不同污泥龄厌氧氨氧化菌的脱氮效能及其动力学特性
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摘要
为研究不同污泥龄(SRT)条件下厌氧氨氧化菌的脱氮效能和动力学特性,采用一组SBR反应器研究梯度降低污泥龄过程中系统的NO2--N去除负荷(Nr)和NO2--N污泥负荷(Ns),并对各阶段厌氧氨氧化过程动力学特性进行分析.结果表明,污泥龄由21 d梯度降低到12 d,Nr由0.590 kg/(m3·d)降低到0.493 kg/(m3·d),单位MLVSS Ns由0.178 kg/(kg·d)提升到0.297 kg/(kg·d),系统整体的脱氮性能有所下降,但单位质量的厌氧氨氧化菌脱氮效率显著提升;采用莫诺(Monod)模型可以较好地模拟不同污泥龄运行阶段厌氧氨氧化菌的动力学行为,动力学分析表明,随着污泥龄的降低,NO2--N的最大比降解速率vmax由0.406 d-1提高到0.826 d-1,半饱和常数Ks由23.3 mg/L增加到95.3 mg/L,梯度降低污泥龄能够筛选纯化生长速率较快的厌氧氨氧化菌菌种,提升NO2--N的最大比降解速率,但厌氧氨氧化菌对底物的亲和性会逐渐变差,稳定性降低.
The experiment was to explore the effect of different SRT on the nitrogen removal efficiency and kinetic characteristics of An AOB by studying the variation of nitrite removal loads( Nr),nitrite sludge loads( Ns) and kinetic characteristics with gradient decrease of SRT in a SBR. The results showed that with SRT decreasing from21 d to 12 d,Nrdecreased from 0. 590 kg/( m3·d) to 0. 493 kg/( m3·d) while Nsincreased from 0. 178 kg/( kg·d) to 0. 297 kg/( kg·d),and the N-removal performance of the whole system was reduced but the Nremoval efficiency of unit mass of An AOB was significantly improved. The Monod model can well simulate the kinetic behavior of An AOB at different SRT. The maximum specific degradation rate( vmax) increased from0. 406 d-1 to 0. 826 d-1 and the semi-saturated constant( Ks) increased from 23. 3 mg/L to 95. 3 mg/L,which indicated that gradiently decreasing SRT can screen and purify An AOB with faster grow rate,while the affinity for the substrate gradually deteriorated and the stability decreased.
The experiment was to explore the effect of different SRT on the nitrogen removal efficiency and kinetic characteristics of An AOB by studying the variation of nitrite removal loads( Nr),nitrite sludge loads( Ns) and kinetic characteristics with gradient decrease of SRT in a SBR. The results showed that with SRT decreasing from21 d to 12 d,Nrdecreased from 0. 590 kg/( m3·d) to 0. 493 kg/( m3·d) while Nsincreased from 0. 178 kg/( kg·d) to 0. 297 kg/( kg·d),and the N-removal performance of the whole system was reduced but the Nremoval efficiency of unit mass of An AOB was significantly improved. The Monod model can well simulate the kinetic behavior of An AOB at different SRT. The maximum specific degradation rate( vmax) increased from0. 406 d-1 to 0. 826 d-1 and the semi-saturated constant( Ks) increased from 23. 3 mg/L to 95. 3 mg/L,which indicated that gradiently decreasing SRT can screen and purify An AOB with faster grow rate,while the affinity for the substrate gradually deteriorated and the stability decreased.
引文
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[12]魏琛,陆天友,盛贵尚,等.污泥龄对高质量浓度含氮废水亚硝化稳定性的影响研究[J].环境工程,2010,28(1):29-32.DOI:10.13205/j.hjgc.2010.01.011.WEI Chen,LU Tianyou,SHENG Guishang,et al.Influence of sludge retention time on nitrosation stability of high concentration nitric wastewater[J].Environmental Engineering,2010,28(1):29-32.DOI:10.13205/j.hjgc.2010.01.011.
[13]孙月鹏,王火青,孙广垠,等.不同污泥龄条件下多级AO工艺强化生物脱氮性能研究[J].水处理技术,2014,40(10):47-52.SUN Yuepeng,WANG Huoqing,SUN Guangyin,et al.Characteristics of enhanced biological nitrogen removal in multiple anoxic and aerobic processes under different sludge retention times[J].Technology of Water Treatment,2014,40(10):47-52.
[14]李凌云,彭永臻,杨庆,等.SBR工艺短程硝化快速启动条件的优化[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(3):312-317.LI Linyun,PENG Yongzhen,YANG Qing,et al.Factors optimization of rapid start-up for nitrification in SBR process[J].China Environmental Science,2009,29(3):312-317.
[15]NI Shouqing,YUE Qinyan,GAO Baoyu,et al.Substrate removal evaluation of granular anammox process in a pilot-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor[J].Ecological Engineering,2012,38:30-36.
[16]CHEN Tingting,ZHENG Ping,SHEN Lidong,et al.Kinetic characteristics and microbial community of anammox-EGSB reactor[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2011,190:28-35.
[17]HUANG Xiaowu,WEI Qiaoyan,URATA K,et al.Kinetic study on nitrogen removal performance in marine anammox bacterial culture[J].Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering,2014,117(3):285-291.
[18]LOTTI T,KLEEREBEZEM R,ABBAS B,et al.Faster through training:The anammox case[J].Water Research,2015,81:261-268.
[19]王少坡,于静洁,吕建波,等.活性污泥法中污泥龄应用问题探讨[J].给水排水,2009,35:118-122.DOI:10.13789/j.cnki.wwe1964.2009.s2.024.
[20]姜瑞峰.污水的SBR处理工艺浅析[J].资源与环境,2017,43(2):151.JIANG Ruifeng.Analysis of SBR treatment process of wastewater[J].Resources and Environment,2017,43(2):151.
[21]张自杰,林荣忱,金儒霖.排水工程下册[M].4版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006:118.
[22]张景丽,曹占平,张宏伟.污泥龄对膜生物反应性能的影响[J].环境科学,2008,29(10):2788-2793.DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2008.10.015.ZHANG Jingli,CAO Zhanping,ZHANG Hongwei.Effects of sludge retention time(SRT)on the characteristics of membrane bioreactor(MBR)[J].Environmental Science,2008,29(10):2788-2793.DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2008.10.015
[23]TANG Chongjian,ZHENG Ping,CHAI Liyuan,et al.Thermodynamic and kinetic investigation of anaerobic bioprocesses on ANAMMOX under high organic conditions[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2013,230:149-157.
[2]张正哲,姬玉欣,陈辉,等.厌氧氨氧化工艺的应用现状和问题[J].生物工程学报,2014,30(12):1804-1816.DOI:10.13345/j.cjb.140241.ZHANG Zhengzhe,JI Yuxin,CHEN Hui,et al.Application and obstacles of ANAMMOX process[J].Chinese Journal of Biotechnology,2014,30(12):1804-1816.DOI:10.13345/j.cjb.140241.
[3]任玉辉,王科,李相昆,等.常温低基质下碱度和溶解氧对厌氧氨氧化的影响[J].环境科学,2014,35(11):4218-4223.DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2014.11.025.REN Yuhui,WANG Ke,LI Xiangkun,et al.Influence of alkalinity and DO on ANAMMOX bioreactor at normal temperature and low substrate concentration[J].Environmental Science,2014,35(11):4218-4223.DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2014.11.025.
[4]鲍林林,李刚强,李冬,等.常温低基质下磷酸盐对厌氧氨氧化反应的影响[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(11):4389-4392.BAO Linlin,LI Gangqiang,LI Dong,et al.Effect of phosphate on anammox at low substrate and normal temperature[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2013,7(11):4389-4392.
[5]曾涛涛,李冬,邱文新,等.低温厌氧氨氧化生物滤池群落结构分析[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2012,44(6):6-10.ZENG Taotao,LI Dong,QIU Wenxin,et al.Community structure analysis of anaerobic ammonium oxidation(ANAMMOX)biofilter at low temperature[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2012,44(6):6-10.
[6]鲍林林,赵建国,李晓凯,等.常温低基质下p H和有机物对厌氧氨氧化的影响[J].中国给水排水,2012,28(13):38-42.BAO Linlin,ZHAO Jianguo,LI Xiaokai,et al.Influence of p H value and organic substance on anammox reactor at normal temperature and low substrate concentration[J].China Water&Waste Water,2012,28(13):38-42.
[7]李冬,田海成,梁瑜海,等.水质条件对厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥EPS含量的影响[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2017,49(2):6-12.DOI:10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.2017.02.002.LI Dong,TIAN Haicheng,LIANG Yuhai,et al.Effect of water quality of influent on the content of extracellular polymeric substances in anammox granule sludge[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2017,49(2):6-12.DOI:10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.2017.02.002.
[8]FURUKAWA K,TOKITOH H,LIEU P K.Single-stage nitrogen removal using anammox and partial nitritation(SNAP)for treatment of synthetic landfill leachate[J].Japanese Journal of Water Treatment Biology,2005,41(2):103-112.
[9]FERNANDEZ I,DOSTA J,ALVAREZ J M.A critical review of future trends and perspectives for the implementation of partial nitritation/anammox in the main line of municipal WWTPs[J].Desalination and Water Treatment,2016,57:27890-27898.
[10]彭赵旭,彭澄瑶,何争光,等.污泥龄对低氧丝状菌活性污泥微膨胀系统的影响[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(1):245-251.PENG Zhaoxu,PENG Chengyao,HE Zhengguang,et al.Impacts of sludge retention time on low oxygen limited filamentous sludge bulking system[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2015,35(1):245-251.
[11]王啟舟,方振东,龙向宇,等.污泥龄和溶解氧对微生物代谢产物组成和分布的影响[J].城市环境与城市生态,2012,25(6):1-4.WANG Qizhou,FANG Zhendong,LONG Xiangyu,et al.Effects of SRT and DO on composition and distribution of microbial metabolites[J].Urban Environment&Urban Ecology,2012,25(6):1-4.
[12]魏琛,陆天友,盛贵尚,等.污泥龄对高质量浓度含氮废水亚硝化稳定性的影响研究[J].环境工程,2010,28(1):29-32.DOI:10.13205/j.hjgc.2010.01.011.WEI Chen,LU Tianyou,SHENG Guishang,et al.Influence of sludge retention time on nitrosation stability of high concentration nitric wastewater[J].Environmental Engineering,2010,28(1):29-32.DOI:10.13205/j.hjgc.2010.01.011.
[13]孙月鹏,王火青,孙广垠,等.不同污泥龄条件下多级AO工艺强化生物脱氮性能研究[J].水处理技术,2014,40(10):47-52.SUN Yuepeng,WANG Huoqing,SUN Guangyin,et al.Characteristics of enhanced biological nitrogen removal in multiple anoxic and aerobic processes under different sludge retention times[J].Technology of Water Treatment,2014,40(10):47-52.
[14]李凌云,彭永臻,杨庆,等.SBR工艺短程硝化快速启动条件的优化[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(3):312-317.LI Linyun,PENG Yongzhen,YANG Qing,et al.Factors optimization of rapid start-up for nitrification in SBR process[J].China Environmental Science,2009,29(3):312-317.
[15]NI Shouqing,YUE Qinyan,GAO Baoyu,et al.Substrate removal evaluation of granular anammox process in a pilot-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor[J].Ecological Engineering,2012,38:30-36.
[16]CHEN Tingting,ZHENG Ping,SHEN Lidong,et al.Kinetic characteristics and microbial community of anammox-EGSB reactor[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2011,190:28-35.
[17]HUANG Xiaowu,WEI Qiaoyan,URATA K,et al.Kinetic study on nitrogen removal performance in marine anammox bacterial culture[J].Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering,2014,117(3):285-291.
[18]LOTTI T,KLEEREBEZEM R,ABBAS B,et al.Faster through training:The anammox case[J].Water Research,2015,81:261-268.
[19]王少坡,于静洁,吕建波,等.活性污泥法中污泥龄应用问题探讨[J].给水排水,2009,35:118-122.DOI:10.13789/j.cnki.wwe1964.2009.s2.024.
[20]姜瑞峰.污水的SBR处理工艺浅析[J].资源与环境,2017,43(2):151.JIANG Ruifeng.Analysis of SBR treatment process of wastewater[J].Resources and Environment,2017,43(2):151.
[21]张自杰,林荣忱,金儒霖.排水工程下册[M].4版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006:118.
[22]张景丽,曹占平,张宏伟.污泥龄对膜生物反应性能的影响[J].环境科学,2008,29(10):2788-2793.DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2008.10.015.ZHANG Jingli,CAO Zhanping,ZHANG Hongwei.Effects of sludge retention time(SRT)on the characteristics of membrane bioreactor(MBR)[J].Environmental Science,2008,29(10):2788-2793.DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2008.10.015
[23]TANG Chongjian,ZHENG Ping,CHAI Liyuan,et al.Thermodynamic and kinetic investigation of anaerobic bioprocesses on ANAMMOX under high organic conditions[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2013,230:149-157.