中国分省的碳排放责任分担机制探讨
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摘要
中国省际间、地区间经济联系密不可分,大量的CO_2随着国内外频繁的贸易活动在省际间转移。本文针对以生产直接排放为基准界定区域排放责任的弊端,将基于消费的排放纳入排放责任体系,探讨了中国省级层面的碳排放责任分担机制。根据各地区经济发展水平、资源禀赋等特征,建立了中国省级层面动态分区域的碳排放责任分担模型,并计算了2007年各省份的碳排放责任分担量,为区域碳排放责任的分担提供了新的视角和依据,对其他环境污染责任的分担具有借鉴意义。
引文
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[25]WANG H,ZHANG Y,ZHAO H,et al.Trade-driven relocation of air pollution and health impacts in China[J].Nature Communications,2017,8(1):738.
[26]ANDREW R,FORGIE V.A threeperspective view of greenhouse gas emission responsibilities in New Zealand[J].Ecological Economics,2008,68(1-2):194-204.
[2]LIKHVAR V N,PASCAL M,MARKAKIS K,et al.A multi-scale health impact assessment of air pollution over the 21st century[J].Science of the Total Environment,2015,514:439-449.
[3]IPCC.2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories[M].Japan,The Insitue for Global Environmental Strategies.
[4]WANG H,ZHANG R,LIU M,et al.The carbon emissions of Chinese cities[J].Atmospheric Chemistry&Physics,2012,12(3):7985-8007.
[5]LIU M M,WANG H K,WANG H M,et al.Refined estimate of China’s CO2 emissions in spatiotemporal distributions[J].Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,2013,13(21):10873-10882.
[6]KENNEDY C,STEINBERGER J,GASSON B,et al.Methodology for inventorying greenhouse gas emissions from global cities[J].Energy Policy,2010,38(9):4828-4837.
[7]KENNEDY C,STEINBERGER J,GASSONB,et al.Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Global Cities[J].Environ Sci Technol,2009,43(19):7297-7302.
[8]BI J,ZHANG R,WANG H,et al.The benchmarks of carbon emissions and policy implications for China's cities:Case of Nanjing[J].Energy Policy,2011,39(9):4785-4794.
[9]IEA.CO2 highlights 2012[M].Inernational Energy Agncy,2012.
[10]CDIAC.Global CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel burning,cement manufacture,and gas flaring:1751-2010.2013a[EB/OL].http://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/trends/emis/top2010.tot.
[11]WYCKOFF A W,ROOP J M.The embodiment of carbon in imports of manufactured products:Implications for international agreements on greenhouse gas emissions[J].Energy Policy,1994,22(3):187-194.
[12]SCHAEFFER R,LEAL D S A.The embodiment of carbon associated with Brazilian imports and exports[J].Fuel&Energy Abstracts,1996,37(3):955-960.
[13]PETERS G P,HERTWICH E G.CO2embodied in international trade with implications for global climate policy[J].Environ Sci Technol,2008,42(5):1401.
[14]KONDO Y,MORIGUCHI Y,SHIMIZU H.CO2 emissions in Japan:Influences of imports and exports[J].Appl Energy,1998,59(2-3):163-174.
[15]FERN G J J.Allocating the responsibility of CO2 over-emissions from the perspectives of benefit principle and ecological deficit[J].Ecological Economics,2003,46(1):121-141.
[16]LENZEN M,MURRAY J.Conceptualising environmental responsibility[J].Ecological Economics,2010,70(2):261-270.
[17]CDIAC.National CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel burning,cement manufacture,and gas flaring:1751-2010.2013b[EB/OL].http://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/trends/emis/top2010.tot.
[18]LENZEN M,MURRAY J,SACK F,et al.Shared producer and consumer responsibility-Theory and practice[J].Ecological Economics,2007,61(1):27-42.
[19]BASTIANONI S,PULSELLI F M,TIEZZI E.The problem of assigning responsibility for greenhouse gas emissions[J].Ecological Economics,2004,49(3):253-257.
[20]GAVRILOVA O,VILU R.Productionbased and consumption-based national greenhouse gas inventories:An implication for Estonia[J].Ecological Economics,2012(75):161-173.
[21]DAVISS J,CAL DEIRA K.Consumption-based accounting of CO2emissions[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2010,107(12):5687-5692.
[22]范进,赵定涛,郭韬.基于消费者视角的碳排放权交易机制研究[J].中国软科学,2012(6):24-32.
[23]RAUPACH M R,DAVIS S J,PETERSG P,et al.Sharing a quota on cumulative carbon emissions[J].Nature Climate Change,2014(4):873.
[24]张艳霞.基于嵌套的多地区投入产出模型的中国省域CO2与大气污染物转移及责任分配研究[D].南京:南京大学,2015.
[25]WANG H,ZHANG Y,ZHAO H,et al.Trade-driven relocation of air pollution and health impacts in China[J].Nature Communications,2017,8(1):738.
[26]ANDREW R,FORGIE V.A threeperspective view of greenhouse gas emission responsibilities in New Zealand[J].Ecological Economics,2008,68(1-2):194-204.