考虑不同转差的双馈风力发电机短路计算序分量模型
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摘要
双馈风力发电机(doubly fed induction generator,DFIG)大规模接入电网对短路电流的影响逐渐显现。常规的短路计算中,将DFIG忽略或作为负荷的方式会对短路计算的结果产生较大误差。为此通过分析DFIG短路计算模型的外特性,提出求解短路计算模型的方法;利用DFIG的数学模型,推导电网电压跌落下DFIG短路电流的解析表达式;根据不同的转差,提出相应的DFIG短路计算序分量模型。分析的结果表明:转差较大的DFIG可等效为一恒定阻抗负荷,而转差较小的DFIG则应等效为一同步电机,会给电网注入短路电流。最后通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真,验证了这种基于不同转差的DFIG短路计算序分量模型能保证短路计算的精确性。
Effect of large-scale accessing of the double fed induction generator(DFIG)into the power grid on short-circuit current is gradually appearing.In conventional short-circuit calculation,it may cause great errors due to neglecting DFIG or taking DFIG as load.Thus,this paper analyzes the external characteristic of the DFIG short-circuit calculation model and presents a kind of method for solving the model.By using the DFIG mathematical model,it deduces the analytic expression of DFIG at the time of voltage sag,and according to different slips,it proposes relevant sequence component models for DFIG short-circuit calculation.The analysis results indicate as slips are large,the DFIG could be equivalent to constant impedance load while as slips are small,the DFIG should be equivalent to a synchronous generator which could inject short-circuit current into the power grid.MATLAB/Simulink simulation has verified this sequence component model for DFIG shortcircuit calculation based on different slips can ensure accuracy of short-circuit calculation.
Effect of large-scale accessing of the double fed induction generator(DFIG)into the power grid on short-circuit current is gradually appearing.In conventional short-circuit calculation,it may cause great errors due to neglecting DFIG or taking DFIG as load.Thus,this paper analyzes the external characteristic of the DFIG short-circuit calculation model and presents a kind of method for solving the model.By using the DFIG mathematical model,it deduces the analytic expression of DFIG at the time of voltage sag,and according to different slips,it proposes relevant sequence component models for DFIG short-circuit calculation.The analysis results indicate as slips are large,the DFIG could be equivalent to constant impedance load while as slips are small,the DFIG should be equivalent to a synchronous generator which could inject short-circuit current into the power grid.MATLAB/Simulink simulation has verified this sequence component model for DFIG shortcircuit calculation based on different slips can ensure accuracy of short-circuit calculation.
引文
[1]赵双,潘险险,朱浩骏,等.适用于电网规划的风电场短路电流计算模型[J].广东电力,2017,30(3):27-33.ZHAO Shuang,PAN Xianxian,ZHU Haojun,et al.Calculation model for short-circuit current of wind power field for power grid planning[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2017,30(3):27-33.
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[9]朱峥,李帅虎,李一泉,等.在线短路电流计算精确等效模型研究[J].电网与清洁能源,2016,32(6):42-46.ZHU Zheng,LI Shuaihu,LI Yiquan,et al.A study on accurate equivalent model of short circuit current calculation[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2016,32(6):42-46.
[10]锁军,张志华,杨杉,等.考虑分布式电源低电压穿越特性的配电网短路电流计算方法[J].智慧电力,2018,46(4):22-27.SUO Jun,ZHANG Zhihua,YANG Shan,et al.A shortcircuit current calculation method of distribution network with distributed generation considering low voltage ride through characteristic[J].Smart Power,2018,46(4):22-27.
[11]王增平,李菁,郑涛,等.不同撬棒保护投入时刻下双馈风电机组短路电流计算分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(5):109-117.WANG Zengping,LI Jing,ZHENG Tao,et al.Calculation and analysis of three-phase short-circuit current of doubly fed wind turbine considering different crowbar protection insertion time[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(5):109-117.
[12]盛万兴,马静,张瑜,等.基于故障等值网络的双馈风电机组三相短路电流计算方法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(1):7-14.SHENG Wanxing,MA Jing,ZHANG Yu,et al.Research on calculation method of three-phase short circuit current for doubly-fed wind power generator based on the fault equivalent network[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(1):7-14.
[13]李菁,郑涛,赵裕童,等.双馈风电短路电流特性对距离保护的影响分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(6):37-47.LI Jing,ZHENG Tao,ZHAO Yutong,et al.Impact of doubly-fed wind system short-circuit current characteristics on the transmission line distance protection[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(6):37-47.
[14]李松林,欧阳金鑫.计及双馈机组影响的同步发电机短路电流特征研究[J].电网与清洁能源,2017,33(2):124-129.LI Songlin,OUYANG Jinxin.Research on characteristics of short-circuit current of synchronous generator considering doubly-fed induction generator[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2017,33(2):124-129.
[15]张艺博,潘文霞,郭家圣.基于灵敏度分析的双馈电机短路电流简化计算[J].电网与清洁能源,2017,33(5):6-12.ZHANG Yibo,PAN Wenxia,GUO Jiasheng.Simplified calculation of short-circuit current for doubly fed induction generator based on sensitivity analysis[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2017,33(5):6-12.
[16]MORREN J,DE HAAN S W H.Short-circuit current of wind turbines with doubly fed induction generator[J].IEEETransactions on Energy Conversion,2007,22(1):174-180.
[17]张学广,徐殿国,李伟伟.双馈风力发电机三相短路电流分析[J].电机与控制学报,2008,12(5):493-497.ZHANG Xueguang,XU Dianguo,LI Weiwei.Analysis of three-phase short circuit current of doubly fed induction generator[J].Electric Machines and Control,2008,12(5):493-497.
[18]朱晓东,石磊,陈宁,等.考虑Crowbar阻值和退出时间的双馈风电机组低电压穿越[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(18):84-89.ZHU Xiaodong,SHI Lei,CHEN Ning,et al.An analysis on low voltage ride through of wind turbine driven doubly fed induction generator with different resistances and quitting time of crowbar[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(18):84-89.
[19]周宏林,杨耕.不同电压跌落深度下基于撬棒保护的双馈式风机短路电流特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(增刊1):184-191.ZHOU Honglin,YANG Geng.Short circuit current characteristics of doubly fed induction generator with crowbar protection under different voltage dips[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(S1):184-191.
[20]翟佳俊,张步涵,谢光龙,等.基于撬棒保护的双馈风电机组三相对称短路电流特性[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(3):18-23.ZHAI Jiajun,ZHANG Buhan,XIE Guanglong,et al.Three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current characteristics analysis of wind turbine driven DFIG with crowbar protection[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(3):18-23.
[21]童宁,林湘宁,李正天,等.对称电压跌落条件下双馈风电机群馈出电流与线路电流保护的交互影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(22):3806-3814.TONG Ning,LIN Xiangning,LI Zhengtian,et al.Study for reciprocal effect between over current protection and doubly-fed induction generator feeding current under the condition of symmetrical voltage sag[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(22):3806-3814.
[22]孔祥平,张哲,尹项根,等.计及撬棒保护影响的双馈风力发电机组故障电流特性研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(8):1-10.KONG Xiangping,ZHANG Zhe,YIN Xianggen,et al.Study of fault current characteristics of DFIG considering impact of crowbar protection[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(8):1-10.
[23]尹项根,张哲,肖繁,等.分布式电源短路计算模型及电网故障计算方法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(22):1-9.YIN Xianggen,ZHANG Zhe,XIAO Fan,et al.Study on short-circuit calculation model of distributed generators and fault analysis method of power system with distributed generators[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(22):1-9.
[24]肖繁,张哲,尹项根,等.含双馈风电机组的电力系统故障计算方法研究[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(1):14-23.XIAO Fan,ZHANG Zhe,YIN Xianggen,et al.The fault calculation method of power systems including doubly-fed induction generator[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(1):14-23.
[25]何仰赞,温增银.电力系统分析[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2002.
[26]颜秋容,谭丹.电路理论[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2010.
[27]HOWARD D F,HABETLER T G,HARLEY RG.Improved sequence network model of wind turbine generators for short-circuit studies[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2012,27(4):968-977.
[28]潘文霞,杨刚,刘明洋,等.考虑Crowbar电阻的双馈电机短路电流计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(13):3629-3634.PAN Wenxia,YANG Gang,LIU Mingyang,et al.Calculation of short-circuit current of DFIG with the considering of crowbar resistance[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,34(13):3629-3634.
[2]高海翔,陈颖,许寅.双馈风机的电磁暂态平均化建模和快速仿真[J].广东电力,2017,30(2):59-64.GAO Haixiang,CHEN Ying,XU Yin.Averaged modeling and fast electromagnetic transient simulation for doubly-fed wind turbines[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2017,30(2):59-64.
[3]赵勇,王路路,赵祎涵,等.双馈风力发电机定子绕组匝间短路故障特征提取[J].热力发电,2016(8):63-67.ZHAO Yong,WANG Lulu,ZHAO Yihan,et al.Feature extraction of stator winding inter-turn short circuit fault in doubly-fed induction generator[J].Thermal Power Generation,2016(8):63-67.
[4]年珩,程鹏,贺益康.故障电网下双馈风电系统运行技术研究综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(16):84-97.NIAN Heng,CHENG Peng,HE Yikang.Review on operation techniques for DFIG-based wind energy conversion systems under network faults[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,32(16):84-97.
[5]徐海亮,章玮,贺益康,等.双馈型风电机组低电压穿越技术要点及展望[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(20):8-15.XU Hailiang,ZHANG Wei,HE Yikang,et al.A review on low voltage ride-through technologies and prospect for DFIGwind turbines[J].Automation of Electric Power System,2013,37(20):8-15.
[6]周鹏.双馈异步风力发电系统低电压穿越技术研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2011.
[7]边晓燕,王本利,陈建平,等.改进的DFIG与VSC-HVDC协调控制改善风电场低电压穿越能力[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(1):9-16.BIAN Xiaoyan,WANG Benli,CHEN Jianping,et al.Improvement of low voltage ride through capability of wind farm using coordinated control of the improved DFIG and VSC-HVDC[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(1):9-16.
[8]魏占朋,彭妮娜.双馈风电机组短路电流特性分析[J].陕西电力,2016,44(6):18-21.WEI Zhanpeng,PENG Nina.Short circuit current analysis of DFIG[J].Shaanxi Electric Power,2016,44(6):18-21.
[9]朱峥,李帅虎,李一泉,等.在线短路电流计算精确等效模型研究[J].电网与清洁能源,2016,32(6):42-46.ZHU Zheng,LI Shuaihu,LI Yiquan,et al.A study on accurate equivalent model of short circuit current calculation[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2016,32(6):42-46.
[10]锁军,张志华,杨杉,等.考虑分布式电源低电压穿越特性的配电网短路电流计算方法[J].智慧电力,2018,46(4):22-27.SUO Jun,ZHANG Zhihua,YANG Shan,et al.A shortcircuit current calculation method of distribution network with distributed generation considering low voltage ride through characteristic[J].Smart Power,2018,46(4):22-27.
[11]王增平,李菁,郑涛,等.不同撬棒保护投入时刻下双馈风电机组短路电流计算分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(5):109-117.WANG Zengping,LI Jing,ZHENG Tao,et al.Calculation and analysis of three-phase short-circuit current of doubly fed wind turbine considering different crowbar protection insertion time[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(5):109-117.
[12]盛万兴,马静,张瑜,等.基于故障等值网络的双馈风电机组三相短路电流计算方法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(1):7-14.SHENG Wanxing,MA Jing,ZHANG Yu,et al.Research on calculation method of three-phase short circuit current for doubly-fed wind power generator based on the fault equivalent network[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(1):7-14.
[13]李菁,郑涛,赵裕童,等.双馈风电短路电流特性对距离保护的影响分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(6):37-47.LI Jing,ZHENG Tao,ZHAO Yutong,et al.Impact of doubly-fed wind system short-circuit current characteristics on the transmission line distance protection[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(6):37-47.
[14]李松林,欧阳金鑫.计及双馈机组影响的同步发电机短路电流特征研究[J].电网与清洁能源,2017,33(2):124-129.LI Songlin,OUYANG Jinxin.Research on characteristics of short-circuit current of synchronous generator considering doubly-fed induction generator[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2017,33(2):124-129.
[15]张艺博,潘文霞,郭家圣.基于灵敏度分析的双馈电机短路电流简化计算[J].电网与清洁能源,2017,33(5):6-12.ZHANG Yibo,PAN Wenxia,GUO Jiasheng.Simplified calculation of short-circuit current for doubly fed induction generator based on sensitivity analysis[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2017,33(5):6-12.
[16]MORREN J,DE HAAN S W H.Short-circuit current of wind turbines with doubly fed induction generator[J].IEEETransactions on Energy Conversion,2007,22(1):174-180.
[17]张学广,徐殿国,李伟伟.双馈风力发电机三相短路电流分析[J].电机与控制学报,2008,12(5):493-497.ZHANG Xueguang,XU Dianguo,LI Weiwei.Analysis of three-phase short circuit current of doubly fed induction generator[J].Electric Machines and Control,2008,12(5):493-497.
[18]朱晓东,石磊,陈宁,等.考虑Crowbar阻值和退出时间的双馈风电机组低电压穿越[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(18):84-89.ZHU Xiaodong,SHI Lei,CHEN Ning,et al.An analysis on low voltage ride through of wind turbine driven doubly fed induction generator with different resistances and quitting time of crowbar[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(18):84-89.
[19]周宏林,杨耕.不同电压跌落深度下基于撬棒保护的双馈式风机短路电流特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(增刊1):184-191.ZHOU Honglin,YANG Geng.Short circuit current characteristics of doubly fed induction generator with crowbar protection under different voltage dips[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(S1):184-191.
[20]翟佳俊,张步涵,谢光龙,等.基于撬棒保护的双馈风电机组三相对称短路电流特性[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(3):18-23.ZHAI Jiajun,ZHANG Buhan,XIE Guanglong,et al.Three-phase symmetrical short-circuit current characteristics analysis of wind turbine driven DFIG with crowbar protection[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(3):18-23.
[21]童宁,林湘宁,李正天,等.对称电压跌落条件下双馈风电机群馈出电流与线路电流保护的交互影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(22):3806-3814.TONG Ning,LIN Xiangning,LI Zhengtian,et al.Study for reciprocal effect between over current protection and doubly-fed induction generator feeding current under the condition of symmetrical voltage sag[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(22):3806-3814.
[22]孔祥平,张哲,尹项根,等.计及撬棒保护影响的双馈风力发电机组故障电流特性研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(8):1-10.KONG Xiangping,ZHANG Zhe,YIN Xianggen,et al.Study of fault current characteristics of DFIG considering impact of crowbar protection[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(8):1-10.
[23]尹项根,张哲,肖繁,等.分布式电源短路计算模型及电网故障计算方法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(22):1-9.YIN Xianggen,ZHANG Zhe,XIAO Fan,et al.Study on short-circuit calculation model of distributed generators and fault analysis method of power system with distributed generators[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(22):1-9.
[24]肖繁,张哲,尹项根,等.含双馈风电机组的电力系统故障计算方法研究[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(1):14-23.XIAO Fan,ZHANG Zhe,YIN Xianggen,et al.The fault calculation method of power systems including doubly-fed induction generator[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(1):14-23.
[25]何仰赞,温增银.电力系统分析[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2002.
[26]颜秋容,谭丹.电路理论[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2010.
[27]HOWARD D F,HABETLER T G,HARLEY RG.Improved sequence network model of wind turbine generators for short-circuit studies[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2012,27(4):968-977.
[28]潘文霞,杨刚,刘明洋,等.考虑Crowbar电阻的双馈电机短路电流计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(13):3629-3634.PAN Wenxia,YANG Gang,LIU Mingyang,et al.Calculation of short-circuit current of DFIG with the considering of crowbar resistance[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,34(13):3629-3634.