AISI420与S136模具钢SLM成形组织及性能
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摘要
采用激光选区熔化(SLM)技术分别成形注塑模具钢AISI420和S136,对两种模具钢的相组成、微观组织、显微硬度、抗拉强度和摩擦磨损性能等进行了研究。结果表明,SLM成形的AISI420具有更高的合金元素固溶度,合金固溶强化使得AISI420比S136具有更高的强度和伸长率,其强度和伸长率分别为1 234.13MPa、14.63%和642.89MPa、9.76%;由于S136中的C含量较高,在激光的快速冷却作用下,S136比AISI420更易产生马氏体组织,因此拥有更高的硬度和较低的磨损率,二者硬度(HV_3)和磨损率分别为589、3.28×10~(-6) mm~3·N~(-1)·m~(-1),493.78、4.12×10~(-6) mm~3·N~(-1)·m~(-1)。
Injection tool steels AISI 420 and S136 samples were fabricated by selective laser melting(SLM)technique.The phase composition,microstructure,microhardness,tensile strength and wear resistance of two tool steels were investigated systematically.The results show that SLM-processed AISI 420 samples have a higher solid solubility of the alloying elements.Due to the solid solution strengthening of the alloying elements,the AISI420 samples present the higher tensile strength and elongation than that of S136 samples.Tensile strength and elongation of the SLM-processed AISI 420 and S136 reach 1 234.13 MPa,14.63% and 642.89 MPa,9.76%,respectively.Due to the higher C content in S136,the martensitic transformation is more easily generated in the S136 samples under the laser-induced large solidification rate as compared to AISI 420 samples.The higher hardness and lower wear rate ware obtained for the SLM-processed S136 samples.Microhardness and wear rate of the SLM-processed S136 and AISI 420 samples reach 589 HV_3,3.28×10~(-6) mm~3·N~(-1)·m~(-1) and 493.78 HV_3,4.12×10~(-6) mm~3·N~(-1)·m~(-1),respectively.
Injection tool steels AISI 420 and S136 samples were fabricated by selective laser melting(SLM)technique.The phase composition,microstructure,microhardness,tensile strength and wear resistance of two tool steels were investigated systematically.The results show that SLM-processed AISI 420 samples have a higher solid solubility of the alloying elements.Due to the solid solution strengthening of the alloying elements,the AISI420 samples present the higher tensile strength and elongation than that of S136 samples.Tensile strength and elongation of the SLM-processed AISI 420 and S136 reach 1 234.13 MPa,14.63% and 642.89 MPa,9.76%,respectively.Due to the higher C content in S136,the martensitic transformation is more easily generated in the S136 samples under the laser-induced large solidification rate as compared to AISI 420 samples.The higher hardness and lower wear rate ware obtained for the SLM-processed S136 samples.Microhardness and wear rate of the SLM-processed S136 and AISI 420 samples reach 589 HV_3,3.28×10~(-6) mm~3·N~(-1)·m~(-1) and 493.78 HV_3,4.12×10~(-6) mm~3·N~(-1)·m~(-1),respectively.
引文
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[3] LEWIS G K,SCHLIENGER E.Practical considerations and capabilities for laser assisted direct metal deposition[J].Materials&Design,2000,21(4):417-423.
[4] ZHANG S,WEI Q S,CHENG L Y,et al.Effects of scan line spacing on pore characteristics and mechanical properties of porous Ti6Al4Vimplants fabricated by selective laser melting[J].Materials&Design,2014,63:185-193.
[5] ZHAO X,WEI Q S,SONG B,et al.Fabrication and characterization of AISI420stainless steel using selective laser melting[J].Materials and Manufacturing Processes,2015,30(11):1 283-1 289.
[6] HOLZWEISSIG M J,TAUBE A,BRENNE F,et al.Microstructural characterization and mechanical performance of hot work tool steel processed by selective laser melting[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions,2015,B46(2):545-549.
[7]周隐玉,王飞,薛春.3D打印18Ni300模具钢的显微组织及力学性能[J].理化检验-物理分册,2016,52(4):243-246.
[8]陈洪宇,顾冬冬,顾荣海,等.5CrNi4Mo模具钢选区激光熔化增材制造组织演变及力学性能研究[J].中国激光,2016,43(2):60-67.
[9]左倩,刘剑,兰乔,等.塑料模具钢S136与Fs136的退火/淬火组织及力学性能对比[J].材料热处理学报,2016,37(12):93-99.
[10]梁晓军,焦四海,王聪,等.回火工艺对直接淬火钢组织与性能的影响[J].热加工工艺,2006,35(16):47-50.
[11]崔忠圻,覃耀春.金属学与热处理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007.
[12] SANDER J,HUFENBACH J,GIEBELER L,et al.Microstructure and properties of FeCrMoVC tool steel produced by selective laser melting[J].Materials&Design,2016,89:335-341.
[13]赵晓.激光选区熔化成形模具钢组织与性能演变基础研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2016.
[14] SONGB,DONG S J,DENG S H,et al.Microstructure and tensile properties of iron parts fabricated by selective laser melting[J].Optics&Laser Technology,2014,56:451-460.
[15]潘晓华,朱祖昌.H13热作模具钢的化学成分及其改进和发展的研究[J].模具制造,2006(4):78-85.
[16]詹武,闫爱淑,丁晨旭,等.金属摩擦磨损机理剖析[J].天津理工大学学报,2001,17(S1):19-22.
[17] JAIN A,BASU B,KUMAR B V M,et al.Grain size-wear rate relationship for titanium in liquid nitrogen environment[J].Acta Materialia,2010,58(7):2 313-2 323.