逐级堆排尾矿泥浆排水固结规律试验
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摘要
设置竖向排水体可有效加快湿堆尾矿泥浆排水固结,提高土体稳定性。为研究排水体作用下逐级堆排尾矿泥浆排水固结规律,通过模型试验对其排水固结过程进行了模拟。试验结果表明:各层孔隙水压力与沉降在土体排水固结过程中变化并不完全同步,应力变化滞后于应变变化;停排期第35 d后孔隙水压力值降幅明显减小,由外加水头下自由水渗流转变为孔隙水渗流;进一步将逐级堆排尾矿排水过程分为沉降絮凝、絮凝压缩、絮体压缩固结、覆水自重固结阶段及自重压缩固结5个阶段;建立了排水体作用下尾矿孔隙渗流模型,并根据该模型计算排水体不同堆积高度最大影响半径,最大影响半径随尾矿的固结程度的提高而逐渐变小,第35 d后0.5 m及1.0 m堆积高度影响半径分别降低至约1.7 m及2.2 m。
Drainage consolidation of wet heaping tailings slurry can be accelerated effectively by adding vertical drainage to improve the stability of soil mass. In order to research the drainage consolidation law of step heaping tailings slurry under the action of drainage,the drainage consolidation process was simulated by model experiments. The test results showed that: in the process of soil drainage consolidation,the changes on both pore water pressure and settlement in different layers are not fully synchronized with the stress change behind the strain change;After the heaping stops at day 35 th,the pore water pressure dropped obviously,and the free water seepage was transiting into the pore water seepage under the external water head. The drainage process of step heaping tailings can be divided into 5 stages such as settlement flocculation,flocculation compression,compression consolidation of flocs,overlying water self-weight consolidation and self-weight compression consolidation;a pore seepage model of tailings under the action of drainage body was established,and the maximum influence radius with different heaping height of drainage body has been calculated by this model,indicating that the maximum influence radius decreased with the increasing of tailings consolidation. The influence radius of the drainage with 0.5 m and 1.0 m heaping height are respectively decreased to about 1.7 m and 2.2 m after 35 days.
Drainage consolidation of wet heaping tailings slurry can be accelerated effectively by adding vertical drainage to improve the stability of soil mass. In order to research the drainage consolidation law of step heaping tailings slurry under the action of drainage,the drainage consolidation process was simulated by model experiments. The test results showed that: in the process of soil drainage consolidation,the changes on both pore water pressure and settlement in different layers are not fully synchronized with the stress change behind the strain change;After the heaping stops at day 35 th,the pore water pressure dropped obviously,and the free water seepage was transiting into the pore water seepage under the external water head. The drainage process of step heaping tailings can be divided into 5 stages such as settlement flocculation,flocculation compression,compression consolidation of flocs,overlying water self-weight consolidation and self-weight compression consolidation;a pore seepage model of tailings under the action of drainage body was established,and the maximum influence radius with different heaping height of drainage body has been calculated by this model,indicating that the maximum influence radius decreased with the increasing of tailings consolidation. The influence radius of the drainage with 0.5 m and 1.0 m heaping height are respectively decreased to about 1.7 m and 2.2 m after 35 days.
引文
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[2]欧孝夺,吴光航,苏建,等.一种逐级湿堆尾矿加速排水固结的装置[P].中国专利:2015104492372,2017-3-1.Ou Xiaoduo,Wu Guanghang,Su Jian,et al.A Device for Accelerating Drainage Consolidation of Progressively Wet Stack Tailings[P].China Patent:2015104492372,2017-3-1.
[3]Shamsai A,Pak A,Bateni S M,et al.Geotechnical characteristics of copper mine tailings:a case study[J].Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,2007,25(5):591-602.
[4]Keller J,Milczarek M,Yao T M,et al.The effect of tailings characteristics on cover system success[C]//Tailings and Mine Waste'10:Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Tailings and Mine Wast.Vail:CRC Press/balkema,2011:121-130.
[5]刘庭发,张鹏伟,胡黎明,等.含硫铜矿尾矿料的工程力学特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2013,35(增刊1):166-169.Liu Tingfa,Zhang Pengwei,Hu Liming et al.Experimental study on mechanical characteristics of copper tailing materials with sulfur conten[tJ].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2013,35(S1):166-169.
[6]朱时廷,侯运炳,陈林林等.全尾砂沉降性能及其影响因素[J].地下空间与工程学报,2017,13(4):931-937.Zhu Shiting,Hou Yunbing,Chen Linlin,et al.Settling performance of total tailings slurry and its influencing factors[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2017,13(4):931-937.
[7]Ou X D,Yang J W,Yin X T,et al.Experimental Study on mechanism for self-Weight consolidation of the red mud tailings placed in the Karsts[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2011,90/93:3102-3107.
[8]Tilston M,Arnott R W C,Rennie C D,et al.The influence of grain size on the velocity and sediment concentration profiles and depositional record of turbidity currents[J].Geology,2015,43(9):839-842.
[9]巫尚蔚,杨春和,张超,等.尾矿浆沉积室内模拟试验[J].工程科学学报,2017(10):1485-1492.Wu ShangWei,Yang Chunhe,Zhang Chao,et al.Indoor scale-down test of tailings[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering,2017(10):1485-1492.0
[10]Imai G.Experimental studies on sedimentation mechanism and sediment formation of clay materials[J].Soils and Foundations,1981,21(1):7-20.
[11]Imai G.Settling behavior of clay suspension[J].Soils and Foundations,1980,20(2):61-77.
[12]张楠,朱伟,王亮,等.吹填泥浆中土颗粒沉降-固结规律研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34(6):1681-1686.Zhang Nan,Zhu Wei,Wang Liang.Study of sedimentation and consolidation of soil particles in dredged slurry[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(6):1681-1686.
[13]冀国栋,杨春和,徐玉龙,等.盐腔内回填碱渣沉降固结特性室内试验研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(2):407-412.Ji Guodong,Yang Chunhe,Xu Yulong,et al.Laboratory test study of sedimentation and consolidation behaviors of alkali waste backfill in salt caverns[J].Rock Soil Mechanics,2014,35(2):407-412.
[14]徐玉龙,杨春和,陈锋,等.碱渣回填地下废弃盐腔室内一维沉降试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2014,36(3):589-596.Xu Yulong,Yang Chunheng,Chen Feng,et al.Experimental study on one-dimensional settlement of alkali wastes backfilled to abandoned salt caverns[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2014,36(3):589-596.
[15]Wintrwerp J C.On the flocculation and settling velocity of estuarine mud[J].Continental Shelf Research,2002(22):1339-1360.
[16]柴朝晖,杨国录,陈萌,等.黏性细颗粒泥沙静水絮凝-沉降模拟[J].工程科学与技术,2012,44(增1):48-53.Chai Zhaohui,Yang Guolu,Chen Meng,et al,Simulation of flocculation-settling for cohesive fine sediment in still water[J].Advanced Engineering Sciences,2012,44(S1):48-53.
[17]欧孝夺,廖有芳,苏建,等.湿堆尾矿双向排水大变形固结计算模型[J].水利水电科技进展,2014,34(5):28-34.Ou Xiaoduo,Liao Youfang,Su Jian,et al.Large-strain consolidation calculation model on both horizontal and vertical drainage of wet filling tailings[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2014,34(5):28-34.
[18]宋志飞,王建强,赵法亮.浑水入渗对尾矿坝稳定性的影响[J].金属矿山,2016(5):183-186.Song Zhifei,Wang Jianqiang,Zhao Faliang.Influence on stability of tailings dam under muddy water infiltration[J].Metal Mine,2016(5):183-186.