乳酸菌发酵饲料对SPF鸡免疫功能的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在研究乳酸菌发酵饲料对SPF鸡免疫功能和磷脂酰肌醇三激酶/蛋白激酶B(PI3K/Akt)信号通路的影响。选取14日龄无特定病原体(SPF)雏鸡120羽,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复6羽。对照组饲喂基础饲料,发酵饲料组饲喂乳酸菌发酵饲料,基础阻断剂组为基础饲料加PI3K阻断剂组,乳酸菌阻断剂组为乳酸菌发酵饲料加PI3K阻断剂。试验期21 d。结果表明:发酵饲料组与对照组、乳酸菌阻断剂组与基础阻断剂组比较,乳酸菌发酵饲料可降低雏鸡耗料增重比(P<0.05),提高日增重、T淋巴细胞转化率、B淋巴细胞转化率、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、干扰素-α(IFN-α)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)和免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量(P<0.05),提高雏鸡新城疫抗体(NDVAb)水平(P<0.05),提高雏鸡脾脏中PI3K、Akt mRNA和蛋白表达量(P<0.05);基础阻断剂组与对照组、乳酸菌阻断剂组与发酵饲料组比较,PI3K阻断剂可以提高雏鸡耗料增重比(P<0.05),降低日增重、T淋巴细胞转化率、B淋巴细胞转化率、IL-2、IL-6、IFN-α、IgM、IgA和IgG含量(P<0.05),降低雏鸡NDV-Ab水平(P<0.05),降低雏鸡脾脏中PI3K、Akt mRNA和蛋白表达量(P<0.05)。由此可见,乳酸菌发酵饲料可能是通过激活PI3K/Akt信号通路来提高SPF雏鸡的免疫功能。
The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of the lactic acid bacteria fermented feed on immune function and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3 K/Akt) signaling pathways in chickens. 120 fourteen-dayold specific pathogen free(SPF)chickens were randomly allocated to 4 groups with 5 replicates per group and 6 chickens per replicate. Group 1 was the basic diet group, group 2 was the lactic acid bacteria fermented feed group, group 3 was the basal diet plus PI3 K blocker group, and group 4 was the lactic acid bacteria fermented feed plus PI3 K blocker group. The experiment lasted for 21 d. Comparison between group 2 and group 1, group 4 and group 3,the he results showed that the lactic acid bacteria fermented feedsignificantly reduced feed to gainratio(P<0.05), increased average daily gain, T lymphocyte transformation rate, B lymphocyte transformation rate, the levels of interleukin-2(IL-2),interleukin-6(IL-6), interferon-α(IFN-α),immunoglobulinM(IgM), immunoglobulin A(IgA)andimmunoglobulin G(IgG)(P<0.05), increased the antibody level of Newcastle disease(NDV-Ab)in chickens(P<0.05), and increased the expression of PI3 K, Akt mRNA and protein in spleen of chickens(P<0.05). Comparison between group 3 and 1, group 4 with 2, PI3 K blocker increased feed to gainratio(P<0.05), reduced the average daily gain of chickens, T lymphocyte transformation rate, B lymphocyte transformation rate, the levels of IL-2, IL-6, IFN-α, IgM, IgA and IgG(P<0.05), decreased the NDV-Ab in chickens(P<0.05),and decreased the expression of PI3 K, Akt mRNA and protein in chickens(P<0.05). The conclusion is that the lactic acid bacteria fermented feed may improve the immune function of the chickens by activating the PI3 K/Akt signaling pathway.
The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of the lactic acid bacteria fermented feed on immune function and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3 K/Akt) signaling pathways in chickens. 120 fourteen-dayold specific pathogen free(SPF)chickens were randomly allocated to 4 groups with 5 replicates per group and 6 chickens per replicate. Group 1 was the basic diet group, group 2 was the lactic acid bacteria fermented feed group, group 3 was the basal diet plus PI3 K blocker group, and group 4 was the lactic acid bacteria fermented feed plus PI3 K blocker group. The experiment lasted for 21 d. Comparison between group 2 and group 1, group 4 and group 3,the he results showed that the lactic acid bacteria fermented feedsignificantly reduced feed to gainratio(P<0.05), increased average daily gain, T lymphocyte transformation rate, B lymphocyte transformation rate, the levels of interleukin-2(IL-2),interleukin-6(IL-6), interferon-α(IFN-α),immunoglobulinM(IgM), immunoglobulin A(IgA)andimmunoglobulin G(IgG)(P<0.05), increased the antibody level of Newcastle disease(NDV-Ab)in chickens(P<0.05), and increased the expression of PI3 K, Akt mRNA and protein in spleen of chickens(P<0.05). Comparison between group 3 and 1, group 4 with 2, PI3 K blocker increased feed to gainratio(P<0.05), reduced the average daily gain of chickens, T lymphocyte transformation rate, B lymphocyte transformation rate, the levels of IL-2, IL-6, IFN-α, IgM, IgA and IgG(P<0.05), decreased the NDV-Ab in chickens(P<0.05),and decreased the expression of PI3 K, Akt mRNA and protein in chickens(P<0.05). The conclusion is that the lactic acid bacteria fermented feed may improve the immune function of the chickens by activating the PI3 K/Akt signaling pathway.
引文
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[3]张晓羊,张文举,王永强,等.嗜酸乳杆菌发酵棉粕对黄羽肉鸡免疫功能和抗氧化性能的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2017, 44(8):2311-2318.
[4]孙伟.乳酸菌发酵饲料对蛋鸡生产性能和健康的影响[D].青岛:青岛农业大学, 2014.
[5]王赫,朱风华,陈甫,等.不同发酵时间对乳酸菌发酵饲料中主要营养物质主要营养物质、乳酸菌和乳酸含量的影响[J].中国家禽, 2017, 39(10):27-31.
[6]冯焱,尹瑞卿,雷万钧,等. MTT方法检测肉鸡淋巴细胞增殖条件的优化[J].中国家禽, 2012, 34(13):60-61.
[7]尹艳军,郝延刚.冻干乳酸菌对肉鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响[J].饲料工业, 2015, 36(10):36-40.
[8]吴妍妍,张文举,聂存喜,等.发酵棉粕对肉鸡生长性能、血液理化和免疫指标的影响[J].饲料研究, 2013(8):8-12.
[9]聂颖,李昌崇. PI3K信号通路对T细胞发育、活化、增殖、分化及支气管哮喘的作用[J].中华哮喘杂志(电子版),2011, 5(5):348-352.
[10]张彤瑶.金针菇菇脚对肉鸡免疫功能的影响[D].长春:吉林农业大学, 2016.