基于蚁群算法的双锅曲毫机的优化设计
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摘要
文中设计了一种基于蚁群算法的双锅曲毫机,为了提高机器的运动平顺性及降低噪音,对双锅曲毫机的曲柄摇杆机构的关键参数进行了优化设计,以其最小传动角最大化为目标函数,建立了双锅曲毫机的优化设计数学模型,运用Matlab编制了基于蚁群算法的双锅曲毫机优化设计程序,并运用此程序进行了优化计算及验证试验。优化结果表明,曲柄长度200 mm,连杆长度333 mm,摇杆长度310 mm,机架杆长度为320 mm,最小传动角由14.6o增加到21.1o,噪音由75 dB减小到70 dB,珠茶成型率由84%增加到92%,碎茶率由8.6%下降到7.2%。该研究为提高双锅曲毫机的工作性能提供了理论依据。
In order to improve the smoothness of double-pan roasting machine and reduce the noise, the key parameters of the crank rocker mechanism of the double-pan roasting machine were optimized. The mathematical model designed for the double-pan roasting machine was set up and optimized. The objective function was to maximize the minimum transmission angle. The optimized design program of double-pan roasting machine based on ant colony algorithm was compiled with Matlab, and the optimization calculation and verification experiment were carried out with this program. The optimization results show that the lengths of crank, connecting rod, rocker and rack rod were 200 mm, 333 mm, 310 mm and 320 mm, respectively. The minimum transmission angle was increased from 14.6 to 21.1, and the noise was reduced from 75 dB to 70 dB, the forming rate of gunpowder tea increased from 84% to 92%. The rate of broken tea decreased from 8.6% to 7.2%. This research provided a theoretical basis for improving the performance of double-pan roasting machine.
In order to improve the smoothness of double-pan roasting machine and reduce the noise, the key parameters of the crank rocker mechanism of the double-pan roasting machine were optimized. The mathematical model designed for the double-pan roasting machine was set up and optimized. The objective function was to maximize the minimum transmission angle. The optimized design program of double-pan roasting machine based on ant colony algorithm was compiled with Matlab, and the optimization calculation and verification experiment were carried out with this program. The optimization results show that the lengths of crank, connecting rod, rocker and rack rod were 200 mm, 333 mm, 310 mm and 320 mm, respectively. The minimum transmission angle was increased from 14.6 to 21.1, and the noise was reduced from 75 dB to 70 dB, the forming rate of gunpowder tea increased from 84% to 92%. The rate of broken tea decreased from 8.6% to 7.2%. This research provided a theoretical basis for improving the performance of double-pan roasting machine.
引文
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[2]王润龙.双锅曲毫炒干机加工绿茶技术[J].茶叶通讯,2005,32(4):50-51.
[3]Colorni A,Dorigo M,Maniezzo V.Distributed optimization by ant colonies[C]//Proceedings of ECAL91 European Conference of Artificial Life.Paris:Elsevier Publishing,1991:134-144.
[4]Dorigo M,Bocabeau E,Theraola G.Ant Algorithms and Stigmergy[J].Future Generation Computer System,2000,16:851-871.
[5]刘建华,杨建国,刘华平,等.基于势场蚁群算法的移动机器人全局路径规划方法[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(9):18-26.
[6]史恩秀,陈敏敏,李俊,等.基于蚁群算法的移动机器人全局路径规划方法研究[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(6):53-57.
[7]赵娟平,高宪文,符秀辉.改进蚁群优化算法求解移动机器人路径规划问题[J].南京理工大学学报,2011,35(5):637-641.
[8]张银玲,牛小梅.蚁群算法在移动机器人路径规划中的仿真研究[J].计算机仿真,2011,28(6):231-234.
[9]崔雪丽,朱道立,马良.模糊约定时间车辆路径问题及其蚂蚁算法求解[J].系统工程学报,2009,24(4):489-493.
[10]张洁,张朋,刘国宝.基于两阶段蚁群算法的带非等效并行机的作业车间调度[J].机械工程学报,2009,24(4):89-93.
[11]杜鹏桢,唐振民,孙研.一种面向对象的多角色蚁群算法及其TSP问题求解[J].控制与决策,2014,29(10):1730-1736.
[12]金雁,赵耀.基于改进蚁群算法的船舶主尺度优化[J].华中科技大学学报,2008,36(11):104-107.
[13]吴小勇,谢志江,宋代平,等.基于改进蚁群算法的3-PPR并联机构位置正解研究[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(7):340-344.
[14]李兵,夏涛,宛晓春,等.基于蚁群算法的茶叶抖筛机参数优化[J].农业工程学报,2009,5(3):84-87.
[15]李兵,夏涛,李尚庆.基于蚁群算法的茶叶理条机参数优化设计[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(10):79-82.
[16]楼云江,邓雷.基于平均传动角的曲柄摇杆机构设计[J].机械设计,2011,28(8):34-37.
[17]程友联,吴晓红.曲柄摇杆机构的参数设计法[J].机械设计,2010,27(9):60-64.