高新技术企业多元合作研发模式选择——内部研发的调节作用
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摘要
以资源基础理论、交易成本理论为基础,探讨了开放环境下企业不同合作研发模式对创新绩效的影响,以及知识和技术的中介作用与内部研发的调节作用。基于2014-2016年816家河北省高新技术企业数据的长短期对照检验结果表明:不同合作研发模式对创新绩效有不同影响,且无论长短期,境外合作的影响最强,产学、产政合作长期效应强,产研合作短期效应强;知识和技术起部分中介作用,内部研发正向调节产学、产政合作绩效,负向调节产研、境外合作绩效。研究结论对于高新技术企业选择研发战略具有重要意义。
Based on the resource-based theory and transaction cost theory, this paper discusses the impact of different corporate R&D models on innovation performance in an open environment, and analyzes the mediating role of knowledge and technology as well as the regulatory role of internal R&D.The study used the data of 816 high-tech enterprises in Hebei from 2014 to 2016 to conduct long-term and short-term comparative tests.The results show that different cooperative R&D have different effects on innovation performance, the effects of overseas cooperation are always the greatest.The long-term effects of Industry-government cooperation andIndustry-University cooperation are strong, the short-term effect of Industry-Institute cooperation is strong.Knowledge and technology play a mediating role between them.Internal R&D is enhancing the cooperation performance of Industry-University and Industry-government, and weakening the cooperation performance of Industry-Institute and overseas.Research is of great significance for the selection of R&D strategies for high-tech companies.
Based on the resource-based theory and transaction cost theory, this paper discusses the impact of different corporate R&D models on innovation performance in an open environment, and analyzes the mediating role of knowledge and technology as well as the regulatory role of internal R&D.The study used the data of 816 high-tech enterprises in Hebei from 2014 to 2016 to conduct long-term and short-term comparative tests.The results show that different cooperative R&D have different effects on innovation performance, the effects of overseas cooperation are always the greatest.The long-term effects of Industry-government cooperation andIndustry-University cooperation are strong, the short-term effect of Industry-Institute cooperation is strong.Knowledge and technology play a mediating role between them.Internal R&D is enhancing the cooperation performance of Industry-University and Industry-government, and weakening the cooperation performance of Industry-Institute and overseas.Research is of great significance for the selection of R&D strategies for high-tech companies.
引文
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[26] LAWSON B, PETERSEN K J, COUSINS P D, et al.Knowledge sharing in interorganizational product development teams: the effect of formal and informal socialization mechanisms[J].Journal of Product Innovation Management, 2009, 26(2):156-172.
[27] HARGADON A, SUTTON R I.Technology brokering and innovation in a product development firm[J].Administrative Science Quarterly, 1997, 42(4):716-749.
[28] AHUJA G.Collaboration networks, structural holes, and innovation: a longitudinal study[J].Administrative Science Quarterly, 2000, 45(3):425-455.
[29] 王朝晖.企业跨组织研发合作与创新绩效的曲线关系研究:研发人力资本的中介作用[J].科技与经济,2017,30(6):81-85.
[30] 王文华,张卓,孙杨.外部技术相对异质性影响企业绩效研究——二元内部研发的调节作用[J].研究与发展管理,2017,29(3):110-119.
[31] 温忠麟,侯杰泰,张雷.调节效应与中介效应的比较和应用[J].心理学报,2005(2):268-274.
[2] 李随成,杨婷.研发合作企业间知识共享与合作绩效的关系[J].科技进步与对策,2007(10):180-184.
[3] EMILIE-PAULINE GALLIE, PASCALE ROUX.Forms and determinants of R&D collaborations: evidence based on french data[J].Industry & Innovation, 2008, 17(6):551-576.
[4] BAI Y, O'BRIEN G C.The strategic motives behind firm's engagement in cooperative research and development[J].Journal of Modelling in Management, 2008, 3(2):162-181.
[5] DAHLANDER L,GANN DM.Sciencedirect-research policy: how open is innovation[J].Research Policy, 2010, 39(6): 699-709.
[6] HANEL P, ST-PIERRE M.Industry-university collaboration by Canadian manufacturing firms[J].Journal of Technology Transfer, 2006, 31(4):485-499.
[7] SIMONEN J, MCCANN P.Firm innovation: the influence of R&D cooperation and the geography of human capital inputs[J].Journal of Urban Economics, 2008, 64(1):146-154.
[8] TOMLINSON P R.Co-operative ties and innovation: some new evidence for UK manufacturing[J].Research Policy, 2010, 39(6):762-775.
[9] SHIN K, SANG J K, PARK G.How does the partner type in R&D alliances impact technological innovation performance? a study on the Korean biotechnology industry[J].Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 2016, 33(1):141-164.
[10] 王龙伟,任胜钢,谢恩.合作研发对企业创新绩效的影响研究——基于治理机制的调节分析[J].科学学研究,2011,29(5):785-792.
[11] 姚潇颖,卫平,李健.产学研合作模式及其影响因素的异质性研究——基于中国战略新兴产业的微观调查数据[J].科研管理,2017,38(8):1-10.
[12] CASSIMAN B, VEUGELERS R.In search of complementarity in innovation strategy: internal R&D and external knowledge acquisition[M].INFORMS, 2006, 52(1):68-82.
[13] KIM Y, SKILTON P F, CHOI T Y.Buyer-supplier embeddedness and patterns of innovation[J].International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 2015, 35(3):318-345.
[14] 俞金红,于明超.合作创新对企业创新绩效影响的实证分析[J].中国科技论坛,2017(10):65-71
[15] BELDERBOS R,CARREE M,LOKSHIN B, et al.Inter-temporal patterns of R&D collaboration and innovative performance[J].Journal of Technology Transfer, 2015, 40(1): 123-137.
[16] UN C A, CUERVO-CAZURRA A, ASAKAWA K.R&D collaborations and product innovation[J].Journal of Product Innovation Management, 2010, 27(5):673-689.
[17] BISHOP K, D'ESTE P, NEELY A.Gaining from interactions with universities: multiple methods for nurturing absorptive capacity[J].Research Policy, 2011, 40(1):30-40.
[18] 王晓燕,俞峰,钟昌标.研发国际化对中国企业创新绩效的影响——基于“政治关联”视角[J].世界经济研究,2017(3):78-86+135.
[19] ARVANITIS S, KUBLI U, WOERTER M.University-industry knowledge and technology transfer in switzerland: what university scientists think about co-operation with private enterprises[J].Research Policy, 2008, 37(10):1865-1883.
[20] 秦雪征,尹志锋,周建波,等.国家科技计划与中小型企业创新:基于匹配模型的分析[J].管理世界,2012(4):70-81.
[21] 陈庆江.政府科技投入能否提高企业技术创新效率[J].经济管理,2017,39(2):6-19.
[22] MININA A D, GAMMELTOFT P.Chinese foreign direct investment in R&D in europe: a new model of R&D internationalization?[J].European Management Journal, 2012, 30(3):189-203.
[23] ALNUAIMI T, SINGH J, GEORGE G.Not with my own: long-term effects of cross-country collaboration on subsidiary innovation in emerging economies versus advanced economies[J].Social Science Electronic Publishing, 2012, 12(5):943-968.
[24] RICHARDS M, YANG Y.Modes of international external technology innovation: evidence from a global sample[J].International Journal of Strategic Business Alliances, 2010, 1(4):337-363.
[25] 杨震宁,李东红,王以华.中国企业研发国际化:动因、结构和趋势[J].南开管理评论,2010,13(4):44-55.
[26] LAWSON B, PETERSEN K J, COUSINS P D, et al.Knowledge sharing in interorganizational product development teams: the effect of formal and informal socialization mechanisms[J].Journal of Product Innovation Management, 2009, 26(2):156-172.
[27] HARGADON A, SUTTON R I.Technology brokering and innovation in a product development firm[J].Administrative Science Quarterly, 1997, 42(4):716-749.
[28] AHUJA G.Collaboration networks, structural holes, and innovation: a longitudinal study[J].Administrative Science Quarterly, 2000, 45(3):425-455.
[29] 王朝晖.企业跨组织研发合作与创新绩效的曲线关系研究:研发人力资本的中介作用[J].科技与经济,2017,30(6):81-85.
[30] 王文华,张卓,孙杨.外部技术相对异质性影响企业绩效研究——二元内部研发的调节作用[J].研究与发展管理,2017,29(3):110-119.
[31] 温忠麟,侯杰泰,张雷.调节效应与中介效应的比较和应用[J].心理学报,2005(2):268-274.