HDPE网沙障布设角度对风沙流结构特征的影响
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摘要
研究目的:HDPE网沙障作为一种常见的阻沙措施,被广泛地应用于公路铁路等风沙灾害防护领域,能起到较好的效果。本文主要依托现场调研和风洞试验等手段,探讨HDPE网沙障布设角度对风沙流结构特征的影响,并分析其布设方式对整体防护效果的贡献,为后期风沙防护工程设计和施工提供借鉴或参考。研究结论:(1)在0°～90°范围内,HDPE网沙障和风向夹角的大小与其平均风力消减效果呈正相关变化,在18 m/s风速下,30°夹角沙障的风力消减率为61.4%,60°为70.2%,90°时可达到75.8%;(2)沙障阻沙率随夹角的大小呈现一定的不规则变化,在近地表,角度越大,阻沙率越高;之后随着高度的增加,夹角大小对阻沙率的影响不大;(3)沙障夹角大小与障后低速区长度呈正相关变化,在90°时其障后低速区(风速<7 m/s)的长度可达24H(H为沙障高度),之后随着角度的减小,低速区长度呈现急剧下降趋势;(4)沙障夹角大小与障后积沙量呈现明显的正相关变化,90°时障后积沙范围和积沙量最多,风沙防护效果最优;(5)本研究结果对于铁路公路等领域的风沙灾害防治工程具有一定的借鉴指导意义。
Research purposes:As a common sand-blocking measure,HDPE net sand barrier has been widely used in highways,railways and other fields,and has achieved good results.This paper mainly relies on the on-site survey and wind tunnel test to explore the influence of HDPE net sand barrier layout angle on wind-sand flow structure characteristics,analyze the contribution of layout method to protection effect,and provide reference for the design and construction of wind-blown sand protection engineering.Research conclusions:(1) In the range of 0°～90°,the angle between the sand barrier and the wind direction is positively correlated with the average wind reduction effect.At 18 m/s wind speed,the wind reduction rate of the30 degree angle sand barrier is 61.4%,the reduction rate of 60 degree angle is 70.2%,and 75.8% can be reached at 90 degrees.(2) The sand-blocking rate of the sand barrier shows a certain irregular change with the angle.At the near surface,the larger the angle,the higher the sand-blocking rate.After the height increases,the angle has little effect on the sand-blocking rate.(3) The angle of the sand barrier is positively correlated with the length of the low-speed zone.At 90 degrees,the length of the low speed region(the wind speed <7 m/s) is up to 24 H,and the length of the low speed region decreases sharply with the decrease of the angle.(4) There is a positive correlation between the angle of the sand barrier and the sand accumulation amount behind the barrier.At 90 degrees,the sand accumulation area and the sand accumulation amount behind the barrier are the most,and the wind sand protection effect is the best.(5) The research results can be used for reference in the prevention and control of wind and sand disasters in railways and highways.
Research purposes:As a common sand-blocking measure,HDPE net sand barrier has been widely used in highways,railways and other fields,and has achieved good results.This paper mainly relies on the on-site survey and wind tunnel test to explore the influence of HDPE net sand barrier layout angle on wind-sand flow structure characteristics,analyze the contribution of layout method to protection effect,and provide reference for the design and construction of wind-blown sand protection engineering.Research conclusions:(1) In the range of 0°～90°,the angle between the sand barrier and the wind direction is positively correlated with the average wind reduction effect.At 18 m/s wind speed,the wind reduction rate of the30 degree angle sand barrier is 61.4%,the reduction rate of 60 degree angle is 70.2%,and 75.8% can be reached at 90 degrees.(2) The sand-blocking rate of the sand barrier shows a certain irregular change with the angle.At the near surface,the larger the angle,the higher the sand-blocking rate.After the height increases,the angle has little effect on the sand-blocking rate.(3) The angle of the sand barrier is positively correlated with the length of the low-speed zone.At 90 degrees,the length of the low speed region(the wind speed <7 m/s) is up to 24 H,and the length of the low speed region decreases sharply with the decrease of the angle.(4) There is a positive correlation between the angle of the sand barrier and the sand accumulation amount behind the barrier.At 90 degrees,the sand accumulation area and the sand accumulation amount behind the barrier are the most,and the wind sand protection effect is the best.(5) The research results can be used for reference in the prevention and control of wind and sand disasters in railways and highways.
引文
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[5]Zhang Kecun,Qu Jianjun,Liao Kongtai,etc. Damageby Wind-blown Sand and Its Control along Qinghai-Tibet Railway in China[J]. Aeolian Research,2010(1):143-146.
[6]王睿,周立华,陈勇,等.库布齐沙漠机械防沙措施的防护效益[J].干旱区研究,2017(2):330-336.Wang Rui,Zhou Lihua,Chen Yong,etc. Wind-blown Sand Control Effect of Sand Barriers Used in theHobq Desert[J]. Arid Zone Resesrch,2017(2):330-336.
[7]马学喜,李生宇,王海峰,等.固沙网沙障积沙凹曲面特征及其固沙效益分析[J].干旱区研究,2016(4):898-904.Ma Xuexi,Li Shengyu,Wang Haifeng,etc. ConcaveSurface Features in Sand-fixing Net Barriers andEvaluation of Sand-fixing Benefits[J]. Arid ZoneResesrch,2016(4):898-904.
[8]张立群,许振海,董捷,等.防风抑尘网应用于沙漠铁路风沙防治的数值分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2017(5):957-963.Zhang Liqun,Xu Zhenhai,Dong Jie,etc. NumericalAnalysis on Simulating the Application of Porous Fencein Sand Control of Desert Railway[J]. Journal ofRailway Science and Engineering,2017(5):957-963.