PEG干旱胁迫对秦巴山区核桃‘清香’光合日变化的影响
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摘要
本研究通过人工喷施PEG6000模拟水分条件(CK, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%),测定核桃苗木‘清香’叶片蒸腾速率(Tr)、胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)、气孔导度(Cond)、净光合速率(Pn)、水分利用效率(WUE)日变化进程。结果显示:不同水分条件下‘清香’Pn、Tr、和Cond的日变化均呈现先升后降的单峰曲线;Ci和WUE日变化呈现先降后升的单峰曲线;不同水分条件下‘清香’的Pn、Tr、Cond、Ci和WUE是随着PEG胁迫浓度的递增而降低;‘清香’在受到水分胁迫时,叶片PSⅡ原初光能转换效率下降,光合速率受到气孔和非气孔限制因子影响,并且发生"光合午休"现象。但轻度干旱的水分条件即PEG胁迫浓度为5%利于光合作用。本研究为揭示核桃苗木‘清香’响应水分变化时的光合日变化及丰富其水分调控机制资料方面提供了参考依据。
In this study, the daily changes of leaf transpiration rate(Tr), intercellular carbon dioxide concentration(Ci), stomatal conductance(Cond), net photosynthetic rate(Pn) and water use efficiency(WUE) of 'Qingxiang'walnut seedlings were determined by artificial spraying of PEG6000 simulated water conditions(CK, 5%, 10%,15%, 20%). The results showed that the diurnal variations of Pn, Tr, and Cond of 'Qingxiang' walnut showed a unimodal curve that rose first and then decreased under different water conditions. The diurnal changes of Ci and WUE presented a single peak curve that decreased first and then increased. Pn, Tr, Cond, Ci and WUE of'Qingxiang' walnut under different water conditions gradually decreased with the increase of PEG stress concentration. When 'Qingxiang' walnut were exposed to water stress, the primary light energy conversion efficiency of leaves PS Ⅱ decreased, photosynthetic rate was affected by stomatal and non-stomatal limiting factors, and the phenomenon of ' photosynthetic noon off'' occurred. However, mild drought water conditions, namely PEG stress concentration of 5%, was conducive to photosynthesis. This study could provide references for revealing the diurnal changes of photosynthetic of 'Qingxiang' walnut in response to water changes and enriching their water regulation mechanisms.
In this study, the daily changes of leaf transpiration rate(Tr), intercellular carbon dioxide concentration(Ci), stomatal conductance(Cond), net photosynthetic rate(Pn) and water use efficiency(WUE) of 'Qingxiang'walnut seedlings were determined by artificial spraying of PEG6000 simulated water conditions(CK, 5%, 10%,15%, 20%). The results showed that the diurnal variations of Pn, Tr, and Cond of 'Qingxiang' walnut showed a unimodal curve that rose first and then decreased under different water conditions. The diurnal changes of Ci and WUE presented a single peak curve that decreased first and then increased. Pn, Tr, Cond, Ci and WUE of'Qingxiang' walnut under different water conditions gradually decreased with the increase of PEG stress concentration. When 'Qingxiang' walnut were exposed to water stress, the primary light energy conversion efficiency of leaves PS Ⅱ decreased, photosynthetic rate was affected by stomatal and non-stomatal limiting factors, and the phenomenon of ' photosynthetic noon off'' occurred. However, mild drought water conditions, namely PEG stress concentration of 5%, was conducive to photosynthesis. This study could provide references for revealing the diurnal changes of photosynthetic of 'Qingxiang' walnut in response to water changes and enriching their water regulation mechanisms.
引文
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Huang G.,Zhao X.Y.,Cui J.Y.,and Su Y.G.,2008,Photosynthetic and water use efficiency characteristics of two annuals under drought stress in Korqin sandy land,Xibei Zhiwu Xuebao(Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica),28(11):2306-2313(黄刚,赵学勇,崔建垣,苏延桂,2008,水分胁迫对2种科尔沁沙地植物光合和水分利用特性的影响,西北植物学报,28(11):2306-2313)
Huang Y.M.,Zhang J.,and Luo C.D.,1997,Literature review on tree's praught resistance capacities,Sichuan Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University),15(1):49-54(黄颜梅,张健,罗承德,1997,树木抗旱性研究(综述),四川农业大学学报,15(1):49-54)
Jiang C.,2013,The comparative study of the climate change and its environmental effects in the northern and southern regions of Qinling Mountains,Thesis for M.S.,Northwest A&F University,Supervisors:Li R.,and Wang F.,pp.37-38(蒋冲,2013,秦岭南北气候变化及其环境效应比较研究,硕士学位论文,西北农林科技大学,导师:李锐,王飞,pp.37-38)
Li J.Y.,Zhou P.,and Zhao L.J.,2002,Influence of drought stress on transpiring water-consumption of seedlings,Shengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),22(9):1380-1386(李吉跃,周平,招礼军,2002,干旱胁迫对苗木蒸腾耗水的影响,生态学报,22(9):1380-1386)
Li W.M.,Li Q.,Bai G.Q.,Chen H.,and Li S.F.,2018,Effects of salt stress and water stress on seed germination and seedling growth of Glycine soja,Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong(Molecular Plant Breeding),16(1):223-227(李为民,李倩,柏国清,陈昊,李思锋,2018,盐胁迫和水分胁迫对野生大豆种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,分子植物育种,16(1):223-227)
Liu S.J.,Meng M.L.,Chen Y.J.,and Jiao R.Z.,2018,Changes of photosynthetic characteristics and response mechanism of potato leaves under water stress,Xibei Nonglin Keji Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)),46(8):1-9(刘素军,蒙美莲,陈有君,焦瑞枣,2018,水分胁迫下马铃薯叶片光合特性的变化及其响应机制研究,西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),46(8):1-9)
Ma J.,Liu X.D.,Meng H.J.,Zhao W.J.,Wang R.X.,Wang Y.L.,and Ren X.F.,2018,Effects of water stress on growth and physiological characteristics of seedlings of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia,Ganhanqu Ziyuan Yu Huanjing(Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment),32(1):128-132(马剑,刘贤德,孟好军,赵维俊,王荣新,王艺林,任小凤,2018,水分胁迫对文冠果幼苗生长及生理特性的影响,干旱区资源与环境,32(1):128-132)
Niu D.W.,Ma N.,Fang Z.Y.,and Li Y.H.,2018,Physiological study of drought-tolerant Nassella tenuissima under water,Caoye Kexue(Pratacultural Science),35(3):581-589(牛东伟,马男,房卓研,李彦慧,2018,水分胁迫下墨西哥羽毛草耐旱生理,草业科学,35(3):581-589)
Pei B.,Zhang G.G.,Zhang S.Y.,Wu Q.,Xu Z.Q.,and Xu P.,2013,Effects of soil drought stress on photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant enzyme activities in Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.seedings,Shengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),33(5):1386-1396(裴斌,张光灿,张淑勇,吴芹,徐志强,徐萍,2013,土壤干旱胁迫对沙棘叶片光合作用和抗氧化酶活性的影响,生态学报,33(5):1386-1396)
Wang H.Z.,Zhang X.H.,Li Y.D.,and Zhang E.H.,2011,Comparison of photosynthetic characteristic and the essential oils in crop rotation and continuous cropping of Angelica sinensis,Caoye Xuebao(Acta Prataculturae Sinica),20(1):69-74(王惠珍,张新慧,李应东,张恩和,2011,轮作与连作当归光合特性和挥发油的比较,草业学报,20(1):69-74)
Wu J.W.,Liu S.,Li J.Y.,He Q.,Su Y.,Qiu Q.,Bai J.J.,Wang Y.,and Jia P.,2016,Photosynthetic and water consumption of tree species utilized for afforestation of rocky desert in Guangdong Province,Shengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),36(11):3429-3440(吴俊文,刘珊,李吉跃,何茜,苏艳,邱权,白晶晶,王燕,贾朋,2016,干旱胁迫下广东石漠化地区造林树种光合和耗水特性,生态学报,36(11):3429-3440)
Wu S.,Zhang X.Q.,and Cai Y.,2014,Effects of drought stress on chlorophyll contents and photosynthetic characteristics of cucumber seedlings,Zhongguo Nongxue Tongbao(Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin),30(1):133-137(吴顺,张雪芹,蔡燕,2014,干旱胁迫对黄瓜幼苗叶绿素含量和光合特性的影响,中国农学通报,30(1):133-137)
Xin H.H.,Yang J.M.,Cao S.M.,Zhang G.J.,Dai B.,Liu Y.F.,and Yang Q.,2011,Photosynthetic and fluorescent characteristics of precocious walnut in field,Jingjilin Yanjiu(Nonwood Forest Research),29(2):72-77(辛洪河,杨俊明,曹书敏,张国君,代波,刘艳芳,杨晴,2011,早实核桃田间光合荧光特性的研究,经济林研究,29(2):72-77)
Yan Y.H.,Yang W.Y.,Zhang X.Q.,Chen X.L.,and Chen Z.Q.,2011,Effects of different nitrogen levels on photosynthetic characteristics,dry matter accumulation and yield of relay strip intercropping Glycine max after blooming,Caoye Xuebao(Acta Prataculturae Sinica),20(3):233-238(闫艳红,杨文钰,张新全,陈小林,陈忠群,2011,施氮量对套作大豆花后光合特性、干物质积累及产量的影响,草业学报,20(3):233-238)
Yao Q.Q.,and Xie G.S.,2005,The photosynthetic stomatal and nonstomatal limitation under drought stress,Redai Nongye Kexue(Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture),25(4):80-85(姚庆群,谢贵水,2005,干旱胁迫下光合作用的气孔与非气孔限制,热带农业科学,25(4):80-85)
Zhang X.Q.,Wang S.J.,and Sun M.,2015,Dynamic responses of active oxygen metabolism of Barbula fallax in rock desertification of Karst areas to drought stress,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),34(1):160-164(张显强,王世杰,孙敏,2015,喀斯特石生反叶扭口藓活性氧代谢对干旱胁迫的动态响应,基因组学与应用生物学,34(1):160-164)
Zheng S.H.,and Yan C.R.,2006,The ecophysiological and morphological characteristics of maize in seedling stage under water stress,Shengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),(4):1138-1143(郑盛华,严昌荣,2006,水分胁迫对玉米苗期生理和形态特性的影响,生态学报,(4):1138-1143)
Zhu M.,Xiao T.G.,Yu X.,and Xu X.H.,2014,Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of summer precipitation in Qinling and Daba Valley,Qixiang Keji(Meteorological Science and Technology),42(4):663-670(朱梅,肖天贵,余兴,徐小红,2014,秦巴谷地夏季降水的时空特征分析,气象科技,42(4):663-670)
Fan J.S.,Chen Y.G.,and Zhao P.X.,2006a,Physioecological characteristics of walnut under different soil water conditions,Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology),17(2):171-176(樊金拴,陈原国,赵鹏祥,2006a,不同土壤水分条件下核桃的生理生态特性研究,应用生态学报,17(2):171-176)
Fan J.S.,Chen Y.G.,Li K.R.,and Ma C.Q.,2006b,Effect of soil moister condition on the growth and yield of Juglans regia,Linye Kexue(Scientla Silvae Sinicae),42(12):39-46(樊金拴,陈原国,李凯荣,马创奇,2006b,土壤水分状况对核桃生长和发育的影响,林业科学,42(12):39-46)
Huang G.,Zhao X.Y.,Cui J.Y.,and Su Y.G.,2008,Photosynthetic and water use efficiency characteristics of two annuals under drought stress in Korqin sandy land,Xibei Zhiwu Xuebao(Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica),28(11):2306-2313(黄刚,赵学勇,崔建垣,苏延桂,2008,水分胁迫对2种科尔沁沙地植物光合和水分利用特性的影响,西北植物学报,28(11):2306-2313)
Huang Y.M.,Zhang J.,and Luo C.D.,1997,Literature review on tree's praught resistance capacities,Sichuan Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University),15(1):49-54(黄颜梅,张健,罗承德,1997,树木抗旱性研究(综述),四川农业大学学报,15(1):49-54)
Jiang C.,2013,The comparative study of the climate change and its environmental effects in the northern and southern regions of Qinling Mountains,Thesis for M.S.,Northwest A&F University,Supervisors:Li R.,and Wang F.,pp.37-38(蒋冲,2013,秦岭南北气候变化及其环境效应比较研究,硕士学位论文,西北农林科技大学,导师:李锐,王飞,pp.37-38)
Li J.Y.,Zhou P.,and Zhao L.J.,2002,Influence of drought stress on transpiring water-consumption of seedlings,Shengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),22(9):1380-1386(李吉跃,周平,招礼军,2002,干旱胁迫对苗木蒸腾耗水的影响,生态学报,22(9):1380-1386)
Li W.M.,Li Q.,Bai G.Q.,Chen H.,and Li S.F.,2018,Effects of salt stress and water stress on seed germination and seedling growth of Glycine soja,Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong(Molecular Plant Breeding),16(1):223-227(李为民,李倩,柏国清,陈昊,李思锋,2018,盐胁迫和水分胁迫对野生大豆种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,分子植物育种,16(1):223-227)
Liu S.J.,Meng M.L.,Chen Y.J.,and Jiao R.Z.,2018,Changes of photosynthetic characteristics and response mechanism of potato leaves under water stress,Xibei Nonglin Keji Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)),46(8):1-9(刘素军,蒙美莲,陈有君,焦瑞枣,2018,水分胁迫下马铃薯叶片光合特性的变化及其响应机制研究,西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),46(8):1-9)
Ma J.,Liu X.D.,Meng H.J.,Zhao W.J.,Wang R.X.,Wang Y.L.,and Ren X.F.,2018,Effects of water stress on growth and physiological characteristics of seedlings of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia,Ganhanqu Ziyuan Yu Huanjing(Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment),32(1):128-132(马剑,刘贤德,孟好军,赵维俊,王荣新,王艺林,任小凤,2018,水分胁迫对文冠果幼苗生长及生理特性的影响,干旱区资源与环境,32(1):128-132)
Niu D.W.,Ma N.,Fang Z.Y.,and Li Y.H.,2018,Physiological study of drought-tolerant Nassella tenuissima under water,Caoye Kexue(Pratacultural Science),35(3):581-589(牛东伟,马男,房卓研,李彦慧,2018,水分胁迫下墨西哥羽毛草耐旱生理,草业科学,35(3):581-589)
Pei B.,Zhang G.G.,Zhang S.Y.,Wu Q.,Xu Z.Q.,and Xu P.,2013,Effects of soil drought stress on photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant enzyme activities in Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.seedings,Shengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),33(5):1386-1396(裴斌,张光灿,张淑勇,吴芹,徐志强,徐萍,2013,土壤干旱胁迫对沙棘叶片光合作用和抗氧化酶活性的影响,生态学报,33(5):1386-1396)
Wang H.Z.,Zhang X.H.,Li Y.D.,and Zhang E.H.,2011,Comparison of photosynthetic characteristic and the essential oils in crop rotation and continuous cropping of Angelica sinensis,Caoye Xuebao(Acta Prataculturae Sinica),20(1):69-74(王惠珍,张新慧,李应东,张恩和,2011,轮作与连作当归光合特性和挥发油的比较,草业学报,20(1):69-74)
Wu J.W.,Liu S.,Li J.Y.,He Q.,Su Y.,Qiu Q.,Bai J.J.,Wang Y.,and Jia P.,2016,Photosynthetic and water consumption of tree species utilized for afforestation of rocky desert in Guangdong Province,Shengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),36(11):3429-3440(吴俊文,刘珊,李吉跃,何茜,苏艳,邱权,白晶晶,王燕,贾朋,2016,干旱胁迫下广东石漠化地区造林树种光合和耗水特性,生态学报,36(11):3429-3440)
Wu S.,Zhang X.Q.,and Cai Y.,2014,Effects of drought stress on chlorophyll contents and photosynthetic characteristics of cucumber seedlings,Zhongguo Nongxue Tongbao(Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin),30(1):133-137(吴顺,张雪芹,蔡燕,2014,干旱胁迫对黄瓜幼苗叶绿素含量和光合特性的影响,中国农学通报,30(1):133-137)
Xin H.H.,Yang J.M.,Cao S.M.,Zhang G.J.,Dai B.,Liu Y.F.,and Yang Q.,2011,Photosynthetic and fluorescent characteristics of precocious walnut in field,Jingjilin Yanjiu(Nonwood Forest Research),29(2):72-77(辛洪河,杨俊明,曹书敏,张国君,代波,刘艳芳,杨晴,2011,早实核桃田间光合荧光特性的研究,经济林研究,29(2):72-77)
Yan Y.H.,Yang W.Y.,Zhang X.Q.,Chen X.L.,and Chen Z.Q.,2011,Effects of different nitrogen levels on photosynthetic characteristics,dry matter accumulation and yield of relay strip intercropping Glycine max after blooming,Caoye Xuebao(Acta Prataculturae Sinica),20(3):233-238(闫艳红,杨文钰,张新全,陈小林,陈忠群,2011,施氮量对套作大豆花后光合特性、干物质积累及产量的影响,草业学报,20(3):233-238)
Yao Q.Q.,and Xie G.S.,2005,The photosynthetic stomatal and nonstomatal limitation under drought stress,Redai Nongye Kexue(Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture),25(4):80-85(姚庆群,谢贵水,2005,干旱胁迫下光合作用的气孔与非气孔限制,热带农业科学,25(4):80-85)
Zhang X.Q.,Wang S.J.,and Sun M.,2015,Dynamic responses of active oxygen metabolism of Barbula fallax in rock desertification of Karst areas to drought stress,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),34(1):160-164(张显强,王世杰,孙敏,2015,喀斯特石生反叶扭口藓活性氧代谢对干旱胁迫的动态响应,基因组学与应用生物学,34(1):160-164)
Zheng S.H.,and Yan C.R.,2006,The ecophysiological and morphological characteristics of maize in seedling stage under water stress,Shengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),(4):1138-1143(郑盛华,严昌荣,2006,水分胁迫对玉米苗期生理和形态特性的影响,生态学报,(4):1138-1143)
Zhu M.,Xiao T.G.,Yu X.,and Xu X.H.,2014,Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of summer precipitation in Qinling and Daba Valley,Qixiang Keji(Meteorological Science and Technology),42(4):663-670(朱梅,肖天贵,余兴,徐小红,2014,秦巴谷地夏季降水的时空特征分析,气象科技,42(4):663-670)