产学研协同创新模式演进中知识转移机制设计
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摘要
基于产学研协同创新模式演进中技术转让、联合研发和共建实体三种阶段构建知识转移机制设计模型,分别研究每种模式下最优知识转移机制设计方式及其有效性,探索提高知识转移效率的对策。研究表明,知识转移绩效的可度量程度、合作主体间的关系强度、投资规模经济分别是上述三种产学研协同创新模式下提高知识转移效果的决定因素。当合作向更高层次演进时,以原决定因素为基础的机制设计方式将逐渐失效甚至成为制约发展的瓶颈。知识转移过程改进能够提高每种模式对应机制设计方式的有效性,是三种合作模式追求的一致性目标。
Based on the three stages of technology transfer,joint research and development,co-construction entities in the evolution of industry-university-research institute collaborative innovation,this paper analyzes the optimal design mechanism and its effectiveness of knowledge transfer. Research shows that the measurable degree of knowledge transfer performance,the strength of relationship between partners and investment in economies of scale are the decisive factors to improve the effect of knowledge transfer in the three stages above. When cooperation evolves to a higher level,the mechanism design based on the original decisive factor will gradually becomes invalid or even bottleneck which restricts development. Knowledge transfer process improvement can improve the effectiveness of the corresponding mechanism design of each stage,which is the conformance goal pursued by all three stages.
Based on the three stages of technology transfer,joint research and development,co-construction entities in the evolution of industry-university-research institute collaborative innovation,this paper analyzes the optimal design mechanism and its effectiveness of knowledge transfer. Research shows that the measurable degree of knowledge transfer performance,the strength of relationship between partners and investment in economies of scale are the decisive factors to improve the effect of knowledge transfer in the three stages above. When cooperation evolves to a higher level,the mechanism design based on the original decisive factor will gradually becomes invalid or even bottleneck which restricts development. Knowledge transfer process improvement can improve the effectiveness of the corresponding mechanism design of each stage,which is the conformance goal pursued by all three stages.
引文
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[22] Dealtry R,Nicolosi M,Elmuti D,Abebe M. An Overview of Strategic Alliances between Universities and Corporations[J]. Journal of Workplace Learning,2005,17(1/2):115-129.
[23] Thiele V. Costly Performance Measurement in Multi-task Agencies[J]. General Information,2006,61:148-163.
[24]吴洁,彭星星,盛永祥等.基于动态控制模型的产学研知识转移合作博弈研究[J].中国管理科学,2017,25(3):164-171.
[2]高兴民,张祥俊.禀赋效应与产学研合作收益分配机制研究[J].科技进步与对策,2015(5):15-19.
[3]何海燕,王子文,姜李丹,等.我国产学研协同创新影响因素研究——基于Ordered Logit模型实证分析[J].华东经济管理,2014(9):106-110.
[4] Etzkowitz H,Leydesdorff L. The Dynamics of Innovation:From National Systems and“Mode 2”to a Triple Helix of University-industry-government Relations[J]. Research Policy,2000,29(2):109-123.
[5] Nishide K,Tian Y. Compensation Measures for Alliance Formation:A Real Options Analysis[J]. Economic Modelling,2011,28(1):219-228.
[6]张瑜,菅利荣,刘思峰,等.基于优化Shapley值的产学研网络型合作利益协调机制研究——以产业技术创新战略联盟为例[J].中国管理科学,2016,24(9):36-44.
[7]于娱,施琴芬.产学研协同创新中知识共享的微分对策模型[J].中国管理科学,2013(S2):684-690.
[8]胡刃锋,刘国亮,杨楠.云平台环境下产学研隐性知识共享协同机制研究[J].情报科学,2015(4):53-58.
[9]王小杨,张雷,杜晓荣.基于惩罚机制的产学研合作演化博弈分析[J].科技管理研究,2017,37(9):118-124.
[10] Plewa C,Korff N,Johnson C,et al. The Evolution of Universityindustry Linkages——A Framework[J]. Journal of Engineering&Technology Management,2013,30(1):21-44.
[11]王培林,张治栋.产学研合作创新中的知识转移过程模式[J].情报理论与实践,2012,35(12):47-51.
[12] Li J J,Poppo L,Zhou K Z. Relational Mechanisms,Formal Contracts,and Local Knowledge Acquisition by International Subsidiaries[J]. Strategic Management Journal,2010,31(4):349-370.
[13]曹霞,于娟,张路蓬.不同联盟规模下产学研联盟稳定性影响因素及演化研究[J].管理评论,2016,28(2):3-14.
[14] Szulanski G. Exploring Internal Stickiness:Impediments to the Transfer of Best Practice within the Firm[J]. Strategic Management Journal,2015,17(S2):27-43.
[15] Borys B B,Johannsen G,Hansel H G,et al. Task and Knowledge Analysis in Coal-fired Power Plants[J].Control Systems Magazine IEEE,1987,7(3):26-30.
[16]孙红霞,生帆,谭凌峰,马鸿佳.基于能力视角的多层次知识转移模型构建[J].情报理论与实践,2016,39(8):81-86.
[17] Greif A. Contract Enforceability and Economic Institutions in Early Trade:The Maghribi Traders'Coalition[J]. American Economic Review,1993,83(3):525-548.
[18] Baker G,Gibbons R,Murphy K J. Subjective Performance Measures in Optimal Incentive Contracts[J]. Quarterly Journal of Economics,1994,109(4):1125-1156.
[19] Hansen M T. The Search-Transfer Problem:The Role of Weak Ties in Sharing Knowledge across Organization Subunits[J]. Administrative Science Quarterly,1999,44(1):82-111.
[20] Zimmermann A,Ravishankar M N. Knowledge Transfer in IT Offshoring Relationships:the Roles of Social Capital,Efficacy and Outcome Expectations[J]. Information Systems Journal,2014,24(2):167-202.
[21]梅丽莎A希林.技术创新的战略管理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2015.
[22] Dealtry R,Nicolosi M,Elmuti D,Abebe M. An Overview of Strategic Alliances between Universities and Corporations[J]. Journal of Workplace Learning,2005,17(1/2):115-129.
[23] Thiele V. Costly Performance Measurement in Multi-task Agencies[J]. General Information,2006,61:148-163.
[24]吴洁,彭星星,盛永祥等.基于动态控制模型的产学研知识转移合作博弈研究[J].中国管理科学,2017,25(3):164-171.