盾构法隧道管片用软木橡胶衬垫的研究
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摘要
软木橡胶衬垫是橡胶与软木复合材料,既具有软木的可压缩性,又具有橡胶的高弹性和柔软性,保护盾构法隧道管片免受损伤。本研究介绍软木橡胶衬垫的配方、工艺设计以及标准。配方研究结果表明:选用中高丙烯腈含量、中等门尼粘度丁腈橡胶与粒径为0.3~0.5 mm的软木粉效果最佳,添加二烷基硫脲促进剂可以提高硫化速率和交联程度且不喷霜,采用受阻酚防老剂WL效果优于常用的浅色防老剂;优选配方胶料性能达标,成本较低,工艺可行。生产工艺采用创新的密炼工艺。本研究提出了新的试验方法——《恒定形变下的压缩可恢复性和压缩应力试验方法》,并依据本研究试验结果制订了国家标准(GB/T 31061—2014)。
Cork-rubber gaskets are composites of rubber with cork,which not only have the compressibility of cork,but also have high elasticity and flexibility of rubber,and protect segmental tunnel lining for shield-driven tunnel from damage.In this study,the formulation and technology design and standard of cork-rubber gaskets of segmental tunnel lining for shield-driven tunnel were introduced.The formulation research results showed that,NBR with mid-high acrylonitrile content and moderate Mooney viscosity and cork powder with particles size of 0.3 ~ 0.5 mm were better choice.It was also found that the addition of dialkyl thiourea as accelerator could increase the speed and degree of crosslinking without blooming,and hindered phenol antioxidant WL was superior to conventional light-colored antioxidants in this formulation.The compound based on preferred formulations possessed the properties meeting the requirements of performance standards,had lower cost and could be produced by feasible manufacturing technology.The compounds were prepared by an innovative mixing process using the internal mixer.In this study,a new test method for compression recovery and compression stress at certain deformation was proposed.According to the test results of this study,a national standard(GB/T 31061—2014)was established.
Cork-rubber gaskets are composites of rubber with cork,which not only have the compressibility of cork,but also have high elasticity and flexibility of rubber,and protect segmental tunnel lining for shield-driven tunnel from damage.In this study,the formulation and technology design and standard of cork-rubber gaskets of segmental tunnel lining for shield-driven tunnel were introduced.The formulation research results showed that,NBR with mid-high acrylonitrile content and moderate Mooney viscosity and cork powder with particles size of 0.3 ~ 0.5 mm were better choice.It was also found that the addition of dialkyl thiourea as accelerator could increase the speed and degree of crosslinking without blooming,and hindered phenol antioxidant WL was superior to conventional light-colored antioxidants in this formulation.The compound based on preferred formulations possessed the properties meeting the requirements of performance standards,had lower cost and could be produced by feasible manufacturing technology.The compounds were prepared by an innovative mixing process using the internal mixer.In this study,a new test method for compression recovery and compression stress at certain deformation was proposed.According to the test results of this study,a national standard(GB/T 31061—2014)was established.
引文
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[10]HG/T 2812—2005.软木橡胶密封制品第一部分变压器及高压电器用[S].
[11]HG/T 2813—2005.软木橡胶密封制品第二部分机车车辆用[S].
[12]翁国文,张岩梅,叶美,等.软木粉对丁腈橡胶基本性能的影响[J].特种橡胶制品,2004,25(4):14-16.
[13]GB/T 31061—2014.盾构法隧道管片用软木橡胶衬垫[S].
[14]郝齐凤,雷亚芳.软木及其主要产品的耐候性研究[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(1):245-250.
[15]ISO 7322:2000.Composition Cork——Test Methods[S].
[16]GB/T 20671.2—2006.非金属垫片材料分类体系及试验方法第2部分垫片材料压缩率回弹率试验方法[S].
[2]朱祖熹.盾构法隧道管片防水材料及其应用三题[J].地下工程与隧道,2009(增刊):51-56.
[3]胡志远.软木橡胶摩擦片材料与成型技术(1)[J].摩托车技术,1997(8):11-13.
[4]胡志远.软木橡胶摩擦片材料与成型技术(2)[J].摩托车技术,1998(2):11-14.
[5]杜子伟.新型软木橡胶轨枕垫[J].林产化工通讯,1994,28(6):22-24.
[6]陆晓中,鲍浪.软木丁腈橡胶铁路混凝土轨枕弹性垫板[J].北京石油学院学报,1996,4(2):62-66.
[7]江虹.密封用软木橡胶制品配方研究[J].特种橡胶制品,1991,12(3):10-12.
[8]祝振鹏,祝海峰.变压器用橡胶密封制品的研制[J].特种橡胶制品,1993,14(1):34-36.
[9]谢苏江,蔡仁良.软木橡胶密封材料的研制[J].橡胶工业,1995,42(6):338-341,354.
[10]HG/T 2812—2005.软木橡胶密封制品第一部分变压器及高压电器用[S].
[11]HG/T 2813—2005.软木橡胶密封制品第二部分机车车辆用[S].
[12]翁国文,张岩梅,叶美,等.软木粉对丁腈橡胶基本性能的影响[J].特种橡胶制品,2004,25(4):14-16.
[13]GB/T 31061—2014.盾构法隧道管片用软木橡胶衬垫[S].
[14]郝齐凤,雷亚芳.软木及其主要产品的耐候性研究[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(1):245-250.
[15]ISO 7322:2000.Composition Cork——Test Methods[S].
[16]GB/T 20671.2—2006.非金属垫片材料分类体系及试验方法第2部分垫片材料压缩率回弹率试验方法[S].