叶尔羌河流域胡杨春尺蠖虫态发育节律对地表温度的响应
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摘要
以叶尔羌河流域胡杨林分布区为研究区域,以胡杨春尺蠖(Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff)为研究对象,借助遥感技术和MODIS等遥感产品,分析2001—2015年的胡杨春尺蠖活动期温度变化特征,结合实地调查的胡杨春尺蠖虫情信息,分析近15年来胡杨春尺蠖虫态发育节律与温度的关系,为进一步探究叶尔羌河流域胡杨春尺蠖危害发生时间、发生规律、危害程度及时间分布规律提供科学依据。结果表明:(1)2001—2015年胡杨春尺蠖活动期平均温度整体变化趋势基本稳定, 2、3、4月份平均温度总体变化趋势持续降低,温度回升速度变慢,胡杨春尺蠖的危害期逐渐延长;(2)虫蛹总数、虫卵数量、虫口密度均呈现增长的态势,表明胡杨春尺蠖虫害发生程度日趋严重;(3)治理胡杨春尺蠖幼虫的最佳时期是三龄幼虫之前,胡杨春尺蠖各虫态与温度之间的关系是符合生物学发生规律的,具体关系如下:V=0.0920/1+exp(2.4860-0.0887T)(春尺蛾活动期), V=0.9828/1+exp(4.4052-101268T)(卵活动期), V=0.1410/1+exp(3.7863-0.1595T)(幼虫活动期)。
In this study, the distribution area of Populus euphratica in the Yarkant River Basin was taken as the research area.The Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff was taken as the research object. By using remote sensing technology,MODIS remote sensing data and we obtained the information of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff, and analyzed the temperature change characteristics in activity phase and relationship between temperature and developmental rhythm of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff during 2001-2015. It can provide scientific basis for further exploring on the time, law, degree and time distribution of disaster outbreak in of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff in Yarkant River Basin. The results are as follows.(1) The overall change trend of average temperature in activity phase was basically stable of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff during 2001-2015. The overall trend of average temperature in February, March and April continued to decrease, and the rate of temperature recovery slowed down.The harm period was prolonged gradually of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff.(2) The total number of pupae, the number of eggs and the population density all showed an increasing trend, indicating that the disaster caused by Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff was getting worse.(3) The first and second instar larvae were the best time to control the disaster of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff. The relationship between the temperature and the state of each insect conforms of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff obeyed to the law of biological occurrence.They were shown as: V=0.0920/1+exp(2.4860-0.0887 T)(Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff activity phase), V=0.9828/1+exp(4.4052-101268 T)(Egg activity phase), V=0.1410/1+exp(3.7863-0.1595 T)(Larval active phase).
In this study, the distribution area of Populus euphratica in the Yarkant River Basin was taken as the research area.The Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff was taken as the research object. By using remote sensing technology,MODIS remote sensing data and we obtained the information of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff, and analyzed the temperature change characteristics in activity phase and relationship between temperature and developmental rhythm of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff during 2001-2015. It can provide scientific basis for further exploring on the time, law, degree and time distribution of disaster outbreak in of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff in Yarkant River Basin. The results are as follows.(1) The overall change trend of average temperature in activity phase was basically stable of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff during 2001-2015. The overall trend of average temperature in February, March and April continued to decrease, and the rate of temperature recovery slowed down.The harm period was prolonged gradually of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff.(2) The total number of pupae, the number of eggs and the population density all showed an increasing trend, indicating that the disaster caused by Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff was getting worse.(3) The first and second instar larvae were the best time to control the disaster of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff. The relationship between the temperature and the state of each insect conforms of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff obeyed to the law of biological occurrence.They were shown as: V=0.0920/1+exp(2.4860-0.0887 T)(Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff activity phase), V=0.9828/1+exp(4.4052-101268 T)(Egg activity phase), V=0.1410/1+exp(3.7863-0.1595 T)(Larval active phase).
引文
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[2]GAO Guanlong,ZHANG Xiaoyou,YU Tengfei,et al.Comparison of Three Evapotranspiration Models with Eddy Covariance Measurements for a Populus Euphratica Oliv.forest in an Arid Region of Northwestern China[J].Journal of Arid Land,2016,8(1):146-156.
[3]WEI Wei,KASIMU RENA,YANG Xiuwei.New Salicin Derivatives From the Leaves of Populus Euphratica[J].Journal of Asian Natural Products Research,2015,17(5):6-491.
[4]马飞,许晓风,翟保平,等.害虫灾害研究的复杂性理论框架[J].昆虫知识,2003,40(4):307-312.
[5]刘智军.基于MODIS遥感数据的松毛虫灾变预警模型研究[D].昆明:西南林学院,2008.
[6]JIAN Shengqi,ZHAO Chuanyan,ZHAO Yang.Based on Remote Sensing Processing Technology Estimating Leaves Stomatal Density of Populus Euphratica[C]//Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium,2011:547-550.
[7]ARTO H,SEPPO N.Detection of Dead Or Defoliated Spruces Using Digital Aerial Data.[J].Forest Ecology&Management,2002,160(1):97-107.
[8]TAYIERJIANG A,UMUT H,ALISHIR K,et al.Eco-morphological Response of Floodplain Forests(Populus Euphratica Oliv.)to Water Diversion in the Lower Tarim River,Northwest China[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2015,73(2):533-545.
[9]高永刚,刘丹,张福娟,等.卫星遥感在森林病虫害监测上的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(2):113-117.
[10]黄铁成.新疆塔里木河流域吐加依林春尺蠖危害遥感监测研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆师范大学,2012.
[11]李琴,陈曦,包安明,等.干旱/半干旱区MODIS地表温度反演与验证研究[J].遥感技术与应用,2008,23(6):643-647.
[12]冯宏祖,王兰,胡卫江,等.沙雅县天然胡杨林春尺蠖发生规律的初步研究[J].新疆农业科学,2005(1):57-58.
[13]马建军,姚虹,齐志利.春尺蠖越冬蛹羽化特性及幼虫空间分布研究[J].中国森林病虫,2010,29(1):10-12.
[14]汪学俭,王辉锋.尺蛾科雌蛾无翅类群重要害虫春尺蠖的研究综述[J].山地农业生物学报,2014,33(4):84-88.
[15]杨乃丰,由淑贞,井桂青.临清市春尺蠖生物学特性研究[J].现代农业科技,2011(17):159-160.
[16]李兰,阿地力·沙塔尔,玛依拉,等.春尺蠖羽化期监测及其无公害防治试验[J].新疆农业科学,2010,47(6):1137-1141.