2012-2017年乌海市哨点医院流感样病例监测结果分析
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摘要
目的分析2012-2017年乌海市流行性感冒的分布特征,为乌海市流感防控工作提供科学依据。方法收集2012-2017年乌海市流感监测系统哨点医院流感样病例(ILI)监测资料、流感病毒监测结果等资料,并进行分析。结果 2012-2017年哨点医院共上报ILI病例7 921例,占门急诊总病例数的0.85%;ILI各年龄组构成有统计学意义(■=341.53,P<0.001),以≤15岁的儿童、青少年为主(81.59%)。核酸检测ILI咽拭子样本3 137份,阳性数为525,阳性率为16.74%。流感病毒分型以季H3亚型(37.14%)、B(Y)亚型(30.09%)、新甲H_1亚型(20.57%)为主。结论 2012-2017年乌海市ILI占门诊就诊比例与其他城市相比结果偏低;流感高发季节在冬春季;在2012年4月-2014年3月以季H_3亚型和新甲H_1亚型交替流行为主,在2014年4月-2017年3月以季H_3亚型流行为主,15岁以下儿童是流感预防的重点人群。
Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of influenza in Wuhai City from 2012 to 2017,and to formulate programs to prevent and control the disease.Methods The surveillance data,virus type of influenza-like illnesses(ILI)in Wuhai City from 2012 to 2017 were collected for analysis.Results A total of 7 921 ILI cases were reported by the surveillance hospitals from 2012 to 2017,accounting for 0.85% of the total outpatients.The composition of ILI in all age groups was statistically significant(■=341.53,P<0.001),and children and adolescents≤15 years old were the main groups(81.59%).A total of 3 137 specimens of ILI cases were detected by real-time RT-PCR,and 525 were tested positive,with a rate of 16.74%.During five years,three subtypes H_3,BY,H_1 were identified,accounted for 37.14%,30.09% and 20.57%,respectively.Conclusion From 2012 to 2017,the proportion of ILI in outpatient clinics in Wuhai was lower than that in other cities.The influenza activity showed an obvious peak in winter and spring.From April 2012 to March 2014,the seasonal H_3 subtype and the new H_1 subtype were mainly epidemics,and from April 2014 to March 2017,the seasonal H_3 subtype was dominant.The children under the age of 15 was the key population for prevention of influenza.
Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of influenza in Wuhai City from 2012 to 2017,and to formulate programs to prevent and control the disease.Methods The surveillance data,virus type of influenza-like illnesses(ILI)in Wuhai City from 2012 to 2017 were collected for analysis.Results A total of 7 921 ILI cases were reported by the surveillance hospitals from 2012 to 2017,accounting for 0.85% of the total outpatients.The composition of ILI in all age groups was statistically significant(■=341.53,P<0.001),and children and adolescents≤15 years old were the main groups(81.59%).A total of 3 137 specimens of ILI cases were detected by real-time RT-PCR,and 525 were tested positive,with a rate of 16.74%.During five years,three subtypes H_3,BY,H_1 were identified,accounted for 37.14%,30.09% and 20.57%,respectively.Conclusion From 2012 to 2017,the proportion of ILI in outpatient clinics in Wuhai was lower than that in other cities.The influenza activity showed an obvious peak in winter and spring.From April 2012 to March 2014,the seasonal H_3 subtype and the new H_1 subtype were mainly epidemics,and from April 2014 to March 2017,the seasonal H_3 subtype was dominant.The children under the age of 15 was the key population for prevention of influenza.
引文
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[2] 中国疾病预防控制中心.全国流感监测技术指南(2017年版)[EB/OL].[2019-01-17].http://www.chinaivdc.cn/cnic/fascc/201802/t20180202_158592.htm.
[3] 曹海霞,张玲,王玲,等.2013-2016年淄博市流感监测分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(7):1308-1311.
[4] 宋绍霞,王宇路,张圣洋,等.2009-2012年山东省流感样病例流行病学及病原学特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2014,41(19):3466-3469.
[5] 阴媛.2006-2011年长春市流感监测情况分析[D].长春:吉林大学,2012.
[6] 张烨,李梓,郭俊峰,等.中国2000-2001年流行性感冒流行概况[J].中华流行病学杂志,2003,24(1):10-14.
[7] 温雯,马建新,黄立勇,等.2015-2016年北京市朝阳区流感流行特征及病原学分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2017,21(1):8-12.
[8] 陈健,蔡华,袁政安,等.2009年上海市甲型H1N1流感大流行的特征分析[J].复旦学报:医学版,2011(2):121-125.
[9] 蒋立立,王宁,李剑军.桂林市2015-2016年流感监测结果分析[J].应用预防医学,2018,24(3):178-180,184.