基于VSC-MTDC的平均值建模与控制策略
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摘要
针对基于电压源型变流器(voltage source converter,VSC)的多端直流输电(multi-terminal HVDC transmission,MTDC)系统的电磁暂态仿真中,每一个VSC均包含多个电力电子器件,同时采用脉宽调制技术,势必增加VSC-MTDC仿真系统的数学计算量的问题,提出了一种VSC平均值模型替代VSC详细模型,以简化仿真系统。基于VSC平均值模型的简化方法,即:忽略变流器输出电压中的所有高次谐波,以受控电压源替代变流器输出,以虚拟受控电流源表征交/直流接口关系。最后,通过搭建三端VSC-MTDC输电仿真系统,对比了所提出的平均值模型与详细模型在各个工况下的系统响应,仿真结果表明,VSC平均值模型与详细模型在不同工况下,两者的系统动态响应基本一致,采用平均值模型系统仿真速度更快,仿真效率更高。
Aiming at the problem that the mathematical calculation of the VSC-MTDC simulation system is greatly increased by the number of power electronic component switches and pulse width modulation technology of VSC in the electromagnetic transient simulation,an average-value model of VSC was proposed to replace the detailed model of VSC in order to simplify the simulation system. The simplified method based on the VSC average-value model,and the high-order harmonic of the output voltage of the converter is neglected. The output of the converter was replaced by the controlled voltage source,and the AC/DC interface relationship was expressed virtual controlled current source. At last,a 3-terminal VSC-MTDC transmission simulation system was built,and the system responses in different cases of detailed model were compared with the average-value model. The simulation results show that the system responses of the two kind of models are nearly the same,and the average-value model greatly speeds up the system simulation and improves the simulation efficiency.
Aiming at the problem that the mathematical calculation of the VSC-MTDC simulation system is greatly increased by the number of power electronic component switches and pulse width modulation technology of VSC in the electromagnetic transient simulation,an average-value model of VSC was proposed to replace the detailed model of VSC in order to simplify the simulation system. The simplified method based on the VSC average-value model,and the high-order harmonic of the output voltage of the converter is neglected. The output of the converter was replaced by the controlled voltage source,and the AC/DC interface relationship was expressed virtual controlled current source. At last,a 3-terminal VSC-MTDC transmission simulation system was built,and the system responses in different cases of detailed model were compared with the average-value model. The simulation results show that the system responses of the two kind of models are nearly the same,and the average-value model greatly speeds up the system simulation and improves the simulation efficiency.
引文
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[21]熊凌飞,韩民晓.基于组合方式的多端柔性直流输电系统控制策略[J].电网技术,2015,39(6):1586.XIONG Lingfei,HAN Minxiao.A novel combined control strategy for VSC-MTDC[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(6):1586.
[22]陈实,朱瑞可,李兴源,等.基于VSC-MTDC的风电场并网控制策略研究[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2014,46(2):147.CHEN Shi,ZHU Ruike,LI Xingyuan,et al.Research on control strategy for interconnection of wind farms by VSC-MTDC[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Engineering Science Edition),2014,46(2):147.
[23]周诗嘉,林卫星,姚良忠,等.两电平VSC与MMC通用型平均值仿真模型[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(12):138.ZHOU Shijia,LIN Weixing,YAO Liangzhong,et al.Generic averaged value models for two-level VSC and MMC[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(12):138.
[2]蒋冠前,李志勇,杨慧霞,等.柔性直流输电系统拓扑结构研究综述[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(15):145.JIANG Guanqian,LI Zhiyong,YANG Huixia,et al.Research review on topological structure of flexible HVDC system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(15):145.
[3]NGUYEN T H,LEE D C,KIM C K.A series-connected topology of a diode rectifier and a voltage-source converter for an HVDC transmission system[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2014,29(4):1579.
[4]DEBNATH S,QIN J,BAHRANI B,et al.Operation,control,and applications of the modular multilevel converter:a review[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,30(1):37.
[5]徐殿国,刘瑜超,武健.多端直流输电系统控制研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(17):1.XU Dianguo,LIU Yuchao,WU Jian.Review on control strategies of multi-terminal direct current transmission system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(17):1.
[6]EGEA-ALVAREZ A,BIANCHI F,JUNYENT-FERRE A,et al.Voltage control of multi-terminal VSC-HVDC transmission systems for offshore wind power plants:design and implementation in a scaled platform[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2013,60(6):2381.
[7]杨堤,程浩忠,姚良忠,等.多端直流输电接入下的交直流混联系统电压稳定性研究综述[J].电网技术,2015,39(8):2201.YANG Di,CHENG Haozhong,YAO Liangzhong,et al.Research review on AC/DC hybrid system with multi-terminal HVDC[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(8):2201.
[8]Mantoba HVDC Research Center.PSCAD/EMTDC users’manual[M].Winnipeg,Manitoba,Canada:Manitoba HVDC Center Research,2003.
[9]MORREN J,HAAN S W H,BAUER P,et al.Comparison of complete and reduced models of a wind turbine with doubly-fed induction generator[C]//Proc.10th Eur.Conf.Power Electronics Applications,2003.
[10]KO H S,YOON G G,KYUNG N H,et al.Modeling and control of DFIG-based variable-speed wind-turbine[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2008,78(11):1841.
[11]SLOOTWEG J G,POLINDER H,KLING W L.Representing wind turbine electrical generating systems in fundamental frequency simulations[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2003,18(4):516.
[12]吴杰,王志新,王国强,等.电压源型直流输电换流站系统中电网侧换流站的反步法控制[J].控制理论与应用,2013,30(11):1408.WU Jie,WANG Zhixin,WANG Guoqiang,et al.Backstepping control for voltage source converter-high voltage direct current grid side converter[J].Control Theory&Applications,2013,30(11):1408.
[13]孙文博.多端柔性直流输电系统及控制策略研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2012.
[14]伍家驹,王文婷,李学勇.单相SPWM逆变桥输出电压的谐波分析[J].电力自动化设备,2008,28(4):45.WU Jiaju,WANG Wenting,LI xueyong.Output voltage harmonics analysis of single-phase SPWM inverter bridge[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2008,28(4):45.
[15]付媛,王毅,张祥宇,等.多端电压源型直流系统的功率协调控制技术[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(9):130.FU Yuan,WANG Yi,ZHANG Xiangyu,et al.Coordinated power control of VSC-MTDC system[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(9):130.
[16]CHAUDHURI N R,MAJUMDER R,CHAUDHURI B,et al.Stability analysis of VSC MTDC grids connected to multi-machine AC systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2011,26(4):2774.
[17]陈谦,唐国庆,潘诗锋.采用多点直流电压控制方式的VSC多端直流输电系统[J].电力自动化设备,2004,24(5):10.CHEN Qian,TANG Guoqing,PAN Shifeng,VSC-MTDC using muti-terminal DC voltage control scheme[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2004,24(5):10.
[18]汪璐,邵如平,王雅璐.基于海上大型风电场VSC-HVDC系统电网侧控制器的设计[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(17):107.WANG Lu,SHAO Ruping,WANG Yalu.Grid side controller design of VSC-HVDC system based on large offshore wind farm[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(17):107.
[19]黄晟,王辉,廖武,等.基于VSC-HVDC串并联拓扑结构风电场协调控制策略研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(23):155.HUANG Sheng,WANG Hui,LIAO Wu,et al.The coordinated control strategy based on VSC-HVDC series-parallel topology in wind farm[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(23):155.
[20]MOAWWAD A,MOURSI E,SHAWKY M,et al.Novel configuration and transient management control strategy for VSC-HVDC[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2014,29(5):2478.
[21]熊凌飞,韩民晓.基于组合方式的多端柔性直流输电系统控制策略[J].电网技术,2015,39(6):1586.XIONG Lingfei,HAN Minxiao.A novel combined control strategy for VSC-MTDC[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(6):1586.
[22]陈实,朱瑞可,李兴源,等.基于VSC-MTDC的风电场并网控制策略研究[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2014,46(2):147.CHEN Shi,ZHU Ruike,LI Xingyuan,et al.Research on control strategy for interconnection of wind farms by VSC-MTDC[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Engineering Science Edition),2014,46(2):147.
[23]周诗嘉,林卫星,姚良忠,等.两电平VSC与MMC通用型平均值仿真模型[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(12):138.ZHOU Shijia,LIN Weixing,YAO Liangzhong,et al.Generic averaged value models for two-level VSC and MMC[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(12):138.