[24]刘军.社会网络分析导论[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2004:9-291.