基于复合储能系统的矿区电网频率弹性提升方法
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摘要
为构建高比例可再生能源供电的弹性矿区电网,提出了一种由废弃矿井抽水蓄能与超级电容构成的复合储能提升矿区电网频率弹性的方法。基于弹性电网框架,考虑弹性力与调频特性的重合与区别,进而针对性地提出5种弹性指标。在计及超级电容荷电状态的基础上,充分发挥抽蓄机组与超级电容各自的技术优势,使储能系统兼具能量密度高和功率密度高的特点,从系统适应能力、恢复能力及惯性能力角度提高系统频率弹性。通过此种方法,构建了能够适应负荷阶跃变化以及连续调节任务的频率闭环控制结构,在大功率设备集中启动或井下小功率设备频繁启停时有效稳定频率水平,提升矿区电网供电可靠性。最后,在MATLAB/Simulink仿真环境中搭建系统模型,通过仿真验证了文中方法的有效性。
In order to construct an elastic mine power grid supplying high proportion renewable energy, a method of hybrid energy storage system consisting of abandoned mine pumped storage and supercapacitor to improve the frequency elasticity of the mine grid is proposed. Based on the elastic grid framework, considering the coincidence and difference between elastic force and frequency modulation characteristics, five elastic indicators are proposed in a targeted manner. Taking the state of charge of the supercapacitor into account, the technical advantages of the pumping unit and the supercapacitor are fully utilized, so that the energy storage system has the characteristics of high energy density and power density. The frequency flexibility of the system is increased from the aspects of adaptability, resilience and inertia. With this method, a closed-loop frequency control structure capable of adapting to load step change and continuous adjustment task is constructed. The effective frequency level is effectively stabilized when the high-power equipment is started intensively or underground small-power equipment frequently starts and stops, and the power supply reliability of the mine area is improved. Finally, a system model is built in MATLAB/Simulink, and effectiveness of the proposed method is verified with simulation.
In order to construct an elastic mine power grid supplying high proportion renewable energy, a method of hybrid energy storage system consisting of abandoned mine pumped storage and supercapacitor to improve the frequency elasticity of the mine grid is proposed. Based on the elastic grid framework, considering the coincidence and difference between elastic force and frequency modulation characteristics, five elastic indicators are proposed in a targeted manner. Taking the state of charge of the supercapacitor into account, the technical advantages of the pumping unit and the supercapacitor are fully utilized, so that the energy storage system has the characteristics of high energy density and power density. The frequency flexibility of the system is increased from the aspects of adaptability, resilience and inertia. With this method, a closed-loop frequency control structure capable of adapting to load step change and continuous adjustment task is constructed. The effective frequency level is effectively stabilized when the high-power equipment is started intensively or underground small-power equipment frequently starts and stops, and the power supply reliability of the mine area is improved. Finally, a system model is built in MATLAB/Simulink, and effectiveness of the proposed method is verified with simulation.
引文
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[15]巩宇.抽水蓄能机组原动机及调节系统参数实测与建模研究[J].水电站机电技术,2011,34(4):9-14.Gong Yu.Research on modeling and parameter measurement of pumped storage unit prime motor and regulating system[J].Mechanical&Technique of Hydropower Station,2011,34(4):9-14(in Chinese).
[16]谢辉平,张江斌,李华.水电机组一次调频试验探讨[J].水电自动化与大坝监测,2008,32(4):18-21.Xie Huiping,Zhang Jiangbin,Li Hua.Discussion on primary frequency regulation test of hydroelectric generating sets[J].Hydropower Automation and Dam Monitoring,2008,32(4):18-21(in Chinese).
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[2]别朝红,林雁翎,邱爱慈.弹性电网及其恢复力的基本概念与研究展望[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(22):1-9.Bie Zhaohong,Lin Yanling,Qiu Aici.Concept and research prospects of power system resilience[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(22):1-9(in Chinese).
[3]Visscher K,De Haan S W H.Virtual synchronous machines(VSG’s)for frequency stabilization in future grids with a significant share of decentralized generation[C]//Proceedings of CIRED Seminar:Smart Grids for Distribution,Frankfurt,Germany,2008:1-4.
[4]卢其威,高彦,刘静,等.构建煤矿直流配电网的关键技术及可行性分析[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(10):2496-2502.Lu Qiwei,Gao Yan,Liu Jing,et al.Key technologies and feasibility analysis of coal mine DC power distribution network[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(10):2496-2502(in Chinese).
[5]孙冰.煤矿电网安全稳定运行分析研究[J].煤矿机电,2011,32(6):9-16.Sun Bing.Study and analysis on safety and stability of coal mine power grid[J].Colliery Mechanical&Electrical Technology,2011,32(6):9-16(in Chinese).
[6]U.S.Department of Homeland Security.Energy sector-specific plan an annex to the national infrastructure protection plan[R].Washington,D.C.U.S.Department of Homeland Security,2010.
[7]梁亮,李普明,刘嘉宁,等.抽水蓄能电站自主控制调频控制策略研究[J].高电压技术,2015,41(10):3288-3295.Liang Liang,Li Puming,Liu Jianing,et al.Study on the control strategy of pumped storage power station for the frequency regulation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(10):3288-3295(in Chinese).
[8]李欣然,邓涛,黄际元,等.储能电池参与电网快速调频的自适应控制策略[J].高电压技术,2017,43(7):2362-2369.Li Xinran,Deng Tao,Huang Jiyuan,et al.Battery energy storage systems self-adaptation control strategy in fast frequency regulation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(7):2362-2369(in Chinese).
[9]苗福丰,唐西胜,齐智平.风储联合调频下的电力系统频率特性分析[J].高电压技术,2015,41(7):2209-2216.Miao Fufeng,Tang Xisheng,Qi Zhiping.Analysis of frequency characteristics of power system based on wind farm-energy storage combined frequency regulation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(7):2209-2216(in Chinese).
[10]Delille G,Francois B,Malarange G.Dynamic frequency control support by energy storage to reduce the impact of wind and solar generation on isolated power system’s inertia[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2012,3(4):931-939.
[11]杜威,姜齐荣,陈蛟瑞.微电网电源的虚拟惯性频率控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(23):26-36.Du Wei,Jiang Qirong,Chen Jiaorui.Frequency control strategy of distributed generations based on virtual inertia in a microgrid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(23):26-36(in Chinese).
[12]邓霞,孙威,肖海伟.储能电池参与一次调频的综合控制方法[J].高电压技术,2018,44(4):1157-1165.Deng Xia,Sun Wei,Xiao Haiwei.Integrated control strategy of battery energy storage system in primary frequency regulation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(4):1157-1165(in Chinese).
[13]Kunder P.Power system stability and control[M].New York,USA:McGraw-Hill,1994:389-415.
[14]单金生,吴立峰,关永,等.超级电容建模现状及展望[J].电子元件与材料,2013,32(8):5-10.Shan Jinsheng,Wu Lifeng,Guan Yong,et al.Review and expectation of modeling research on supercapacitor[J].Electronic Components and Materials,2013,32(8):5-10(in Chinese).
[15]巩宇.抽水蓄能机组原动机及调节系统参数实测与建模研究[J].水电站机电技术,2011,34(4):9-14.Gong Yu.Research on modeling and parameter measurement of pumped storage unit prime motor and regulating system[J].Mechanical&Technique of Hydropower Station,2011,34(4):9-14(in Chinese).
[16]谢辉平,张江斌,李华.水电机组一次调频试验探讨[J].水电自动化与大坝监测,2008,32(4):18-21.Xie Huiping,Zhang Jiangbin,Li Hua.Discussion on primary frequency regulation test of hydroelectric generating sets[J].Hydropower Automation and Dam Monitoring,2008,32(4):18-21(in Chinese).
[17]赵丽敬.电网的弹性建模与评估[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2015:4-10.
[18]Ouyang M,Du?as-Osorio L.A three-stage framework resilience analysis framework for urban infrastructure systems[J].Structural Safety,2012(36-37):23-31.
[19]Bruneau M,Eeri A M,Chang S E,et al.A framework to quantitatively assess and enhance the seismic resilience of communities[J].Earthquake Spectra,2003,19(4):733-752.
[20]Bruneau M,Reinhorn A.Exploring the concept of seismic resilience for the acute care facilities[J].Earthquake Spectra,2007,23(1):41-62.