海南岛东北部海域海砂资源特征及成因
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摘要
海南岛周边浅海海砂资源丰富,其东北部海域砂、砾质沉积物分布面积可达数百平方千米,平均厚度超过10m,均为全新世海相沉积。通过对海南岛东北部海域的水深、地层、沉积物粒度等方面的调查,研究了该区域海砂资源的分布、范围、规模、厚度及沉积环境,对海砂的质量和开发利用进行了初步分析。其中,位于琼州海峡东口的潮流沙脊区是海砂的主要分布区域,沉积厚度在20m以上,海砂分选好、次圆状,砂含量超过80%,海砂各项指标良好,用途广泛。研究区海砂资源主要受海底地形和潮流的共同作用而形成,属全新世陆架潮流沉积体系,近岸处亦受到陆域物质输入和浅水波浪的影响,沉积物来源主要为琼州海峡内部和粤西,海南岛的物质供给可能相对较少。
Holocene marine sands or marine aggregates are widely distributed in the water off the northeastern Hainan Island.It may reach hundreds of square kilometers in area,and more than 10 meters in thickness.Based on the survey of water depth,sediment particle size and other geological properties,the regional distribution pattern,scale and size,thickness and sedimentary environments are studied,and the quality and economic significances preliminary evaluated in this paper.High quality marine sannds are mainly distributed in the tidal ridge area of the East mouth of the Qiongzhou Strait,where the deposits are as thick as 20 meters and consist of subrounded grains.The content of sand is higher than 80%.The Sea sands are believed to be the joint product of topography and tidal current or the Holocene tidal depositional system on continental shelf.The nearshore areas are mainly supplied by the sediments from the inner Qiongzhou Strait and the West Guangdong Province,and the material supply from Hainan Island are relatively small.
Holocene marine sands or marine aggregates are widely distributed in the water off the northeastern Hainan Island.It may reach hundreds of square kilometers in area,and more than 10 meters in thickness.Based on the survey of water depth,sediment particle size and other geological properties,the regional distribution pattern,scale and size,thickness and sedimentary environments are studied,and the quality and economic significances preliminary evaluated in this paper.High quality marine sannds are mainly distributed in the tidal ridge area of the East mouth of the Qiongzhou Strait,where the deposits are as thick as 20 meters and consist of subrounded grains.The content of sand is higher than 80%.The Sea sands are believed to be the joint product of topography and tidal current or the Holocene tidal depositional system on continental shelf.The nearshore areas are mainly supplied by the sediments from the inner Qiongzhou Strait and the West Guangdong Province,and the material supply from Hainan Island are relatively small.
引文
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[2]苏东甫,王桂全.我国海砂资源开发现状与管理对策探讨[J].海洋开发与管理,2010(4):64-67.
[3]邵厥年,陶维屏.矿产资源工业要求手册[M].2010年第1版.北京:地质出版社,2014:563-585.
[4]王圣洁,刘锡清,戴勤奋,等.中国海砂资源分布特征及找矿方向[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2003,23(3):83-89.
[5]孙岩,韩昌甫.我国滨海砂矿资源分布及开发[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1999,19(1):117-121.
[6]曹雪晴,谭启新,张勇,等.中国近海建筑砂矿床特征[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2007,26(2):164-170.
[7]张虎男,陈伟光.琼州海峡成因初探[J].海洋学报,1987,9(5):594-602.
[8]李占海,柯贤坤,王倩,等.琼州海峡水沙输运特征研究[J].地理研究,2003,22(2):151-159.
[9]李占海,柯贤坤.琼州海峡潮流沉积物通量初步研究[J].海洋通报,2000,19(6):42-49.
[10]陈达森,陈波,严金辉,等.琼州海峡余流场季节性变化特征[J].海洋湖沼通报,2006(2):12-17.
[11]刘振夏,夏东兴,王揆洋.中国陆架潮流沉积体系和模式[J].海洋与湖沼,1998,29(2):141-147.
[12]陈亮,张玉芬,李团结,等.琼州海峡及周边海域沉积环境及近万年以来沉积演化[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2014,39(6):696-704.
[13]陈海洲,王宝灿,谢琳.海口白沙浅滩的形成与演变[J].海岸工程,2011,30(4):37-45.
[14]谭启新,孙岩.中国滨海砂矿[M].北京:科学出版社,1988:83-142.
[15]许冬,初友凤,李家彪,等.粤西—琼东北近海沉积物的运移和沉积[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2014,44(3):905-917.
[16]彭学超.琼州海峡地质构造特征及成因分析[J].南海地质研究,2000(12):44-57.
[17]陈哲培.海南省岩石地层[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1997:69-81.
[18]Li G,Yan W,Zhong L F,et al.Provenance of heavy mineral deposits on the northwestern shelf of the South China Sea,evidence from single-mineral chemistry[J].Marine Geology,2015,363:112-124.
[19]Zhong L F,Li G,Yan W,et al.Using zircon U-Pb ages to constrain the provenance and transport of heavy minerals within the northwestern shelf of the South China Sea[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2017,134:176-190.
[20]赵焕庭,王丽荣,袁家义.琼州海峡成因与时代[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2007,27(2):33-40.
[21]陈沈良.琼州海峡南岸海岸动力地貌研究[J]热带海洋,1998(7):35-42.