一种基于碰撞重现技术的新型头部碰撞损伤试验系统
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摘要
针对人车碰撞损伤研究中高可靠性实验验证方法不易实现的问题,提出一种基于碰撞重现技术的头部碰撞损伤试验系统。该技术利用链传动与导轨滑块机构相连接的传动方式,配合多功能砧板,构建碰撞模拟装置;人体碰撞测试模型与滑动模块配合,形成一种配重可调整的人体模型构建方法;数据采集与分析模块以集成于撞击测试模型内部的力传感模块为基础,可实现碰撞损伤实时分析。基于有限元方法对系统进行结构优化,保证了碰撞试验的可靠性。该系统能够解决高可靠性、低成本实验验证方法问题,可应用于人车碰撞损伤实验研究。
In allusion to the difficulties of carrying out highly reliable injury testing studies for pedestrian-vehicle collisions,this paper proposes an experimental system for measurements of head injuries based on reconstruction technology of collisions.Together with a multi-functional collision board,a chain-drive mechanism and a slide lump mechanism are jointed to construct a device for collision simulation.A crash-test dummy is embedded into the slide lump mechanism,and therefore creates a testing model with adjustable weights.Based on a force-sensing module integrated in the testing model,a data acquisition and analysis module is designed to realize real-time analyses of head injuries.In order to guarantee the precision of the collision experiment,finite element analyses are used to optimize structure of this experimental system.This paper has provided a testing method for head injury studies during pedestrian-vehicle collisions with high-reliability and low-cost.
In allusion to the difficulties of carrying out highly reliable injury testing studies for pedestrian-vehicle collisions,this paper proposes an experimental system for measurements of head injuries based on reconstruction technology of collisions.Together with a multi-functional collision board,a chain-drive mechanism and a slide lump mechanism are jointed to construct a device for collision simulation.A crash-test dummy is embedded into the slide lump mechanism,and therefore creates a testing model with adjustable weights.Based on a force-sensing module integrated in the testing model,a data acquisition and analysis module is designed to realize real-time analyses of head injuries.In order to guarantee the precision of the collision experiment,finite element analyses are used to optimize structure of this experimental system.This paper has provided a testing method for head injury studies during pedestrian-vehicle collisions with high-reliability and low-cost.
引文
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[3] 严新平,黄合来,马明.美国道路交通安全现状及研究热点[J].交通信息与安全,2009,27(5):1-9.YAN Xinping,HUANG Helai,MA Ming.Road safety in the United States:State of the art and the practice[J].Journal of Transport Information and Safety,2009,27(5):1-9.(in Chinese)
[4] 杨济匡.汽车与行人碰撞中的损伤生物力学研究概览[J].汽车工程学报,2011,1(2):81-93.YANG Jikuang.Overview of research on injury biomechanics in car-pedestrian collisions[J].Chinese Journal of Automotive Engineering,2011,1(2):81-93.(in Chinese)
[5] 高岩,董宪元,田飞.高速公路交通安全现状分析及管理对策[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2015,11(10):110-115.GAO Yan,DONGXianyuan,TIAN Fei.Present situation analysis on highway traffic and management countermeasures[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2015,11(10):110-115.(in Chinese)
[6] 袁泉,李一兵,梅冰松.汽车撞行人和骑自行车人事故特征参数对比研究[J].交通运输工程与信息学报,2005(3):92-99.YUAN Quan,LI Yibing,MEI Bingsong.Comparative study of characteristic parameters between vehicle-pedestrian accidents and vehicle-bicyclist accidents[J].Journal of Transportation Engineering and Information,2005(3):92-99.(in Chinese)
[7] VAN S M,DE HAIR S,RODARIUS C,et al.Cyclist kinematics in car impacts reconstructed in simulations and full scale testing with polar dummy[C].Proceedings of the International Research Council on the Biomechanics of Injury Conference,Dublin,Ireland:SFI,2012.
[8] BOURDET N,DECK C,SERRE T,et al.In-depth real-world bicycle accident reconstructions[J].International Journal of Crashworthiness,2014,19(3):222-232.
[9] Euro NCAP.Pedestrian testing protocol[R].Brussels:Euro NCAP,2014.
[10] 李向荣,吕恒绪,张向磊,等.立姿假人实车碰撞试验研究[J].汽车工程,2011,33(1):11-14.LI Xiangrong,LYU Hengxu,ZHANG Xianglei,et al.A Study on real vehicle-standing pedestrian dummy impact test[J].Automotive Engineering,2011,33(1):11-14.(in Chinese)
[11] 李真.人车碰撞中的头部损害分析及保护措施研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2011.LI Zhen.Research of pedestrian head injury in traffic accident and pedestrian protection equipment[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2011.(in Chinese)
[12] 王希诚.汽车与行人碰撞模型及行人保护研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2005.WANG Xicheng.Study about the simulation of vehicle-pedestrian collision and the pedestrian protection[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2011.(in Chinese)
[13] CRAIG J.Introduction to robotics:Mechanics and control[M].New York:Pearson Education,2005.