硫酸钡阻垢剂的制备及性能评价
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摘要
以丙烯酸(AA)、衣康酸(IA)、丙烯酸甲酯(MAC)及2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为单体,过硫酸铵为引发剂,采用水溶液自由基聚合法制备了IA/AA/MAC/AMPS新型四元聚合物阻垢剂。在单因素实验条件下分析单体配比、引发剂用量、聚合温度及反应时间对阻垢性能的影响,并运用正交实验研究合成新型阻垢剂的最佳反应条件组合。确定最佳合成条件为:IA/AA/MAC/AMPS 4种单体质量配比为2∶1∶1∶0. 75,引发剂质量为4种单体总质量的8%,聚合温度为80℃,反应时间为3. 5 h。利用静态阻垢法对所研制的阻垢剂进行阻垢效果评价,研究了阻垢剂质量浓度、温度、pH值对阻垢效果的影响。实验结果表明,阻垢剂质量浓度为80 mg/L时,阻垢率为80. 46%,对硫酸钡的阻垢效果最好;在温度为85℃时,阻垢率可达82. 87%;随着pH值的增加,阻垢率变化趋势较明显,在pH值呈中性的溶液中阻垢效果最好。利用红外光谱对共聚物的结构进行了表征,并确定该共聚物分子链中含有所引入的官能团。
A new kind of quaternary polymer scale inhibitor IA/AA/MAC/AMPS was prepared by free radical polymerization in aqueous solution with itaconic acid( IA),acrylic acid( AA),methyl acrylate( MAC),2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid( AMPS)as monomers,ammonium persulfate as initiator. The effects of monomer ratio,initiator dosage,polymerization temperature and reaction time on the scale inhibition performance of the scale inhibitor were analyzed under single factor experimental conditions. The optimum combination of reaction conditions was studied by orthogonal experiments. The best synthesis conditions were determined as follows: the mass ratio of IA,AA,MAC and AMPS is 2∶ 1∶ 1∶ 0. 75,the mass of initiator is 8% of the total mass of monomers,the polymerization temperature is 80 ℃,the reaction time is 3. 5 h. The scale inhibition effect of the polymer scale inhibitor was evaluated by static scale inhibition method,and the influences of scale inhibitor concentration,temperature and p H value on the scale inhibition effect were studied. The results show that when the mass concentration of the scale inhibitor is 80 mg/L,the scale inhibitor has the best inhibition effect on barium sulfate scale,whose scale inhibition rate can reach 82. 87%. When the temperature is 85 ℃,the scale inhibition rate is82. 87%. With the increase of p H value,the change trend of the scale inhibition rate is obvious,and the scale inhibition effect is the best in a neutral solution. The structure of the copolymer was characterized by infrared spectroscopy,and the functional groups introduced in the copolymer chain were confirmed.
A new kind of quaternary polymer scale inhibitor IA/AA/MAC/AMPS was prepared by free radical polymerization in aqueous solution with itaconic acid( IA),acrylic acid( AA),methyl acrylate( MAC),2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid( AMPS)as monomers,ammonium persulfate as initiator. The effects of monomer ratio,initiator dosage,polymerization temperature and reaction time on the scale inhibition performance of the scale inhibitor were analyzed under single factor experimental conditions. The optimum combination of reaction conditions was studied by orthogonal experiments. The best synthesis conditions were determined as follows: the mass ratio of IA,AA,MAC and AMPS is 2∶ 1∶ 1∶ 0. 75,the mass of initiator is 8% of the total mass of monomers,the polymerization temperature is 80 ℃,the reaction time is 3. 5 h. The scale inhibition effect of the polymer scale inhibitor was evaluated by static scale inhibition method,and the influences of scale inhibitor concentration,temperature and p H value on the scale inhibition effect were studied. The results show that when the mass concentration of the scale inhibitor is 80 mg/L,the scale inhibitor has the best inhibition effect on barium sulfate scale,whose scale inhibition rate can reach 82. 87%. When the temperature is 85 ℃,the scale inhibition rate is82. 87%. With the increase of p H value,the change trend of the scale inhibition rate is obvious,and the scale inhibition effect is the best in a neutral solution. The structure of the copolymer was characterized by infrared spectroscopy,and the functional groups introduced in the copolymer chain were confirmed.
引文
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[11]田宇,谢进宜,王吉.新型硫酸钡锶垢阻垢剂的制备与应用[J].化工管理,2015,7(28):192-193.
[12]中国石油天然气总公司油田化学专业标准化技术委员会.油田用防垢剂性能评价方法:SY/T 5673—1993[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1993.
[13]冯改宁,陈玉娥,朱丽华,等.阻垢剂性能评定中络合滴定方法的改进[J].油田化学,2004,21(3):284-286.FENG Gaining,CHEN Yu'e,ZHU Lihua,et al. An improvement in complexometric titration for evaluating the efficiency of scale inhibitors[J]. Oilfiled Chemistry,2004,21(3):284-286.
[14]TOMSON M B,KAN A T. Inhibition of barite scale in the presence of hydrate inhibitors[C]. SPE 87437-PA,2005.
[15] SORBIE K S. How scale inhibitors work:mechanisms of selected barium sulphate scale inhibitors across a wide temperature range[C]. SPE 87470-MS,2004.
[16]张安琪,张光华,魏辉,等.新型磺酸基聚合物阻垢剂的合成及性能[J].化工进展,2011,30(8):1858-1861.ZHANG Anqi,ZHANG Guanghua,WEI Hui,et al. Preparation and performance of a newsulfonate copolymer scale inhibitor[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2011,30(8):1858-1861.
[17]邓振伟,于萍,陈玲. SPSS软件在正交试验设计、结果分析中的应用[J].电脑学习,2009,5(5):15-17.DENG Zhenwei,YU Ping,CHEN Ling. Application of SPSS software in orthogonal design and result analysis[J]. Computer Study,2009,5(5):15-17.
[2]马超,赵林,林晓红,等.油田Ba SO4垢除垢技术研究进展[J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),2005,27(S4):695-697.
[3] AMER B M. Inhibition of barium sulfate scale at high-barium formation water[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2012,4:124-170.
[4]李洪建,陈一健,钟双飞,等. SZ36-1油田水源水混注对储层损害的实验研究[J].西南石油学院学报,2002,24(6):22-24.LI Hongjian,CHEN Yijian,ZHONG Shuangfei,et al. Experimental study of formation damage caused by three kinds of source water mixed injection in SZ36-1[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute,2002,24(6):22-24.
[5]邱正阳.蜀南气矿采气井筒结垢机理与防垢措施研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2012.
[6] ODDO J E,Smith J P,TOMSON M B. Analysis of and solutions to the Ca CO3and Ca SO4scaling problems encountered in wells offshore Indonesia[C]. SPE-22782-MS,1991.
[7]生许磊.油田阻垢剂的阻垢性能研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2013.
[8] SHAW S S,SORBIE K S. Synergistic properties of phosphonate and polymeric scale inhibitor blends for barium sulphate scale inhibition[C]. SPE-169752-MS,2014:14-15.
[9]梁海燕,路嫔,蔡清海.聚合物阻垢分散剂研究进展[J].化学工程师,2002,88(1):40-41.LIANG Haiyan,LU Pin,CAI Qinghai. Progress in studying the polymeric scale inhibitor dispersing agent[J]. Chemical Engineer,2002,88(1):40-41.
[10]SWEENEY F M,COOPER S D. The development of a novel scale inhibitor for severe water chemistries[C]. SPE-25159-MS,1993:77-89.
[11]田宇,谢进宜,王吉.新型硫酸钡锶垢阻垢剂的制备与应用[J].化工管理,2015,7(28):192-193.
[12]中国石油天然气总公司油田化学专业标准化技术委员会.油田用防垢剂性能评价方法:SY/T 5673—1993[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1993.
[13]冯改宁,陈玉娥,朱丽华,等.阻垢剂性能评定中络合滴定方法的改进[J].油田化学,2004,21(3):284-286.FENG Gaining,CHEN Yu'e,ZHU Lihua,et al. An improvement in complexometric titration for evaluating the efficiency of scale inhibitors[J]. Oilfiled Chemistry,2004,21(3):284-286.
[14]TOMSON M B,KAN A T. Inhibition of barite scale in the presence of hydrate inhibitors[C]. SPE 87437-PA,2005.
[15] SORBIE K S. How scale inhibitors work:mechanisms of selected barium sulphate scale inhibitors across a wide temperature range[C]. SPE 87470-MS,2004.
[16]张安琪,张光华,魏辉,等.新型磺酸基聚合物阻垢剂的合成及性能[J].化工进展,2011,30(8):1858-1861.ZHANG Anqi,ZHANG Guanghua,WEI Hui,et al. Preparation and performance of a newsulfonate copolymer scale inhibitor[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2011,30(8):1858-1861.
[17]邓振伟,于萍,陈玲. SPSS软件在正交试验设计、结果分析中的应用[J].电脑学习,2009,5(5):15-17.DENG Zhenwei,YU Ping,CHEN Ling. Application of SPSS software in orthogonal design and result analysis[J]. Computer Study,2009,5(5):15-17.