10 MW高速实心转子感应电动机损耗计算与温升分析
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摘要
不同于普通电机,大型高速实心转子感应电动机需解决由于结构紧凑、电压谐波多而带来的散热面积小、损耗密度大、温升过高等关键问题。以一台10 MW、10 000 r/min的鼠笼实心转子感应电动机为例,建立了适用于高速、高频损耗计算的电磁场有限元模型,对变频器供电情况下高速电动机的定子高频铜耗、铁耗和实心转子涡流损耗、表面风摩损耗进行了深入分析与计算;在此基础上,对电动机三维全域稳态温度场进行了有限元建模与计算,得到了电动机额定工况下各部件温升的大小与分布规律;最后,对冷却系统结构和参数以及变频器控制参数等影响电动机温升的因素进行了分析,并提出了降低温升的改进建议,为兆瓦级高速实心转子感应电动机的研制提供了参考。
Different from the ordinary motors,large high-speed solid rotor induction motors need to solve the key problems such as small cooling area,large loss density and high temperature rise due to the compact structure and abundant voltage harmonics. A 10 MW,10 000 r/min squirrel cage solid rotor induction motor was taken into account and its electromagnetic field finite element model suitable for highspeed high-frequency loss calculation was established. The stator high frequency copper loss and iron loss,the solid rotor eddy current loss and air friction loss of the motor under the inverter supply condition were analyzed and calculated. Furthermore,the 3 D finite element model of whole domain steady state temperature field was built and calculated,the temperature rise distribution of the motor components under the rated conditions was obtained. Finally,the factors such as the structure and parameters of thecooling system and the control parameters of the inverter which affect the motor's temperature rise were analyzed and the improving suggestions for reducing the temperature rise were proposed. The results provide references for the successful development of megawatt high-speed solid rotor induction motor.
Different from the ordinary motors,large high-speed solid rotor induction motors need to solve the key problems such as small cooling area,large loss density and high temperature rise due to the compact structure and abundant voltage harmonics. A 10 MW,10 000 r/min squirrel cage solid rotor induction motor was taken into account and its electromagnetic field finite element model suitable for highspeed high-frequency loss calculation was established. The stator high frequency copper loss and iron loss,the solid rotor eddy current loss and air friction loss of the motor under the inverter supply condition were analyzed and calculated. Furthermore,the 3 D finite element model of whole domain steady state temperature field was built and calculated,the temperature rise distribution of the motor components under the rated conditions was obtained. Finally,the factors such as the structure and parameters of thecooling system and the control parameters of the inverter which affect the motor's temperature rise were analyzed and the improving suggestions for reducing the temperature rise were proposed. The results provide references for the successful development of megawatt high-speed solid rotor induction motor.
引文
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[15]江友华,曹以龙,龚幼民.基于载波相移角度的级联型多电平变频器输出性能的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(1):63.JIANG Youhua,CAO Yilong,GONG Youmin. Research on the cascade multilevel inverter based on different carrier phase-shifted angle[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(1):63.
[2]张凤阁,杜光辉,王天煜,等.高速电机发展与设计综述[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(7):1.ZHANG Fengge,DU Guanghui,WANG Tianyu,et al. Review on development and design of high speed machines[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(7):1.
[3] JUHA P. High-speed,8MW,solid-rotor induction motor for gas compression[C]//International Conference on Electrical Machines,2008:1-6.
[4] HARTMUT W,AXEL M,MARIA B. Asynchronous solid rotors as high-speed drives in the megawatt range[C]//IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Technical Conference,2007:1-8.
[5]邹继斌,江善林,梁维燕.考虑邻近效应的高速永磁无刷电机交流损耗[J].电机与控制学报,2010,14(5):49.ZOU Jibin,JIANG Shanlin,LIANG Weiyan. AC loss in a high speed BLPM motor considering proximity effect[J]. Electric Machines and Control,2010,14(5):49.
[6] REDDY P B,ZHU Z Q,HAN S H,et al. Strand-level proximity losses in pm machines designed for high-speed operation[C]//2008 International Conference on Electrical Machines,2008:1-6.
[7] JOKSIMOVIC G,BINDER A. Additional no-load losses in inverterfed high-speed cage induction motors[J]. Electrical Engineering,2004,86(2):105.
[8]孔晓光,王凤翔,徐云龙,等.高速永磁电机铁耗的分析与计算[J].电机与控制学报,2010,14(9):26.KONG Xiaoguang,WANG Fengxiang,XU Yunlong,et al. Analysis and calculation of iron losses of high-speed permanent magnet machines[J]. Electric Machines and Control,2010,14(9):26.
[9]江善林,邹继斌,徐永向,等.考虑旋转磁通和趋肤效应的变系数铁耗计算模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(3):104.JIANG Sanlin,ZOU Jibin,XU Yongxiang,et al. Variable coefficient iron loss calculating model considering rotational flux and skin effect[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(3):104.
[10]王继强,王凤翔,孔晓光.高速永磁发电机的设计与电磁性能分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(20):105.WANG Jiqiang,WANG Fengxiang,KONG Xiaoguang. Design and analysis of electromagnetic properties for high speed PM generator[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(20):105.
[11] PAPINI L,GERADA C. Thermal-electromagnetic analysis of solid rotor induction machine[C]//7th IET International Conference on Power Electronics Machines and Drives,2014:8-10.
[12]杜灿勋,桂卫华,周光厚.大型全空冷水轮发电机定子线棒损耗和温度场综合计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(12):111.DU Canxun,GUI Weihua,ZHOU Guanghou. Excessive losses and temperature field calculation of stator coil bars in air-cooled large hydro-generators[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(12):111.
[13] ZHU J G,RAMSDEN V S. Two-dimensional measurement of magnetic field and core loss using a square specimen tester[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1993,29:2995.
[14]张凤阁,杜光辉,王天煜,等.兆瓦级高速永磁电机通风系统设计与转子表面风摩损耗研究[J].电机与控制学报,2014,18(2):50.ZHANG Fengge,DU Guanghui,WANG Tianyu. Ventilation system design and research on wind friction loss of rotor surface of MW high-speed permanent magnet motor[J]. Electric Machines and Control,2014,18(2):50.
[15]江友华,曹以龙,龚幼民.基于载波相移角度的级联型多电平变频器输出性能的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(1):63.JIANG Youhua,CAO Yilong,GONG Youmin. Research on the cascade multilevel inverter based on different carrier phase-shifted angle[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(1):63.