基于基础设施综合服务水平导向的城市增长边界划定——以广州市为例
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摘要
快速城镇化导致城市空间扩张对自然生态空间侵蚀突出,城市增长边界的界定和管控面临严峻挑战。该文利用GIS技术,划定了2010年广州市基础设施较为完善的城市建成区;遵循空间开发导向,确定了非建设用地开发性综合指数;根据规划期内城市人口增长规模确定的新增建设用地规模与非建设用地开发性综合指数,明确城市最适宜开发建设用地规模和空间布局;将最适宜开发建设用地与基础设施较为完善的建成区归并,确定2020年广州市UGB,大致形成了流溪河以北的机场、花都区连片建设区,珠江以北、流溪河以南和帽峰山等自然山体以南连片建设区,海珠区和番禺区北部连片建设区、南沙区连片建设区等多片集中建设区,总体呈现"中心城区+外围"多个连片建设区的发展格局。研究方法对全国其他城市划定城市开发边界具有借鉴意义。
Under rapid urbanization,the natural ecological space is eroded by the urban spatial expansion.The definition,management and control for UGB are confronted with serious challenges.The urban area with comparatively perfect infrastructure of Guangzhou in 2010 is delimited by GIS.Following the spatial development orientation,this paper calculates the comprehensive index of non-constructive land development.Then,in the light of incremental construction land scale determined by urban population growth scale and the composite index of non-constructive land development,the scale and layout of the most suitable land for development are confirmed.Lastly,the most suitable land for development and the urban area with relatively perfect infrastructure are merged into the UGB of Guangzhou in 2020.The result shows that the UGB of Guangzhou is mainly composed of the airport and Huadu District contiguous construction area in the north of Liuxi River,the contiguous construction area between the north of the Pearl River as well as the south of Liuxi River and natural mountain(e.g.Maofeng Mountain),the contiguous construction areas in Haizhu District,Nansha District and northern Panyu District.In other words,urban growth space in Guangzhou is comprised of the central urban area and some contiguous construction areas in outskirts.This means the proposed method has the vital significance for the delimitation of development border in other cities of China.
Under rapid urbanization,the natural ecological space is eroded by the urban spatial expansion.The definition,management and control for UGB are confronted with serious challenges.The urban area with comparatively perfect infrastructure of Guangzhou in 2010 is delimited by GIS.Following the spatial development orientation,this paper calculates the comprehensive index of non-constructive land development.Then,in the light of incremental construction land scale determined by urban population growth scale and the composite index of non-constructive land development,the scale and layout of the most suitable land for development are confirmed.Lastly,the most suitable land for development and the urban area with relatively perfect infrastructure are merged into the UGB of Guangzhou in 2020.The result shows that the UGB of Guangzhou is mainly composed of the airport and Huadu District contiguous construction area in the north of Liuxi River,the contiguous construction area between the north of the Pearl River as well as the south of Liuxi River and natural mountain(e.g.Maofeng Mountain),the contiguous construction areas in Haizhu District,Nansha District and northern Panyu District.In other words,urban growth space in Guangzhou is comprised of the central urban area and some contiguous construction areas in outskirts.This means the proposed method has the vital significance for the delimitation of development border in other cities of China.
引文
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[24]马世发,张婷,李少英.多尺度联合驱动的城市增长模拟建模[J].地理与地理信息科学,2017,33(2):19-24.
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[31]张振广,张尚武.空间结构导向下城市增长边界划定理念与方法探索——基于杭州市的案例研究[J].城市规划学刊,2013(4):33-41.
[32]吴冬青,冯长春,党宁.美国城市增长管理的方法与启示[J].城市问题,2007(5):86-91.
[33]苏建忠,魏清泉,郭恒亮.广州市的蔓延机理与调控[J].地理学报,2005,60(4):626-636.
[34]王国恩,张媛媛.城市增长边界的效能及对行政区划调整的影响[J].规划师,2012,28(3):21-27.
[35]丁成日.城市“摊大饼”式空间扩张的经济学动力机制[J].城市规划,2005,29(4):56-60.
[2]KELLY K,MACHEMER P L.Urban Growth Boundary:A Policy Brief for the Michigan Legislature[R].Lansing:Department of Geography Michigan State University,2000.
[3]张润朋,周春山.美国城市增长边界研究进展与述评[J].规划师,2010,26(11):89-96.
[4]周春山.城市空间结构与形态[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[5]TAYYEBIA A,PIJANOWSKIA B C,TAYYEBIB A H.An urban growth boundary model using neural networks,GIS and radial parameterization:An application to Tehran,Iran[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2011,30(1/2):35-44.
[6]TAYYEBIA A,PERRYB P C,TAYYEBIC A H.Predicting the expansion of an urban boundary using spatial logistic regression and hybrid raster-vector routines with remote sensing and GIS[J].International Journal of Geographical Information Science,2014,28(4):639-659.
[7]FUGLSANG M,MUNIER B,HANSEN H S.Modelling landuse effects of future urbanization using cellular automata:An Eastern Danish case[J].Environmental Modelling&Software,2013,50(50):1-11.
[8]WHITE R,ENGELEN G,UIJEE I.The use of constrained cellular automata for high-resolution modelling of urban land-use dynamics[J].Environment and Planning B:Planning and Design,1997,24(3):323-343.
[9]WEBER T C.Development and application of a statewide conservation network in Delaware,USA[J].Journal of Conservation Planning,2007,3(1):17-46.
[10]吴箐,钟式玉.城市增长边界研究进展及其中国化探析[J].热带地理,2011,31(4):409-415.
[11]王颖,顾朝林,李晓江.中外城市增长边界研究进展[J].国际城市规划,2014,29(4):1-11.
[12]周锐,王新军,苏海龙,等.基于生态安全格局的城市增长边界划定——以平顶山新区为例[J].城市规划学刊,2014(4):57-63.
[13]王玉国,尹小玲,李贵才.基于土地生态适宜性评价的城市空间增长边界划定——以深汕特别合作区为例[J].城市发展研究,2012,19(11):76-82.
[14]祝仲文,莫滨,谢芙蓉.基于土地生态适宜性评价的城市空间增长边界划定——以防城港市为例[J].规划师,2009,25(11):40-44.
[15]苏伟忠,杨桂山,陈爽,等.城市增长边界分析方法研究——以长江三角洲常州市为例[J].自然资源学报,2012,27(2):322-331.
[16]黎夏,叶嘉安.基于神经网络的单元自动机CA及真实和优化的城市模拟[J].地理学报,2002,57(2):159-166.
[17]张鸿辉,王丽萍,金晓斌,等.基于多智能体系统的城市增长时空动态模拟——以江苏省连云港市为例[J].地理科学,2012,32(11):1289-1296.
[18]刘妙龙,陈鹏.基于细胞自动机与多主体系统理论的城市模拟原型模型[J].地理科学,2006,26(3):292-297.
[19]张学勇,沈体艳,周小虎.城市空间增长边界形成机制研究[J].规划师,2012,28(3):28-34.
[20]龙瀛,韩昊英,毛其智.利用约束性CA制定城市增长边界[J].地理学报,2008,64(8):99-108.
[21]黎夏,叶嘉安.约束性单元自动演化CA模型及可持续城市发展形态的模拟[J].地理学报,1999,54(4):289-298.
[22]李咏华.生态视角下的城市增长边界划定方法——以杭州市为例[J].城市规划,2011,35(12):83-90.
[23]龙瀛,毛其智,沈振江,等.综合约束CA城市模型:规划控制约束及城市增长模拟[J].城市规划学刊,2008(6):83-91.
[24]马世发,张婷,李少英.多尺度联合驱动的城市增长模拟建模[J].地理与地理信息科学,2017,33(2):19-24.
[25]NELSON A.Urban containment American style:A preliminary assessment[A].Urban Sprawl in Western Europe and the United States[C].Ashgate:Aldershot,2004.
[26]PORTER D R.Managing Growth in America′s Communities(Second Edition)[M].Washington:Island Press,2008.
[27]秦萧,沈山,武廷海.基于服务边界的城市空间增长调控[J].城市问题,2012(7):7-12.
[28]韩昊英,冯科,吴次芳.容纳式城市发展政策:国际视野和经验[J].浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版),2009,39(2):162-171.
[29]MARTIN J,PENDALL R,FULTON W.Holding the Line:Urban Containment in the United States[R].Washington,DC:Brookings Institution,2002.
[30]秦萧,沈山,石春艳.空间句法与网络分析相结合的城市服务边界[J].规划师,2012,28(3):80-85.
[31]张振广,张尚武.空间结构导向下城市增长边界划定理念与方法探索——基于杭州市的案例研究[J].城市规划学刊,2013(4):33-41.
[32]吴冬青,冯长春,党宁.美国城市增长管理的方法与启示[J].城市问题,2007(5):86-91.
[33]苏建忠,魏清泉,郭恒亮.广州市的蔓延机理与调控[J].地理学报,2005,60(4):626-636.
[34]王国恩,张媛媛.城市增长边界的效能及对行政区划调整的影响[J].规划师,2012,28(3):21-27.
[35]丁成日.城市“摊大饼”式空间扩张的经济学动力机制[J].城市规划,2005,29(4):56-60.