GEO卫星空间自然强电磁环境与防护综述
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摘要
GEO卫星在轨运行期间,面临着复杂的空间自然强电磁环境,环境中的强电磁脉冲将从"前门"和"后门"两种途径耦合进入星内,对卫星的在轨安全运行构成威胁。本文首先介绍了GEO卫星所面临的空间自然强电磁环境,然后分别就孔缝、光学窗口和穿舱管路、线缆这几种典型的后门耦合通道的特点和研究现状进行了介绍,最后对相应的防护措施进行了总结。
GEO satellite faces complex electromagnetic environment during the service, EMP could couple into the satellite by front-door coupling and back-door coupling and then threaten the safe operation of the satellite in orbit. This paper first introduces the electromagnetic environment faced by GEO satellite in the space, and then introduces the characteristics and current research of the typical back-door coupling path which includes the apertures, optical windows, cables and transmission lines crossing the cabin. The corresponding protection methods are summarized in the end.
GEO satellite faces complex electromagnetic environment during the service, EMP could couple into the satellite by front-door coupling and back-door coupling and then threaten the safe operation of the satellite in orbit. This paper first introduces the electromagnetic environment faced by GEO satellite in the space, and then introduces the characteristics and current research of the typical back-door coupling path which includes the apertures, optical windows, cables and transmission lines crossing the cabin. The corresponding protection methods are summarized in the end.
引文
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[24]常海峰,徐筱麟,鲍峻松.电磁脉冲对孔缝的耦合效应及防护方法的研究[C].2007北京地区高校研究生学术交流会通信与信息技术会议论文集(上册),2008.
[25]陈伟华,张厚,杨宇军.强电磁脉冲环境下计算机设备的防护[J].装备环境工程,2007,4(1):71-74.
[2]NASA-HDBK-4002A,Mitigating In-Space Charging EffectsA,2017-10[S].
[3]Bogorad A,August K,Deeter M,et al.Design approach and spacecraft EMI test methodology for high power communication spacecraft[C].IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility,2011.
[4]CLOSE S,COLESTOCK P,COX L,et al.Electromagnetic pulses generated by meteoroid impacts on spacecraft[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Space Physics,2010,115(A12).
[5]姚骏,崔伟,满孝颖,等.新型卫星结构设计技术[J].中国空间科学技术,2010,30(3):70-75.
[6]周飞.电磁脉冲通过屏蔽体孔缝的耦合特性研究[D].郑州:郑州大学,2011.
[7]BETHE H A.Theory of Diffraction by Small Holes[J].Physical Review,1944,66(7-8):163.
[8]ROBINSON M P,BENSON T M,Christopoulos C,et al.Analytical formulation for the shielding effectiveness of enclosures with apertures[J].IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility,1998,40(3):240-248.
[9]倪勤.电磁脉冲孔缝耦合特性研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2014.
[10]沈小庆,倪谷炎,李颖,等.多孔矩形腔电磁耦合拓扑分解与计算[J].中国电子科学研究院学报,2013,8(3):305-309.
[11]谭云华,王湃,石彩云,et al.特种飞机的强电磁脉冲防护仿真分析研究[C].全国电磁兼容学术会议,2015.
[12]LIEBE C C.Accuracy performance of star trackersA tutorial.IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,2002,38(2):587-599
[13]杨雨川,谭吉春,盛定仪,等.光学窗口的电磁耦合模拟和防护技术[J].电子对抗,2008:42-45.
[14]杨雨川.高功率微波武器对卫星电子系统的威胁及防护技术[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2008.
[15]齐春子,刘旭力.红外地球敏感器地面静电放电模拟试验方法研究[J].空间控制技术与应用,2008,34(5):8-11.
[16]李新峰,魏光辉,潘晓东,等.导线贯通金属腔体电磁辐射耦合电流的计算方法[J].北京理工大学学报,2016(6):625-629.
[17]李新峰,魏光辉,潘晓东,等.导线贯通金属腔体端接负载电磁脉冲响应规律[J].微波学报,2015,31(4):9-15.
[18]李新峰,魏光辉,潘晓东,等.含长贯通导线腔体电磁耦合数值分析与实验研究[J].电波科学学报,2014,29(6).
[19]李新峰,魏光辉,潘晓东,等.贯通导线端接负载对腔体电磁耦合影响分析[J].电波科学学报,2015,30(3).
[20]郝佳,张名毅,丁勤,等.抑制星上穿舱电缆电磁泄漏的包覆工艺技术[J].航天器环境工程,2017,34(4):451-454.
[21]张永庆.电磁脉冲武器及计算机系统防护[C].全国抗恶劣环境计算机学术年会,2005.
[22]卢新科.电磁脉冲的耦合及防护[D].西安:西安电子科技大学,2009.
[23]刘小院,贾建援.强电磁脉冲的孔缝耦合特性及计算机设备的防护[J].电子质量,2010(7):81-84.
[24]常海峰,徐筱麟,鲍峻松.电磁脉冲对孔缝的耦合效应及防护方法的研究[C].2007北京地区高校研究生学术交流会通信与信息技术会议论文集(上册),2008.
[25]陈伟华,张厚,杨宇军.强电磁脉冲环境下计算机设备的防护[J].装备环境工程,2007,4(1):71-74.