新疆甘家湖自然保护区梭梭林碳储量
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摘要
根据新疆第二次森林资源普查的结果统计甘家湖保护区不同盖度梭梭林的面积。选择3个不同盖度的梭梭林测定梭梭、草本植物以及土壤的有机碳含量,计算梭梭林的总碳储量。结果表明:甘家湖保护区的梭梭林总面积为360.79km~2,98.43%的梭梭林盖度低于50%。甘家湖保护区梭梭林的总碳储量达到2.66万t。低盖度梭梭林的碳储量占总碳储量的97.67%。土壤和梭梭的碳储量分别占总碳储量的71.42%和23.69%。盖度影响梭梭林的梭梭根系和全株生物量以及草本植物生物量。高盖度梭梭林的梭梭生物量最高,中盖度梭梭林的草本植物生物量最高。盖度影响梭梭根系含碳量。低盖度梭梭林根系含碳量显著高于中盖度。盖度和深度影响土壤碳密度。高盖度梭梭林的土壤碳密度最高。20cm以下土壤碳密度高于表层。梭梭单株碳储量与枝条、根系和单株的干重呈显著正相关。土壤碳密度与土壤有机碳含量呈显著正相关。今后应该采取措施促进梭梭林生长,提高其碳储量。
The result of the Second Forest Resource Survey of Xinjiang was used to evaluate total area of H. ammodendron forests. The H. ammodendron forests were divided into three coverages to measure carbon storage,herbaceous plants and soil carbon storage. The results showed that total area of H. ammdendron forests in Ganjiahu Reserve was 360. 79km2. The H. ammdendron forests that the coverages were lower than 50% accounted for98. 43% of the total forests. Total carbon storage of H. ammodendron forests in Ganjiahu Reserve was 2. 66 ×105t. Low coverage H. ammodendron forests accounted for 97. 67% of total carbon storage. Soil and H. ammodendron accounted for 71. 42% and 23. 69% total carbon storage,respectively. Root and plant biomasses of H.ammodendron and herbaceous biomass were affected significantly by coverage. The biomasses of root and plant was the highest in higher coverage of H. ammdendron forests,whereas herbaceous biomass was the highest in H.ammdendron forests with middle coverage. Carbon content of H. ammodendron root was affected significantly by coverage. Carbon content of low coverage of H. ammodendron forests was higher than middle coverage. Soil carbon density was affected significantly by coverage and depth. Soil carbon density was the highest in H. ammdendron forests with high coverage. Soil carbon density was higher in soil layers deeper than 20 cm. Plant carbon stock of H. ammodendron was significantly positively related with dry mass of shoot,root and total plant. Soil carbon density was significantly positively related with soil organic carbon content. The growth of H. ammodendron forests should be promoted and its carbon storage will be enhanced in future.
The result of the Second Forest Resource Survey of Xinjiang was used to evaluate total area of H. ammodendron forests. The H. ammodendron forests were divided into three coverages to measure carbon storage,herbaceous plants and soil carbon storage. The results showed that total area of H. ammdendron forests in Ganjiahu Reserve was 360. 79km2. The H. ammdendron forests that the coverages were lower than 50% accounted for98. 43% of the total forests. Total carbon storage of H. ammodendron forests in Ganjiahu Reserve was 2. 66 ×105t. Low coverage H. ammodendron forests accounted for 97. 67% of total carbon storage. Soil and H. ammodendron accounted for 71. 42% and 23. 69% total carbon storage,respectively. Root and plant biomasses of H.ammodendron and herbaceous biomass were affected significantly by coverage. The biomasses of root and plant was the highest in higher coverage of H. ammdendron forests,whereas herbaceous biomass was the highest in H.ammdendron forests with middle coverage. Carbon content of H. ammodendron root was affected significantly by coverage. Carbon content of low coverage of H. ammodendron forests was higher than middle coverage. Soil carbon density was affected significantly by coverage and depth. Soil carbon density was the highest in H. ammdendron forests with high coverage. Soil carbon density was higher in soil layers deeper than 20 cm. Plant carbon stock of H. ammodendron was significantly positively related with dry mass of shoot,root and total plant. Soil carbon density was significantly positively related with soil organic carbon content. The growth of H. ammodendron forests should be promoted and its carbon storage will be enhanced in future.
引文
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[19]王鑫,杨德刚,熊黑钢,等.新疆干旱区8种常见灌丛生物量碳和土壤有机碳特征[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(8):1996-2002.
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[2]赵同谦,欧阳志云,郑华,等.中国森林生态系统服务功能及其价值评价[J].自然资源学报,2004,19(4):480-491.
[3]张永利,杨锋伟,王兵,等.中国森林生态系统服务功能评估研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[4]Piao S L,Fang J Y,Ciais P,et al. The carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystem in China[J]. Nature,2009,458:1009-1013.
[5]IPCC. Climate Change 2014. Mitigation of Climate Change[M]. Cambridge and New York:Cambridge Press,2014.
[6]侯学煜.中国植被图集[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
[7]孔宪武.中国植物志(第二十五卷第二分册)(藜科,苋科)[M].北京:科学出版社,1979.
[8]Huang Z Y,Zhang X S,Zheng G H,et al. Influence of light,temperature,salinity and storage on seed germination of Haloxylon ammodendron[J]. Journal of Arid Environments,2003,55(3):453-464.
[9]郭泉水,谭德远,刘玉军,等.梭梭对干旱的适应及抗旱机理研究进展[J].林业科学研究,2004,17(6):796-803.
[10]郭泉水,王春玲,郭志华,等.我国现存梭梭荒漠植被地理分布及其斑块特征[J].林业科学,2005,41(5):2-7.
[11]国家林业局,农业部.国家重点保护野生植物名录[Z]. 1999-8-4.
[12]张景波,王葆芳,郝玉光,等.我国梭梭林地理分布和适应环境及种源变异[J].干旱区资源与环境,2010,24(5):166-171.
[13]LY/T 2006. 2012,荒漠生态系统服务评估规范[S].
[14]国家林业局.森林资源规划设计调查主要技术规定[Z]. 2003-04.
[15]LY/T 1721. 2008,森林生态系统服务评估规范[S].
[16]李启财.新疆甘家湖自然保护区梭梭退化机制研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆师范大学,2013:16-39.
[17]闫德仁.内蒙古沙区森林及其碳储量估算[J].中国沙漠,2012,32(2):564-567.
[18]吉小敏,孙慧瑛,宁虎森,等.准噶尔盆地西缘天然梭梭林土壤有机碳及养分的分布特征[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,28(12):148-153.
[19]王鑫,杨德刚,熊黑钢,等.新疆干旱区8种常见灌丛生物量碳和土壤有机碳特征[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(8):1996-2002.
[20]Gong Y,Hu Y,Fang F,et al. Carbon storage and vertical distribution in three shrubland communities in Gurbantünggüt Desert,Uygur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang,Northwest China[J]. Chinese Geographical Science,2012,22(5):541-549.
[21]任珺,陶玲.准噶尔盆地梭梭植物群落的聚类分析[J].植物研究,2002,25(4):410-414.