响应面法优化猪粪沼气发酵工艺
|
摘要
为提高猪粪沼气发酵的产气效率,试验应用响应面法对其沼气发酵工艺进行优化,通过Design-Express8.0.6.1软件的Box-Behnken中心组合试验设计,以原料产气率为响应值,研究发酵温度、总固体浓度(TS)和搅拌转速3个因素对猪粪产气效率的影响,建立相关数学模型,并对模型进行降维优化分析,最后进行试验验证。结果表明,发酵温度和TS两因素对于猪粪产气效率的影响表现为极显著。最优工艺条件TS为5.8%,发酵温度为29℃,搅拌转速为92 r·min~(-1)时,理论原料产气率为160.09 mL·g~(-1)TS,试验原料产气率为154.83 mL·g~(-1)TS,试验值与理论值接近,二者相对偏差为3.21%。可见,所建模型能较好的优化沼气发酵工艺参数。
Biogas fermentation process of pig manure was optimized based on response surface methodology( RSM) in this paper. The Box-Behnken mode of Design-Express8. 0. 6. 1 software was used to optimize the digestion process. The effects of fermentation temperature,total solid concentration( TS) and stirring speed on the gas production efficiency of pig manure were studied with the gas production rate of raw materials as response. A related mathematical model was established. The model was analyzed by dimensional reduction optimization. At last,the model was tested and verified by experiments. The results showed that fermentation temperature and TS had significant effects on the biogas production rate of pig manure. The optimal process condition were TS 5. 8 %,fermentation temperature 29℃,and stirring speed 92 r·min~(-1). The theoretical and experimental gas production rate of raw materials at the optimal process parameters were 160. 09 mL·g~(-1) TS and 154. 83 mL·g~(-1) TS,respectively. The relative deviation between the experimental value and theoretical value was 3. 21%. It meant the fermentation process parameters could be well optimized by mathematical model established via Design-Express 8. 0. 6. 1.
Biogas fermentation process of pig manure was optimized based on response surface methodology( RSM) in this paper. The Box-Behnken mode of Design-Express8. 0. 6. 1 software was used to optimize the digestion process. The effects of fermentation temperature,total solid concentration( TS) and stirring speed on the gas production efficiency of pig manure were studied with the gas production rate of raw materials as response. A related mathematical model was established. The model was analyzed by dimensional reduction optimization. At last,the model was tested and verified by experiments. The results showed that fermentation temperature and TS had significant effects on the biogas production rate of pig manure. The optimal process condition were TS 5. 8 %,fermentation temperature 29℃,and stirring speed 92 r·min~(-1). The theoretical and experimental gas production rate of raw materials at the optimal process parameters were 160. 09 mL·g~(-1) TS and 154. 83 mL·g~(-1) TS,respectively. The relative deviation between the experimental value and theoretical value was 3. 21%. It meant the fermentation process parameters could be well optimized by mathematical model established via Design-Express 8. 0. 6. 1.
引文
[1]陈黎.猪粪资源化利用技术研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2011.
[2]黑龙江省统计局.黑龙江统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2016.
[3]朱凤连,马友华,周静,等.我国畜禽粪便污染和利用现状分析[J].安徽农学通报,2008,14(13):48-50.
[4]陈欣,涂德浴,隋倩雯,等.固体浓度对猪粪厌氧消化甲烷产出特性的影响[J].中国农业气象,2014,35(2):149-155.
[5]Buswell A M,Hatfield W D.Laboratory studies of sludge digestion.Miller T L.Anaerobic Fermentations[G]//Urbana:State of Illinois Department of Registration and Education,1936.
[6]Ahring B K,Ibrahim A A,Mladenovska Z.Effect of temperature increase from 55℃to 65℃on performance and microbial population dynamics of an anaerobic reactor treating Cattle manure[J].Water Research,2001,35:2446-2452.
[7]Kettunen R H,Rinala J A.The effect of low temperature(5℃~20℃)and adaptation on the methanogen ic activity of biomass[J].Appl Microbiol Biotechnol,1997,48:570-576.
[8]潘云锋,李文哲.物料浓度对畜粪厌氧消化的影响[J].农机化研究,2008,30(1):193-195.
[9]常华,李海红,闫志英.总固体浓度对猪粪中温连续厌氧发酵的影响[J].陕西科技大学学报,2017,35(4):27-31.
[10]Liu G J,Liu Y,Wang Z Y,et al.The effects of temperature,organic matter and time-dependency on rheological properties of dry anaerobic digested swine manure[J].Waste Management,2015,38(1):449-454.
[11]M.Halalsheh,et al.Effect of increasing the surface area of primary sludge on anaerobic digestion at low temperature[J].Bioresource Technology,2011(102):748-752.
[12]Hoffmann R A,Garcia M L,Veskivar M,et al.Effect of shear on performance and microbiaj ecology of continuously stirred anaerobic digesters treatiog animal manure[J].Biotechnol Bioeng,2008,100(1):38-48.
[13]Karim K,Hoffmann R,Klasson T,et al.Anaerobic digestion of animal waste:waste strength versus impact of mixing.[J].Bioresour Technol,2005,96(16):1771-1781.
[14]胡若贤,马倩婷,刘妍,等.响应面法对藕渣制莲藕醋发酵工艺的优化[J].食品工业,2013,34(1):56-68.
[15]乔小珊,李希希,付茂梅,等.响应面法分析优化牛粪厌氧发酵工艺参数[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(8):3395-3402.
[16]丁琨,苏有勇,张无敌.响应面法优化猪粪和玉米秸秆混合厌氧发酵产沼气工艺[J].中国沼气,2012,30(6):12-17.
[17]段彦芳.中温混合厌氧发酵产沼气影响条件分析及优化[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2015.
[18]中国科学院成都生物所.沼气发酵常规分析[M].北京:北京科学技术出版社,1984.48-51.
[19]国家环境保护总局.2002水和废水监测分析方法[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.211-281.
[18]戴喜末,熊子文,罗丽萍.响应面法优化野艾蒿多糖的超声波提取及其抗氧化性研究[J].食品科学,2011,32(8):93-97.
[20]陈源,杨道富,范丽华,等.响应面法优化微波提取茂谷橘橙皮总黄酮工艺[J].中国食品学报,2013,13(4):80-86.
[21]赵燕肖,习彦华,饶硕,等.碱热预处理对青霉素菌渣厌氧发酵产沼气效率的影响[J].中国沼气,2017,35(5):3-8.
[22]李轶,李磊,张大雷,等.餐厨垃圾和牛粪混合厌氧发酵工艺优化[J].农业机械学报,2012,43:180-185.
[2]黑龙江省统计局.黑龙江统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2016.
[3]朱凤连,马友华,周静,等.我国畜禽粪便污染和利用现状分析[J].安徽农学通报,2008,14(13):48-50.
[4]陈欣,涂德浴,隋倩雯,等.固体浓度对猪粪厌氧消化甲烷产出特性的影响[J].中国农业气象,2014,35(2):149-155.
[5]Buswell A M,Hatfield W D.Laboratory studies of sludge digestion.Miller T L.Anaerobic Fermentations[G]//Urbana:State of Illinois Department of Registration and Education,1936.
[6]Ahring B K,Ibrahim A A,Mladenovska Z.Effect of temperature increase from 55℃to 65℃on performance and microbial population dynamics of an anaerobic reactor treating Cattle manure[J].Water Research,2001,35:2446-2452.
[7]Kettunen R H,Rinala J A.The effect of low temperature(5℃~20℃)and adaptation on the methanogen ic activity of biomass[J].Appl Microbiol Biotechnol,1997,48:570-576.
[8]潘云锋,李文哲.物料浓度对畜粪厌氧消化的影响[J].农机化研究,2008,30(1):193-195.
[9]常华,李海红,闫志英.总固体浓度对猪粪中温连续厌氧发酵的影响[J].陕西科技大学学报,2017,35(4):27-31.
[10]Liu G J,Liu Y,Wang Z Y,et al.The effects of temperature,organic matter and time-dependency on rheological properties of dry anaerobic digested swine manure[J].Waste Management,2015,38(1):449-454.
[11]M.Halalsheh,et al.Effect of increasing the surface area of primary sludge on anaerobic digestion at low temperature[J].Bioresource Technology,2011(102):748-752.
[12]Hoffmann R A,Garcia M L,Veskivar M,et al.Effect of shear on performance and microbiaj ecology of continuously stirred anaerobic digesters treatiog animal manure[J].Biotechnol Bioeng,2008,100(1):38-48.
[13]Karim K,Hoffmann R,Klasson T,et al.Anaerobic digestion of animal waste:waste strength versus impact of mixing.[J].Bioresour Technol,2005,96(16):1771-1781.
[14]胡若贤,马倩婷,刘妍,等.响应面法对藕渣制莲藕醋发酵工艺的优化[J].食品工业,2013,34(1):56-68.
[15]乔小珊,李希希,付茂梅,等.响应面法分析优化牛粪厌氧发酵工艺参数[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(8):3395-3402.
[16]丁琨,苏有勇,张无敌.响应面法优化猪粪和玉米秸秆混合厌氧发酵产沼气工艺[J].中国沼气,2012,30(6):12-17.
[17]段彦芳.中温混合厌氧发酵产沼气影响条件分析及优化[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2015.
[18]中国科学院成都生物所.沼气发酵常规分析[M].北京:北京科学技术出版社,1984.48-51.
[19]国家环境保护总局.2002水和废水监测分析方法[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.211-281.
[18]戴喜末,熊子文,罗丽萍.响应面法优化野艾蒿多糖的超声波提取及其抗氧化性研究[J].食品科学,2011,32(8):93-97.
[20]陈源,杨道富,范丽华,等.响应面法优化微波提取茂谷橘橙皮总黄酮工艺[J].中国食品学报,2013,13(4):80-86.
[21]赵燕肖,习彦华,饶硕,等.碱热预处理对青霉素菌渣厌氧发酵产沼气效率的影响[J].中国沼气,2017,35(5):3-8.
[22]李轶,李磊,张大雷,等.餐厨垃圾和牛粪混合厌氧发酵工艺优化[J].农业机械学报,2012,43:180-185.