陕西勉略宁地区旧房梁金矿床元素地球化学特征及成矿意义
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摘要
选取一个含金采样剖面,对旧房梁金矿床的成矿流体性质和成矿物质来源进行了探讨。研究结果表明,旧房梁金矿床产于陕西勉略宁三角地区中新元古界碧口群,矿体的分布和产状受地层岩性和韧性剪切带的强烈控制,矿床成因类型为绿岩型金矿床。对矿石及其顶底板围岩的主微量元素和稀土元素地球化学特征及其成矿作用的研究表明:与Au含量正相关性较好的元素有Ag、Hg、Bi、Mo;在成矿过程中,矿石和围岩的Al_2O_3、TFe_2O_3及高场强元素含量较稳定;大离子亲石元素含量在矿石及矿体底板围岩中相对亏损,在矿体顶板围岩中富集;亲硫元素含量表现较为复杂,Pb含量在矿体顶板围岩及氧化矿石中富集,Mo、Hg含量在矿石中普遍升高;同时伴随岩石质量的亏损;稀土元素配分模式显示矿石及近矿围岩相对于远矿围岩具有正Ce异常和负Eu异常的特征。上述特征均表明成矿流体具有高温还原性的特点。结合矿床流体包裹体和硫同位素等特征,认为该矿床的成矿物质来源可能与碧口群地层有关,其成矿过程可能与澄江期在区内广泛形成的NNE向韧性剪切变形有关,构造矿化蚀变对围岩物质组分具一定继承性和差异性。
The metallogenic fluid and ore-forming material sources have been discussed by selecting agold sampling profile of Jiufangliang gold deposit.Jiufangliang gold deposit is located in Bikou Group of Upper Proterozoic in Mianluening delta region,Shaanxi Province.The distribution and occurrence of ore bodies are strongly controlled by strata lithology and trending ductile shear zones.The genetic type of this deposit is greenstone gold deposit type.The research on the main,trace and REE geochemical characteristics and mineralization of its ore,roof and floor rock samples yields the following results.The trace elements better positively correlated with Au are Ag,Hg,Bi and Mo.In the mineralization process,Al_2O_3,TFe_2O_3 and high field strength elements of ore and wall rocks are relatively stable.Large ion lithophile elements are lost in the ore and wall rocks but enriched in bottom and roof rock.The performance of sulphophile elements is complex.Pb is enriched in roof rock and oxidized ore and Mo,Hg generally increase in the ore rocks.The whole mineralization process is accompanied by a loss of the rock mass.The REE distribution model shows the positive Ce anomaly and the negative Eu anomaly of the surrounding rock near ore according to surrounding rock far from the ore.All of the above characteristics indicate that the ore-forming fluid has the characteristics of high temperature and reducibility.Combined with the characteristics of fluid inclusion and sulfur isotopic of this deposit,we assume the ore-forming material sources may have a relationship with Bikou Group.The metallogenic process of this deposit may be widespreadly relevant to NNE ductile shear deformation in the area in Chengjiang period.Structural mineralized alteration relates to material components of wall rocks with certain inheritance and differences.
The metallogenic fluid and ore-forming material sources have been discussed by selecting agold sampling profile of Jiufangliang gold deposit.Jiufangliang gold deposit is located in Bikou Group of Upper Proterozoic in Mianluening delta region,Shaanxi Province.The distribution and occurrence of ore bodies are strongly controlled by strata lithology and trending ductile shear zones.The genetic type of this deposit is greenstone gold deposit type.The research on the main,trace and REE geochemical characteristics and mineralization of its ore,roof and floor rock samples yields the following results.The trace elements better positively correlated with Au are Ag,Hg,Bi and Mo.In the mineralization process,Al_2O_3,TFe_2O_3 and high field strength elements of ore and wall rocks are relatively stable.Large ion lithophile elements are lost in the ore and wall rocks but enriched in bottom and roof rock.The performance of sulphophile elements is complex.Pb is enriched in roof rock and oxidized ore and Mo,Hg generally increase in the ore rocks.The whole mineralization process is accompanied by a loss of the rock mass.The REE distribution model shows the positive Ce anomaly and the negative Eu anomaly of the surrounding rock near ore according to surrounding rock far from the ore.All of the above characteristics indicate that the ore-forming fluid has the characteristics of high temperature and reducibility.Combined with the characteristics of fluid inclusion and sulfur isotopic of this deposit,we assume the ore-forming material sources may have a relationship with Bikou Group.The metallogenic process of this deposit may be widespreadly relevant to NNE ductile shear deformation in the area in Chengjiang period.Structural mineralized alteration relates to material components of wall rocks with certain inheritance and differences.
引文
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[5]林振文,秦艳,周振菊,等.南秦岭勉略带铧厂沟火山岩锆石UPb年代学及地球化学研究[J].岩石学报,2013,29(1):83-94.
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[9]邹公明,李良,李世金,等.陕西小燕子沟金矿床流体包裹体特征及成矿物理化学条件研究[J].黄金,2013,34(3):22-26.
[10]刘哲东.陕西宁强鸡头山-小燕子沟金矿床地质特征及矿化富集规律研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2013.
[11]秦克令,宋述光,何世平.陕西勉略宁区鱼洞子花岗岩-绿岩地体地质特征及其含金性[J].西北地质科学,1992,13(1):65-74.
[12]陈剑祥,高福平,卫中弟,等.陕西宁强县青木川-旧房梁一带典型金矿床特征、控矿因素及找矿标志[J].新疆有色金属,2013,36(2):15-18.
[13]Grant J A.The isocon diagram:A simple solution to Gresens′equation for metasomatic alteration[J].Economic Geology,1986,81(8):1976-1982.
[14]Grant J A.Isocon analysis:A brief review of the method and applications[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,2005,30(17/18):997-1004.
[15]刘英俊,马东升.金的地球化学[M].北京:科学出版社,1991.
[16]Siddaiah N S,Hanson G N,Rajamani V.Rare-earth element evidence for syngenetic origin of an archean stratiform gold sulfide deposit,Kolar schist belt,south-India[J].Economic Geology and the Bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists,1994,89(7):1552-1566.
[17]Taylor S R,Mclennan S M.The geochemical evolution of the continental-crust[J].Reviews of Geophysics,1995,33(2):241-265.
[18]Rolland Y,Cox S,Boullier A M,et al.Rare earth and trace element mobility in mid-crustal shear zones:Insights from the Mont Blanc Massif(Western Alps)[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2003,214(1/2):203-219.
[19]Yang F G,Wang H N,Hua R M.Transportation of REE in the ductile shear zone in Hetai gold deposit,Guangdong Province[J].Journal of Rare Earths,2003,21(6):680-685.
[20]骆文娟,张德会.韧性剪切带中稀土元素变异原因新探:对体积亏损公式解释剪切体系中稀土变异的讨论及稀土变异的若干原因[J].地质与资源,2009,18(3):8.
[21]周建波,胡克,洪景鹏.稀土元素在韧性剪切带体积亏损研究中的应用:以胶南造山带构造岩为例[J].地质论评,1999,45(3):241-246.
[22]欧阳永棚,夏庆霖,桑浩,等.云南文山官房钨矿床地质特征及其稀土-微量元素地球化学[J].地质科技情报,2013,32(3):152-158.
[23]Bau M.Rare-earth element mobility during hydrothermal and metamorphic fluid rock interaction and the significance of the oxidation-state of Europium[J].Chemical Geology,1991,93(3/4):219-230.
[24]Sverjensky D A.Europium redox equilibria in aqueous-solition[J].Earth And Planetary Science Letters,1984,67(1):70-78.
[25]Ehya F.Variation of mineralizing fluids and fractionation of REE during the emplacement of the vein-type fluorite deposit at Bozijan,Markazi Province,Iran[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2012,112(1):93-106.
[26]Graf J L J.Rare earth elements as hydrothermal tracers during the formation of massive sulfide deposits in volcanic rocks[J].Economic Geology,1977,72(4):527-548.
[27]Klinkhammer G P,Elderfield H,Edmond J M,et al.Geochemical implications of rare-earth element patterns in hydrothermal fluids from midocean ridges[J].Geochemica et Cosmochimica Acta,1994,58(23):5105-5113.
[28]翟裕生,吕古贤.构造动力体制转换与成矿作用[J].地球学报,2002,23(2):97-102.
[29]於崇文.成矿作用动力学:理论体系和方法论[J].地学前缘,1994,1(3):54-82.
[30]於崇文.揭示地质现象的本质与核心:地质作用与时-空结构[J].地学前缘,2000,7(1):2-12.
[31]沈保丰,骆辉,胡小蝶,等.中国绿岩带金矿资源的现状、特色和展望[J].中国地质,1991,22(8):14-17.
[32]沈保丰,毛德宝,李俊建.中国绿岩带金矿床的时空分布[J].华北地质矿产杂志,1996,11(3):53-60.
[33]赵维宽,徐九华,席忠,等.内蒙古中部大青山新地沟-卯独庆金矿床的构造-蚀变-成矿作用[J].地质通报,2008,27(4):575-583.
[34]Deronde C,Spooner E,Dewit M J,et al.Shear zone-related,Au quartz vein deposits in the Barberton greenstone-belt,South Africa:Field and petrographic characteristics,fluid properties,and light stable isotope geochemistry[J].Economic Geology,1992,87(2):366-402.
[35]Gupta S,Jayananda M,Fareeduddin R.Tourmaline from the Archean G R Halli gold deposit,Chitradurgagreenstone belt,Dharwar craton(India):Implications for the gold metallogeny[J].Geoscience Frontiers,2014,5(6):877-892.
[36]Khalil A E S,Obeid M A,Azer M K.Serpentinized peridotites at the north part of the Wadi allaqi district(Egypt):Implications for the tectono-magmatic evolution of fore-arc crust[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2014,88(5):1421-1436.
[37]廖时理,陈守余,张利亚,等.陕西青木川-苍社地区韧性剪切带型金矿床地球化学特征及地质意义[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2015,46(3):1082-1093.
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