多部X波段天气雷达测量偏差分布及组网拼图结果分析
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摘要
在与附近新一代天气雷达对比的基础上,利用自2013年6月起中国科学院大气物理研究所的三部X波段天气雷达在江苏开展了组网观测试验的观测资料,初步对雷达的探测能力和雨区衰减做了分析和订正,同时使用了中国气象科学研究院三维组网系统,将X波段天气雷达与业务雷达资料组网,探索了X波段天气雷达的对业务雷达的补充效果。结果表明:(1)X波段天气雷达的观测数据分别受到了地物回波、遮挡及雨区衰减的影响,已对基数据做了初步的质量控制;(2)通过回波结构和廓线图的对比,经地物抑制、衰减汀正等方法质控后的数据存一定范围内具有较高的可靠性,同时三部X波段天气雷达能够有效探测到60 km内的降水结构,其回波分布较为合理,准确的反映了降水区域的特征;(3)将三部X波段天气雷达观测资料与业务中的新一代天气雷达组网后,得到了结构连续、分布更广、平滑作用更低的资料,补充了新一代天气雷达的低空盲区。
Three X band weather radar developed by Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences was the first time used to the multi-radar network test in Jiangsu province from June,2013.Based on the observation data from this network and nearby CINRAD,the detecting capability of X band Doppler radar is analyzed and its attenuation bias is corrected.Through 3D mosaics system from Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science,the networking data is used to explore the operational supplement of X band weather radar for CINRAD.Results indicated that:(1) the ground clutter,blockage,and attenuation have negative effect on the data quality of X band Doppler radar,and preliminary quality control has been applied.(2) From the contrast of echo structures and vertical profiles,the X band radar data is improved through the quality-control method of ground clutter suppression and attenuation correction.And this radar network including 3 radars can get rational precipitation echoes within 60 km,and reflect the precipitation characteristic exactly.(3) After inputting X band radar network and CINRAD data into 3D mosaics system,the echo structure of output data is continuous,with lower smoothing effect and wider radar coverage.The X band radar could be an efficient supplement for CINRAD at low altitude.
Three X band weather radar developed by Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences was the first time used to the multi-radar network test in Jiangsu province from June,2013.Based on the observation data from this network and nearby CINRAD,the detecting capability of X band Doppler radar is analyzed and its attenuation bias is corrected.Through 3D mosaics system from Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science,the networking data is used to explore the operational supplement of X band weather radar for CINRAD.Results indicated that:(1) the ground clutter,blockage,and attenuation have negative effect on the data quality of X band Doppler radar,and preliminary quality control has been applied.(2) From the contrast of echo structures and vertical profiles,the X band radar data is improved through the quality-control method of ground clutter suppression and attenuation correction.And this radar network including 3 radars can get rational precipitation echoes within 60 km,and reflect the precipitation characteristic exactly.(3) After inputting X band radar network and CINRAD data into 3D mosaics system,the echo structure of output data is continuous,with lower smoothing effect and wider radar coverage.The X band radar could be an efficient supplement for CINRAD at low altitude.
引文
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Junyent F.2007.Networked weather radar system using coherent on receive technology[M].ProQuest:6184.
Kato A,Maki M.2009.Localized heavy rainfall Near Zoshigaya,Tokyo,Japan on 5 August 2008 observed by X-band polarimetric radar preliminary analysis[J].Scientific Online Letters on the Atmosphere Sola,5(1):89-92.
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Snook N,Xue M,Jung Y.2011.Analysis of a tornadic mesoscale convective vortex based on ensemble Kalman filter assimilation of CASA X-band and WSR-88D radar data[J].Mon Wea Rev.139(11):3446-3468.
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Wang Y,Chandrasekar V.2010.Quantitative precipitation estimation in the CASA X-band dual-polarization radar network[J].J Atmos Ocean Technol,27(10):1665-1676.
陈晓辉,曹俊武,胡志群,等.2010.车载X波段双线偏振多普勒天气雷达及其数据处理系统[J].气象,36(8):116-125.Chen Xiaohui,Cao Junwu,HuZhiqun,et al.2010.X-Band polarimetric doppler radar on wheel and its data processing system[J].Meteor Mon,36(8):116-125.
何宇翔,吕达仁,肖辉,等.2009.X波段双线极化雷达反射率的衰减订正[J].大气科学,33(5):1027-1037.He Yuxiang,L(u|¨)Daren,Xiao Hui,et al.2009.Attenuation correction of reflectivity for X-band dual polarization radar[J].Chinese J Atmos Sci,33(5):1027-1037.
胡志群,刘黎平,楚荣忠,等.2008.X波段双线偏振雷达不同衰减订正方法对比及其对降水估测影响研究[J].气象学报,66(2):251-261.Hu Zhiqun,Liu Liping,Chu Rongzhong,et al.2008.Comparison of different attenuation correction methods and their effects on estimated rainfall using X-Band dual linear polarimetric radar[J].Acta Meteor Sinica,66(2):251-261.
金永利,马建立,康玉霞,等.2008.车载X波段雷达对人工消云减雨作业效果初步分析[J].气象,34(1):153-155.Jin Yongli,Ma Jianli,KangYuxia,et al.2008.Preliminary analysis on weather modification results with X-band mobile radar[J].Meteor Mon,34(1):153-155.
李柏,古庆同,李瑞义,等.2013.新一代天气雷达灾害性天气监测能力分析及末来发展[J].气象,39(3):265-280.Li Bai,Gu Qingtong,Li Ruiyi,et al.2013.Analyses on disastrous weather monitoring capability of cinrad and future development[J].Meteor Mon,39(3):265-280.
刘宝君,宋志龙,毛建平.2008.车载X波段雷达业务运行初探[J].气象,34(增刊1):299-300.Liu Baojun,Song Zhilong,Mao Jianping.2008.Analysis on the operational observation of X-band weather radar[J].Meteor Mon,34(suppl):299-300.
刘俊,黄兴友,何雨芩,等.2015.X波段相控阵气象雷达回波数据的对比分析[J].高原气象,34(4):1167-1176.Liu Jun,Huang Xingyou,He Yuqin,et al.2015.Comparative analysis of X-band phased array antenna weather radar measurements[J].Plateau Meteor,34(4):1167-1176.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2014.00043.
刘黎平,牟容,许小永,等.2007.一次飑线过程的动力和微物理结构及滴谱变化对降水估测的影响研究[J].气象学报,65(4):601-611.Liu Liping,Mu Rong,Xu Xiaoyong,et al.2007.Dynamic and microphysical structures of a squall line system and effects of rain drop size distribution on precipitation[J].Acta Meteor Sinica,65(4):601-611.
马建立,何晖,金永利,等.2008.用X波段双偏振雷达资料对一次人工消减雨效果的分析[J].气象,34:150-152.Ma Jianli,He Hui,Jin Yongli,et al.2008.Efficiency of a weather modification case using the X-band polarimetric weather radar[J].Meteor Mon.34(1):150-152.
马学谦,董万胜,楚荣忠,等.2008.X波段双偏振多普勒天气雷达降雨估算试验[J].高原气象,27(2):382-391.Ma Xueqian,Dong Wansheng,Chu Rongzhong,et al.2008.Experiment of rainfall estimation using X-Band dual-polarized doppler weather radar[J].Plateau Meteor,27(2):382-391.
史朝,何建新,李学华,等.2013.X波段天气雷达地物回波的双偏振参量特征分析及应用[J].高原气象,32(5):1478-1484.Shi Zhao,He Jianxin,Li Xuehua,et al.2013.Analysis and application of dual-polarization parameters about ground clutter from X-Band weather radar[J].Plateau Meteor,32(5):1478-1484.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2012.00137.
苏德斌,马建立,张蔷,等.2011.X波段双线偏振雷达冰雹识别初步研究[J].气象,37(10):1228-1232.Su Debin,Ma Jianli,Zhang Qiang,et al.2011.Preliminary research on method of hail detection with X Band dual linear polarization radar[J].Meteor Mon,37(10):1228-1232.
吴翀,刘黎平,张志强.2014.S波段相控阵天气雷达与新一代多普勒天气雷达定量对比方法及其初步应用[J].气象学报,72(2):390-401.Wu Chong,Liu Liping,Zhang Zhiqiang.2014.Quantitative comparison algorithm between the S-band phased array radar and the CINRAD/SA and its preliminary application[J].Acta Meteor Sinica,72(2):390-401.
吴林林,刘黎平,郑媛嫒,等.2014.基于SWAN的冰雹探测算法研究[J].高原气象,33(3):823-831.Wu Linlin,Liu Liping,Zheng Yuanyuan,et al.2014.Study of hail detection algorithm based on SWAN system[J].Plateau Meteor,33(3):823-831.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2012.00037.
吴志根,杨礼敏,王勤典,等.2010.移动X波段双线偏振多普勒气象雷达及其关键技术分析[J].气象,36(8):126-133.Wu Zhigen,Yang Limin,Wang Qindian,et al.2010.X-Band mobile dual-polarized doppler weather radar and analysis of several key techniques adopted[J].Meteor Mon,36(8):126-133.
肖艳姣,刘黎平.2006.新一代天气雷达网资料的三维格点化及拼图方法研究[J].气象学报,64(5):647-657.Xiao Yanjiao,Liu Liping.2006.Study of methods for interpolating data from weather radar network to 3-D grid and mosaics[J].Acta Meteor Sinica,64(5):647-657.
肖艳姣,王斌,陈晓辉,等.2012.移动X波段双线偏振多普勒天气雷达差分相位数据质量控制[J].高原气象,31(1):223-230.Xiao Yanjiao,Wang Bin,Chen Xiaohui,et al.2012.Differential phase data quality control of mobile X-Band dual-polarimetric doppler weather radar[J].Plateau Meteor,31(1):223-230.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2013.00136.
Junyent F,Chandrasekar V,McLaughlin D,et al.2010.The CASA Integrated Project 1 networked radar system[J].J Atmos Ocean Technol,27(1):61-78.
Junyent F,Chandrasekar V.2009.Theory and characterization of weather radar networks[J].J Atmos Ocean Technol,26(3):474-491.
Junyent F.2007.Networked weather radar system using coherent on receive technology[M].ProQuest:6184.
Kato A,Maki M.2009.Localized heavy rainfall Near Zoshigaya,Tokyo,Japan on 5 August 2008 observed by X-band polarimetric radar preliminary analysis[J].Scientific Online Letters on the Atmosphere Sola,5(1):89-92.
Maki M,Iwanami K,Misumi R,et al.2005.Semi-operational rainfall observations with X-band multi-parameter radar[J].Atmos Sci Lett,6(1):12-18.
Maki M,MaesakaT,Kato A,et al.2010.X-band polarimetric radar networks in Urban Areas[C]//Proceeding of the 6~(th)European Conference on Radar in Meteorology and Hydrology.
Maki M,Maesaka T,Misumi R,et al.2008.X-band polarimetric radar network in the Tokyo metropolitan area-X-NET[C].Proceeding of the 5~(th)European Conference on Radar in Meteorology and Hydrology.
Schenkman AD,Xue M,Shapiro A,et al.2011.The analysis and prediction of the 8-9 May 2007 Oklahoma tomadic mesoscale convective system by assimilating WSR-88D and CASA radar data using 3DVAR[J].MonWeaRev,139(1):224-246.
Snook N,Xue M,Jung Y.2011.Analysis of a tornadic mesoscale convective vortex based on ensemble Kalman filter assimilation of CASA X-band and WSR-88D radar data[J].Mon Wea Rev.139(11):3446-3468.
Snook N,Xue M,Jung Y.2012.Ensemble probabilistic forecasts of a tornadic mesoscale convective system from ensemble Kalman filter analyses using WSR-88D and CASA radar data[J].Mon Wea Rev,140(7):2126-2146.
Wang Y,Chandrasekar V.2010.Quantitative precipitation estimation in the CASA X-band dual-polarization radar network[J].J Atmos Ocean Technol,27(10):1665-1676.
陈晓辉,曹俊武,胡志群,等.2010.车载X波段双线偏振多普勒天气雷达及其数据处理系统[J].气象,36(8):116-125.Chen Xiaohui,Cao Junwu,HuZhiqun,et al.2010.X-Band polarimetric doppler radar on wheel and its data processing system[J].Meteor Mon,36(8):116-125.
何宇翔,吕达仁,肖辉,等.2009.X波段双线极化雷达反射率的衰减订正[J].大气科学,33(5):1027-1037.He Yuxiang,L(u|¨)Daren,Xiao Hui,et al.2009.Attenuation correction of reflectivity for X-band dual polarization radar[J].Chinese J Atmos Sci,33(5):1027-1037.
胡志群,刘黎平,楚荣忠,等.2008.X波段双线偏振雷达不同衰减订正方法对比及其对降水估测影响研究[J].气象学报,66(2):251-261.Hu Zhiqun,Liu Liping,Chu Rongzhong,et al.2008.Comparison of different attenuation correction methods and their effects on estimated rainfall using X-Band dual linear polarimetric radar[J].Acta Meteor Sinica,66(2):251-261.
金永利,马建立,康玉霞,等.2008.车载X波段雷达对人工消云减雨作业效果初步分析[J].气象,34(1):153-155.Jin Yongli,Ma Jianli,KangYuxia,et al.2008.Preliminary analysis on weather modification results with X-band mobile radar[J].Meteor Mon,34(1):153-155.
李柏,古庆同,李瑞义,等.2013.新一代天气雷达灾害性天气监测能力分析及末来发展[J].气象,39(3):265-280.Li Bai,Gu Qingtong,Li Ruiyi,et al.2013.Analyses on disastrous weather monitoring capability of cinrad and future development[J].Meteor Mon,39(3):265-280.
刘宝君,宋志龙,毛建平.2008.车载X波段雷达业务运行初探[J].气象,34(增刊1):299-300.Liu Baojun,Song Zhilong,Mao Jianping.2008.Analysis on the operational observation of X-band weather radar[J].Meteor Mon,34(suppl):299-300.
刘俊,黄兴友,何雨芩,等.2015.X波段相控阵气象雷达回波数据的对比分析[J].高原气象,34(4):1167-1176.Liu Jun,Huang Xingyou,He Yuqin,et al.2015.Comparative analysis of X-band phased array antenna weather radar measurements[J].Plateau Meteor,34(4):1167-1176.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2014.00043.
刘黎平,牟容,许小永,等.2007.一次飑线过程的动力和微物理结构及滴谱变化对降水估测的影响研究[J].气象学报,65(4):601-611.Liu Liping,Mu Rong,Xu Xiaoyong,et al.2007.Dynamic and microphysical structures of a squall line system and effects of rain drop size distribution on precipitation[J].Acta Meteor Sinica,65(4):601-611.
马建立,何晖,金永利,等.2008.用X波段双偏振雷达资料对一次人工消减雨效果的分析[J].气象,34:150-152.Ma Jianli,He Hui,Jin Yongli,et al.2008.Efficiency of a weather modification case using the X-band polarimetric weather radar[J].Meteor Mon.34(1):150-152.
马学谦,董万胜,楚荣忠,等.2008.X波段双偏振多普勒天气雷达降雨估算试验[J].高原气象,27(2):382-391.Ma Xueqian,Dong Wansheng,Chu Rongzhong,et al.2008.Experiment of rainfall estimation using X-Band dual-polarized doppler weather radar[J].Plateau Meteor,27(2):382-391.
史朝,何建新,李学华,等.2013.X波段天气雷达地物回波的双偏振参量特征分析及应用[J].高原气象,32(5):1478-1484.Shi Zhao,He Jianxin,Li Xuehua,et al.2013.Analysis and application of dual-polarization parameters about ground clutter from X-Band weather radar[J].Plateau Meteor,32(5):1478-1484.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2012.00137.
苏德斌,马建立,张蔷,等.2011.X波段双线偏振雷达冰雹识别初步研究[J].气象,37(10):1228-1232.Su Debin,Ma Jianli,Zhang Qiang,et al.2011.Preliminary research on method of hail detection with X Band dual linear polarization radar[J].Meteor Mon,37(10):1228-1232.
吴翀,刘黎平,张志强.2014.S波段相控阵天气雷达与新一代多普勒天气雷达定量对比方法及其初步应用[J].气象学报,72(2):390-401.Wu Chong,Liu Liping,Zhang Zhiqiang.2014.Quantitative comparison algorithm between the S-band phased array radar and the CINRAD/SA and its preliminary application[J].Acta Meteor Sinica,72(2):390-401.
吴林林,刘黎平,郑媛嫒,等.2014.基于SWAN的冰雹探测算法研究[J].高原气象,33(3):823-831.Wu Linlin,Liu Liping,Zheng Yuanyuan,et al.2014.Study of hail detection algorithm based on SWAN system[J].Plateau Meteor,33(3):823-831.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2012.00037.
吴志根,杨礼敏,王勤典,等.2010.移动X波段双线偏振多普勒气象雷达及其关键技术分析[J].气象,36(8):126-133.Wu Zhigen,Yang Limin,Wang Qindian,et al.2010.X-Band mobile dual-polarized doppler weather radar and analysis of several key techniques adopted[J].Meteor Mon,36(8):126-133.
肖艳姣,刘黎平.2006.新一代天气雷达网资料的三维格点化及拼图方法研究[J].气象学报,64(5):647-657.Xiao Yanjiao,Liu Liping.2006.Study of methods for interpolating data from weather radar network to 3-D grid and mosaics[J].Acta Meteor Sinica,64(5):647-657.
肖艳姣,王斌,陈晓辉,等.2012.移动X波段双线偏振多普勒天气雷达差分相位数据质量控制[J].高原气象,31(1):223-230.Xiao Yanjiao,Wang Bin,Chen Xiaohui,et al.2012.Differential phase data quality control of mobile X-Band dual-polarimetric doppler weather radar[J].Plateau Meteor,31(1):223-230.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2013.00136.