渗透率应力敏感实验假象剖析
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摘要
储层渗透率的应力敏感问题是近年来石油工程领域的研究热点之一。应力敏感研究主要依靠实验测试,根据实验结果,"低渗透储层存在强应力敏感,且岩石渗透率越低,应力敏感性越强"的观点得到广泛认同。文中通过深入分析有效应力理论和微间隙对实验结果的影响,对应力敏感实验假象进行了全面剖析。对比不同的有效应力理论发现,实验研究过程中错误选用Terzaghi有效应力,放大了岩石渗透率的应力敏感性。定性分析微间隙的影响,并结合定量计算,发现微间隙对渗透率的测试结果及变化规律具有重要影响。渗透率越低,微间隙的影响作用越大,微间隙是造成岩石应力敏感性被高估的重要原因。理论研究结果否定了"岩石渗透率越低,应力敏感性越强"的观点;定量计算结果表明,低渗透储层不存在强应力敏感。
Stress sensitivity of reservoir permeability is one of the hot topics in petroleum engineering in recent years. Stress sensitivity research mainly depends on experimental testing. According to the experimental results, the viewpoint of "strong stress sensitivity in low permeability reservoirs, and the lower the permeability, the stronger the stress sensitivity" has been widely accepted. Through in-depth analysis of the effective stress theory and the effect of micro-gap on the experimental results, the stresssensitive experimental illusion was analyzed comprehensively. Compared with different effective stress theories, Terzaghi effective stress was chosen incorrectly in the experimental study, which enlarged the stress sensitivity. Qualitative analysis and quantitative calculation show that micro-gaps have an important influence on the permeability test results and change rules. The lower the permeability, the greater the effect, micro-gaps are the important reasons for the overestimation of stress sensitivity. The theoretical research results negate "the lower the rock permeability, the stronger the stress sensitivity". The quantitative calculation results show that there is no strong stress sensitivity in low permeability reservoirs.
Stress sensitivity of reservoir permeability is one of the hot topics in petroleum engineering in recent years. Stress sensitivity research mainly depends on experimental testing. According to the experimental results, the viewpoint of "strong stress sensitivity in low permeability reservoirs, and the lower the permeability, the stronger the stress sensitivity" has been widely accepted. Through in-depth analysis of the effective stress theory and the effect of micro-gap on the experimental results, the stresssensitive experimental illusion was analyzed comprehensively. Compared with different effective stress theories, Terzaghi effective stress was chosen incorrectly in the experimental study, which enlarged the stress sensitivity. Qualitative analysis and quantitative calculation show that micro-gaps have an important influence on the permeability test results and change rules. The lower the permeability, the greater the effect, micro-gaps are the important reasons for the overestimation of stress sensitivity. The theoretical research results negate "the lower the rock permeability, the stronger the stress sensitivity". The quantitative calculation results show that there is no strong stress sensitivity in low permeability reservoirs.
引文
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[11]黄小亮,李继强,雷登生,等.应力敏感性对低渗透气井产能的影响[J].断块油气田,2014,21(6):786-789.
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[18]李传亮.有效应力概念的误用[J].天然气工业,2008,28(10):130-132.
[19]高涛,郭肖,刘剑宁,等.特低渗透岩心应力敏感实验[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2014,33(4):87-90.
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[23]李传亮.油藏工程原理[M].2版.北京:石油工业出版社,2011:48-51.
[24]李传亮.孔隙度校正缺乏理论依据[J].新疆石油地质,2003,24(3):254-256.
[25]李传亮.岩石本体变形过程中的孔隙度不变性原则[J].新疆石油地质,2005,26(6):732-734.
[2] XU C Y,LIN C,KANG Y L,et al. An experimental study on porosity and permeability stress-sensitive behavior of sandstone under hydrostatic compression:characteristics,mechanisms and controlling factors[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2018,51(8):2321-2338.
[3]李传亮,朱苏阳.关于应力敏感测试方法的认识误区[J].岩性油气藏,2015,27(6):1-4.
[4]傅春梅,唐海,邹一锋,等.应力敏感对苏里格致密低渗气井废弃压力及采收率的影响研究[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(4):96-98.
[5]姜宇玲,关富佳,胡海燕.川东龙马溪组页岩应力敏感实验研究[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2016,31(6):80-86.
[6]肖曾利,蒲春生,秦文龙.低渗砂岩油藏压力敏感性实验[J].断块油气田,2008,15(2):47-48.
[7]杨彬,侯大力,龙刚,等.低渗透储层应力敏感实验研究及应用[J].油气藏评价与开发,2012,2(5):41-45.
[8]谢雅西,蔡立峰,吴颖惠,等.金页1井储层岩石应力敏感研究[J].石油化工应用,2016,35(10):29-32.
[9]李明军,马勇新,李红东,等.海上异常高压低渗透气藏应力敏感实验研究[J].钻采工艺,2014,37(1):88-90.
[10]王永政,张嵘,宋付权.消除滑脱效应的致密砂岩储层应力敏感评价[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(17):221-225.
[11]黄小亮,李继强,雷登生,等.应力敏感性对低渗透气井产能的影响[J].断块油气田,2014,21(6):786-789.
[12]郭为,熊伟,高树生.页岩气藏应力敏感效应实验研究[J].特种油气藏,2012,19(1):95-97.
[13]油气田开发专业标准化委员会.储层敏感性流动实验评价方法:SY/T 5358—2010[S].北京:石油工业出版社,2010:15-18.
[14]耶格J C,库克N G W.岩石力学基础[M].中国科学院力学研究所,译.北京:科学出版社,1981:253-276.
[15] BIOT M A. General theory of three-dimensional consolidation[J].Journal of Applied Physics,1941,12(2):155-164.
[16]李传亮,孔祥言,徐献芝,等.多孔介质的双重有效应力[J].自然杂志,1999,21(5):288-291.
[17]李传亮.关于双重有效应力:回应洪亮博士[J].新疆石油地质,2015,36(2):238-243.
[18]李传亮.有效应力概念的误用[J].天然气工业,2008,28(10):130-132.
[19]高涛,郭肖,刘剑宁,等.特低渗透岩心应力敏感实验[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2014,33(4):87-90.
[20]徐芝纶.弹性力学[M].4版.北京:高等教育出版社,2006:202-204.
[21]陈颙,黄庭芳,刘恩儒.岩石物理学[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2009:31-36.
[22]何更生,唐海.油层物理[M].2版.北京:石油工业出版社,2011:75-78.
[23]李传亮.油藏工程原理[M].2版.北京:石油工业出版社,2011:48-51.
[24]李传亮.孔隙度校正缺乏理论依据[J].新疆石油地质,2003,24(3):254-256.
[25]李传亮.岩石本体变形过程中的孔隙度不变性原则[J].新疆石油地质,2005,26(6):732-734.