不同岩性煤岩体声发射特征参数及破坏前兆信息研究
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摘要
针对煤矿工程现场中动力灾害频发,灾害前兆信息难以预测的难题,通过室内试验,开展了不同岩性煤岩体材料声发射特征参数及破坏前兆信息的研究,揭示了不同岩性煤岩体破坏特征及声发射特征,并获得了其破坏前兆信息。结果表明:不同岩性煤岩体材料宏观破坏特征基本相似,但其破坏阶段、破坏过程和破坏特征呈现一定的差异;不同岩性煤岩体的声发射特征值大小不同,但演化规律整体上呈现一致性,具体表现为:压密阶段声发射呈"稳定增高"状态,弹性阶段声发射呈"稳定沉默"状态,弹塑性阶段声发射呈"急剧变化"状态;在弹塑性阶段,当达到应力峰值的过程中出现短暂的"声发射平静期",这显然与临界慢化理论相吻合,故将其定义为致灾"前兆信息点"。
Aiming at the frequent occurrence of dynamic disasters in coal mine engineering sites,the disaster precursor information is difficult to predict. Through the laboratory tests,studies have been conducted on the acoustic emission characteristics of different lithologic coal-rock materials, revealing the damage characteristics and acoustic emission characteristics of different lithologic coal-rock materials,and obtaining precursory information of rock destruction. The results show that the macroscopic damage characteristics of different lithologic coal-rock materials are basically similar,but the destructive stage,damage process and damage characteristics present a certain degree of differences; the acoustic emission eigenvalues of different lithologic coal-rock materials are different,but the evolution rules are roughly the same. The specific expression is that the acoustic emission in the compaction stage is "stable and increasing". In the stress elastic phase,the acoustic emission is "stable silence",and the acoustic emission in the stress elastoplastic stage is "rapid change". In the process of reaching the critical point in the elastoplastic stage,the short-time"quiet period of acoustic emission"is presented,which is also consistent with the critical moderation theory and defines it as disaster"precursor information point".
Aiming at the frequent occurrence of dynamic disasters in coal mine engineering sites,the disaster precursor information is difficult to predict. Through the laboratory tests,studies have been conducted on the acoustic emission characteristics of different lithologic coal-rock materials, revealing the damage characteristics and acoustic emission characteristics of different lithologic coal-rock materials,and obtaining precursory information of rock destruction. The results show that the macroscopic damage characteristics of different lithologic coal-rock materials are basically similar,but the destructive stage,damage process and damage characteristics present a certain degree of differences; the acoustic emission eigenvalues of different lithologic coal-rock materials are different,but the evolution rules are roughly the same. The specific expression is that the acoustic emission in the compaction stage is "stable and increasing". In the stress elastic phase,the acoustic emission is "stable silence",and the acoustic emission in the stress elastoplastic stage is "rapid change". In the process of reaching the critical point in the elastoplastic stage,the short-time"quiet period of acoustic emission"is presented,which is also consistent with the critical moderation theory and defines it as disaster"precursor information point".
引文
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[3]吴贤振,刘祥鑫,梁正召,等.不同岩石破裂全过程的声发射序列分形特征试验研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(12):3561-3569.
[4]张艳博,梁鹏,田宝柱,等.花岗岩灾变声发射信号多参量耦合分析及主破裂前兆特征试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(11):2248-2258.
[5]张艳博,于光远,田宝柱,等.花岗岩破裂过程声发射主频多元前兆信息识别[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2017,34(2):355-362.
[6]孔祥国,王恩元,胡少斌,等.含瓦斯型煤破坏临界慢化前兆特征研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(1):1-7.
[7]尹光志,秦虎,黄滚.不同应力路径下含瓦斯煤岩渗流特性与声发射特征实验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(7):1315-1320.
[8]张黎明,王在泉,石磊,等.不同应力路径下大理岩破坏过程的声发射特性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(6):1230-1236.
[9]魏嘉磊,刘善军,吴立新,等.含孔岩石双轴加载过程声发射多参数特征对比分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015,32(6):1017-1025.
[10]李果,艾婷,于斌,等.不同岩性巴西劈裂试验的声发射特征[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(4):870-881.