湖南省衡东县发现大卫鼠耳蝠
|
摘要
2015年7月26日于湖南省衡东县四方山仙妃洞(26°58′24.93″N,113°3′23.03″E,海拔641 m)捕到1只雌性蝙蝠。该蝙蝠体型较小,前臂长34.54 mm,后足长超过胫长的一半;通体黑褐色,被毛毛尖染有淡棕色,腹毛由前而后淡棕色毛尖逐渐增加,到腹后部几乎形成淡棕色区;颅全长13.34 mm,齿式为2.1.3.3/3.1.3.3=38,初步鉴定为大卫鼠耳蝠(Myotis davidii)。基于线粒体Cyt b基因1 140 bp序列对上述标本与大卫鼠耳蝠不同种群进行系统发育分析,大卫鼠耳蝠是一个单起源的谱系,其种群形成了广东、广西一个支系和江苏、安徽、浙江、湖南、重庆另一个支系,其中,江苏种群和广西种群之间的遗传距离最远。通过形态特征和线粒体Cyt b基因序列鉴定,确认此标本为蝙蝠科(Vespertilionidac)鼠耳蝠属的大卫鼠耳蝠。标本保存于湖南师范大学脊椎动物标本馆。
One female bat was collected in the Xianfei Cave(26°58′24.93″N, 113° 3′23.03″E, alt. 641 m), Sifang Mountain, Hengdong County, Hunan Province, on July26, 2015. The results of morphological measurements and analysis on mitochondrial Cyt b gene proved that this specimen was David′s Myotis(Myotis davidii). The size of this specimen was small with the measurements as forearm length 34.54 mm, foot longer than half of tibia(Fig. 1); skull length was13.34 mm(Table 1), dental formula 2.1.3.3/3.1.3.3=38(Fig. 2). Agarose gel electrophoresis of Cyt b PCR products shows a clear bright band near 1 000 bp(Fig. 3). The genetic distance based on 1 140 bp Cyt b from this specimen and other M. davidiipopulations were inferred using the Neighbor-Joining method(Fig. 4). Molecular phylogenetic analysis shows that M. davidii is monotypic, but with two clades. Populations from Guangdong share the same clade with those from Guangxi, while the populations from Jiangshu, Anhui, Hunan, Chongqing form the other clade. The genetic distance between those populations from Jiangshu and Guangxi is the largest. The specimen is preserved in Vertebrate Specimens Museum of Hunan Normal University.
One female bat was collected in the Xianfei Cave(26°58′24.93″N, 113° 3′23.03″E, alt. 641 m), Sifang Mountain, Hengdong County, Hunan Province, on July26, 2015. The results of morphological measurements and analysis on mitochondrial Cyt b gene proved that this specimen was David′s Myotis(Myotis davidii). The size of this specimen was small with the measurements as forearm length 34.54 mm, foot longer than half of tibia(Fig. 1); skull length was13.34 mm(Table 1), dental formula 2.1.3.3/3.1.3.3=38(Fig. 2). Agarose gel electrophoresis of Cyt b PCR products shows a clear bright band near 1 000 bp(Fig. 3). The genetic distance based on 1 140 bp Cyt b from this specimen and other M. davidiipopulations were inferred using the Neighbor-Joining method(Fig. 4). Molecular phylogenetic analysis shows that M. davidii is monotypic, but with two clades. Populations from Guangdong share the same clade with those from Guangxi, while the populations from Jiangshu, Anhui, Hunan, Chongqing form the other clade. The genetic distance between those populations from Jiangshu and Guangxi is the largest. The specimen is preserved in Vertebrate Specimens Museum of Hunan Normal University.
引文
Bates P J J,Struebig M J,Hayes B D,et al.2007.A new species of Kerivoula(Chiroptera:Vespertilionidae)from Southeast Asia.Acta Chiropterologica,9(2):323-337.
Jiang T L,You Y Y,Liu S,et al.2013.Factors affecting geographic variation in echolocation calls of the endemic Myotis davidii in China.Ethology,119(10):881-890.
Kawai K,Nikaido M,Harada M,et al.2003.The status of the Japanese and East Asian bats of the genus Myotis(Vespertilionidae)based on mitochondrial sequences.Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution,28(2):297-307.
Saitou N,Nei M.1987.The neighbor-joining method:A new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees.Molecular Biology and Evolution,4(4):406-425.
You Y Y,Sun K P,Xu L J,et al.2010.Pleistocene glacial cycle effects on the phylogeography of the Chinese endemic bat species,Myotis davidii.BMC Evolutionary Biology,10(1):1-12.
陈卫,高武,傅必谦.2001.北京兽类志.北京:北京出版社,62-99.
蒋志刚.2015.中国哺乳动物物多样性及地理分布.北京:科学出版社,71-138.
Smith A T,解焱.2009.中国兽类野外手册.长沙:湖南教育出版社,269-358.
王应祥.2003.中国哺乳动物物种和亚种分类名录与分布大全.北京:中国林业出版社,27-60.
杨奇森,夏霖,冯祚建,等.2007.兽类头骨测量标准Ⅴ:食虫目、翼手目.动物学杂志,42(2):56-62.
郑生武,宋世英.2010.秦岭兽类志.北京:中国林业出版社,103-146.
Jiang T L,You Y Y,Liu S,et al.2013.Factors affecting geographic variation in echolocation calls of the endemic Myotis davidii in China.Ethology,119(10):881-890.
Kawai K,Nikaido M,Harada M,et al.2003.The status of the Japanese and East Asian bats of the genus Myotis(Vespertilionidae)based on mitochondrial sequences.Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution,28(2):297-307.
Saitou N,Nei M.1987.The neighbor-joining method:A new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees.Molecular Biology and Evolution,4(4):406-425.
You Y Y,Sun K P,Xu L J,et al.2010.Pleistocene glacial cycle effects on the phylogeography of the Chinese endemic bat species,Myotis davidii.BMC Evolutionary Biology,10(1):1-12.
陈卫,高武,傅必谦.2001.北京兽类志.北京:北京出版社,62-99.
蒋志刚.2015.中国哺乳动物物多样性及地理分布.北京:科学出版社,71-138.
Smith A T,解焱.2009.中国兽类野外手册.长沙:湖南教育出版社,269-358.
王应祥.2003.中国哺乳动物物种和亚种分类名录与分布大全.北京:中国林业出版社,27-60.
杨奇森,夏霖,冯祚建,等.2007.兽类头骨测量标准Ⅴ:食虫目、翼手目.动物学杂志,42(2):56-62.
郑生武,宋世英.2010.秦岭兽类志.北京:中国林业出版社,103-146.