北齐宇文长墓志铭考释
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摘要
经过本文对宇文长墓志铭与历史文献的比较考察,宇文长家世显赫,49岁之前未入仕的原因可能是其"耻为博士"的志向所致。49岁入仕为官,与北魏末年政治动荡、社会各种矛盾日益尖锐密切相关。朝廷为了镇压地方叛乱,不得不起用新人充实直阁队伍。宇文长初期投身到尔朱荣麾下担任大都督,在平定河北起义军时获得战功。其后又归顺高欢受封卫将军,晚年官拜开府仪同三司。
The author carries out a comparative study of Yu Wenchang's epitaph with the historical documents. Yu Wenchang was of a distinguished family background. The reason that he did not become an official before the age of 49 might be out of his ideal, which is "shame as a doctor." That he became an official at the age of forty-nine should be closely related to the political turmoil in the late Northern Wei Dynasty. The court had to appoint new officials to expand the military power in order to suppress rebellions.Yu Wenchang joined Zhu Rong's army and served as waiwode. In the suppression of Hebei peasants, he gained victory. After that, he joined the Gaohuan army and was appointed as the Wei general. In his senior years, he was a high-up official.
The author carries out a comparative study of Yu Wenchang's epitaph with the historical documents. Yu Wenchang was of a distinguished family background. The reason that he did not become an official before the age of 49 might be out of his ideal, which is "shame as a doctor." That he became an official at the age of forty-nine should be closely related to the political turmoil in the late Northern Wei Dynasty. The court had to appoint new officials to expand the military power in order to suppress rebellions.Yu Wenchang joined Zhu Rong's army and served as waiwode. In the suppression of Hebei peasants, he gained victory. After that, he joined the Gaohuan army and was appointed as the Wei general. In his senior years, he was a high-up official.
引文
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[3][13][14][16][17][20][21]魏收.魏书[M].北京:中华书局, 1974:2977-2982, 2885, 240,249,247,259,260.
[4]秦健.北魏赠官获得者的资格与赠官授予方式考述[D].吉林:吉林大学,2008:7.
[5]刘凯.北魏羽真考[J].学术月刊,2015(2).
[6][7]张庆捷,郭春梅.北魏文成帝《南巡碑》所见拓跋职官初探[J].中国史研究,1999(2).
[8]吕宗力.中国历代官制大辞典(修订版)[M].北京:商务印书馆,2015:437.
[9]房玄龄.晋书[M].北京:中华书局,1974:725-726.
[10][11][15][22][24]李百药.北齐书[M].北京:中华书局,1972:279,655,3,7-8.
[12]令狐德棻.周书[M].北京:中华书局,1971:423.
[18]王仲荦.魏晋南北朝史[M].北京:中华书局,2007:561-574.
[19]杨耀坤.北魏末年北镇暴动分析[J]历史研究,1978(4).
[23]陈寿.三国志[M].北京:中华书局,1959:192.