多点交替进水阶式A~2/O工艺强化脱氮除磷
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摘要
为强化CMICAO(多点交替进水阶式A2/O)工艺的脱氮除磷性能,通过调整进水C/N〔ρ(CODCr)/ρ(TN)〕、进水端厌氧池和缺氧池的进水流量比对CMICAO工艺参数进行优化,考察其对氮、磷去除的影响.结果表明:试验条件下,C/N的提高可增强SND(同步硝化反硝化)作用,氮的去除效果也随之提高,C/N≥7时,前好氧池同步硝化反硝化率达到61%,出水ρ(TN)≤9.0mg/L;在相同工况下,较低的C/N下反硝化除磷现象更明显.综合考虑,C/N在5~7范围内,可取得较好的整体脱氮除磷效果.优化工艺进水碳源分配可提高碳源利用效率,氮、磷的去除效果受进水流量比的影响较大,当厌氧池和缺氧池进水流量比为2.0时,可强化缺氧池的反硝化除磷作用,TN和TP去除率分别为75%和92%,出水ρ(CODCr)、ρ(NH+4-N)、ρ(TN)和ρ(TP)分别为28.7、1.9、9.2和0.27 mg/L,通过优化实现了CMICAO工艺对氮、磷去除的强化.
In order to enhance the nutrient removal efficiency in cascade A2/O with commutative multi-influent( CMICAO) process,the concentration ratio of carbon to nitrogen( i. e.,C/N ratio) in the influent and the distribution ratio of the influent in the anaerobic and anoxic tanks were adjusted to optimize the operation performance. The results indicated that a higher C/N ratio,which caused an increase in nitrogen removal rate,would accelerate the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification( SND) reaction rates. The efficiency of SND could reach 61%,and the TN concentration in the effluent was lower than 9. 0 mg/L,when the C/N ratio was higher than 7. In contrast,the denitrifying phosphorylation process was enhanced under lower C/N ratio. Considering the overall removal efficiencies of nitrogen and phosphorus,the C/N ratio should be controlled in the range of 5-7. The distribution of carbon source in the influent was optimized to improve the substrate utilization efficiency. The TN and TP removal rates were greatly affected by the carbon distribution mode. When the influent distribution ratio reached 2. 0,the denitrifying phosphorylation process was boosted,and the removal rates of TN and TP were75% and 92%,respectively,while the effluent concentrations of CODCr,NH+4-N,TN and TP were 28. 7,1. 9,9. 2 and 0. 27 mg/L,respectively. In general,the nutrient removal efficiencies were improved in the optimized CMICAO process.
In order to enhance the nutrient removal efficiency in cascade A2/O with commutative multi-influent( CMICAO) process,the concentration ratio of carbon to nitrogen( i. e.,C/N ratio) in the influent and the distribution ratio of the influent in the anaerobic and anoxic tanks were adjusted to optimize the operation performance. The results indicated that a higher C/N ratio,which caused an increase in nitrogen removal rate,would accelerate the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification( SND) reaction rates. The efficiency of SND could reach 61%,and the TN concentration in the effluent was lower than 9. 0 mg/L,when the C/N ratio was higher than 7. In contrast,the denitrifying phosphorylation process was enhanced under lower C/N ratio. Considering the overall removal efficiencies of nitrogen and phosphorus,the C/N ratio should be controlled in the range of 5-7. The distribution of carbon source in the influent was optimized to improve the substrate utilization efficiency. The TN and TP removal rates were greatly affected by the carbon distribution mode. When the influent distribution ratio reached 2. 0,the denitrifying phosphorylation process was boosted,and the removal rates of TN and TP were75% and 92%,respectively,while the effluent concentrations of CODCr,NH+4-N,TN and TP were 28. 7,1. 9,9. 2 and 0. 27 mg/L,respectively. In general,the nutrient removal efficiencies were improved in the optimized CMICAO process.
引文
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[19]CHIU Y C,LEE L,CHANG C N,et al.Control of carbon and ammonium ratio for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in a sequencing batch bioreactor[J].International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation,2007,59(1):1-7.
[20]HOLMAN J B,WAREHAM D G.COD,ammonia and dissolved oxygen time profiles in the simultaneous nitrification/denitrification process[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2005,22:125-133.
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[22]郭海娟,马放,沈耀良.C/N比对反硝化除磷效果的影响[J].环境科学学报,2005,25(3):367-371.GUO Haijuan,MA Fang,SHEN Yaoliang.Effect of C/N ration on denitrifying dephosphatation[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2005,25(3):367-371.
[23]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[24]KATIE A T,NATALIE B,RALF C R.Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification using stored substrate(PHB)as the electron donor in an SBR[J].Biotechnology and Bioengineering,2003,83:706-720.
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[26]程飞,孙根行,郭昌梓,等.Carrousel氧化沟同步硝化反硝化的影响因素研究[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(12):7381-7384.CHENG Fei,SUN Genxing,GUO Changzi,et al.Study on the impact factors of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in a carrousel oxidation ditch[J].Journal of Anhui Agriculture Science,2011,39(12):7381-7384.
[27]HE Shengbing,XUE Gang,WANG Baozhen.Factors affecting simultaneous nitrification and denitrification(SND)and its kinetics model in membrane bioreactor[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,168(2/3):704-710.
[28]POCHANA K,KELLER J.Study of factors affecting simultaneous nitrification and denitrification(SND)[J].Water Science and Technology,1999,39(6):61-68.
[29]MENG Qingjuan,YANG Fenglin,LIU Lifen.Effects of COD/N ratio and DO concentration on simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in an airlift internal circulation membrane bioreactor[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2008,20(8):933-939.
[30]章胜红,陈季华,孙志国.曝气生物滤池废水深度处理同步硝化反硝化机理及影响因素[J].东华大学学报(自然科学版),2007,33(1):125-129.ZHANG Shenghong,CHEN Jihua,SUN Zhiguo.Mechanism and affecting factors of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in water deep treating using biological aerated filter(BAF)[J].Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science),2007,33(1):125-129.
[31]周丹丹,马放,董双石,等.溶解氧和有机碳源对同步硝化反硝化的影响[J].环境工程学报,2007,1(4):25-28.ZHOU Dandan,MA Fang,DONG Shuangshi,et al.Influences of DO and organic carbon on simultaneous nitrification and denitrification[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2007,1(4):25-28.
[32]MERZOUKI M,BERNET N.Biological denitrifying phosphorus removal in SBR:effect of added nitrate concentration and sludge retention time[J].Water Science and Technology,2001,43(3):191-194.
[33]MOGENS H,WILLI G,TAKAHASHI M.Activated sludge model No.2D,ASM2D[J].Water Science and Technology,1999,39(1):165-182.
[34]KUBA T,VAN LOOSDRECHT M C M,HEIJNEN J J.Phosphorus and nitrogen removal with minimal COD requirement by integration of denitrifying dephosphatation and nitrification in a two-sludge system[J].Water Research,1996,30(7):1702-1710.
[2]MULKERRINS D,O'CONNOR E,LAWLEE B,et al.Assessing the feasibility of achieving biological nutrient removal from wastewater at an Irish food processing factory[J].Bioresource Technology,2004,91(2):207-214.
[3]TANWAR P,NANDY T,KHAN R,et al.Intermittent cyclic process for enhanced biological nutrient removal treating combined chemical laboratory wastewater[J].Bioresource Technology,2007,98(13):2473-2478.
[4]LIU Hongbo,CHEN Piao,CHEN Zhongbing.Role of influent split ratio in a two-line BNR process performing denitrifying phosphorus removal[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2015,267:266-273.
[5]CARUCCI A,KUHRNI M,BRUN R,et al.Microbial competition for the organic substrates and its impact on EBPR system under conditions of changing carbon feed[J].Water Science and Technology,1997,36(12):19-27.
[6]侯红娟,王洪洋,周琪.进水COD浓度及C/N值对脱氮效果的影响[J].中国给水排水,2005,21(12):19-23.HOU Hongjuan,WANG Hongyang,ZHOU Qi.Effect of influent COD concentration and C/N ratio on denitrification[J].China Water and Wastewater,2005,21(12):19-23.
[7]窦月芹,吕锡武,徐洪斌.六箱一体式反应器水力流态及其脱氮除磷性能[J].水处理技术,2007,33(2):60-63.DOU Yueqin,LXiwu,XU Hongbin.Water flow pattern and biological removal of nitrogen and phosphorus in integrative six tanks activated sludge reactor[J].Technology of Water Treatment,2007,33(2):60-63.
[8]张超,徐洪斌,吕锡武.六箱一体化工艺处理城市污水周期设置的试验[J].安全与环境工程,2005,12(3):55-59.ZHANG Chao,XU Hongbin,LXiwu.Study on cycle-time of integrated system with six tanks in treating municipal sewage[J].Safety and Environment Engineering,2005,12(3):55-59.
[9]张超.多点交替进水五箱一体化脱氮除磷工艺的特性及机理研究[D].南京:东南大学,2006:17-19.
[10]窦月芹,吕锡武,马蓉,等.多点交替进水五箱一体式活性污泥工艺阶段转换实时控制基础[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2007,37(3):500-503.DOU Yueqin,LXiwu,MA Rong,et al.Fundamental study on real-time control of phase diversion in commutative multi-influent activated sludge process with five tanks[J].Journal of Southeast University(Natural Science Edition),2007,37(3):500-503.
[11]华清秀,朱光灿,袁俊,等.多点交替进水阶式A2/O工艺氮磷去除途径[J].环境科学研究,2014,27(7):749-757.HUA Qingxiu,ZHU Guangcan,YUAN Jun,et al.Phosphorus and nitrogen removal pathways in a commutative multi-influent cascade A2/O process[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2014,27(7):749-757.
[12]TERADA A,YAMAMOTO T,IGARASHI R,et al.Feasibility of a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor to achieve controllable nitrification[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2006,28(1):123-130.
[13]OHANDJA D G,LI J F,JI J,et al.Simultaneous nitrificationdenitrification achieved by an innovative internal-loop airlift MBR:comparative study[J].Bioresource Technology,2008,99(13):5867-5872.
[14]GIBBS B,THIRD K A,NEWLAND M,et al.Long-term aeration management for improved N-removal via SND in a sequencing batch reactor[J].Water Research,2005,39(15):3523-3530.
[15]MOHAMMAD S F,MOHAMMAD H F.Modeling simultaneous nitrification and denitrification(SND)in a fluidized bed biofilm reactor[J].Applied Mathematical Modelling,2012,36(11):5603-5613.
[16]KUBA T,SMOLDERS G,VAN LOOSDRECHT M C M,et al.Biological phosphorus removal from wastewater by anaerobic-anoxic sequencing batch reactor[J].Water Science and Technology,1993,27(5/6):241-252.
[17]RAYMOND J Z,ROMAIN L,YUAN Zhiguo,et al.Simultaneous nitrification,denitrification,and phosphorus removal in a lab-scale sequencing batch reactor[J].Biotechnology and Bioengineering,2003,84(2):170-178.
[18]许卓,朱光灿,吕锡武,等.多点交替进水阶式A2/O工艺强化脱氮效果研究[J].中国给水排水,2012,28(13):129-132.XU Zhuo,ZHU Guangcan,LXiwu,et al.Enhanced denitrification effect of step A2/O process with commutative multi-influent[J].China Water and Wastewater,2012,28(13):129-132.
[19]CHIU Y C,LEE L,CHANG C N,et al.Control of carbon and ammonium ratio for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in a sequencing batch bioreactor[J].International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation,2007,59(1):1-7.
[20]HOLMAN J B,WAREHAM D G.COD,ammonia and dissolved oxygen time profiles in the simultaneous nitrification/denitrification process[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2005,22:125-133.
[21]马放,李平,张晓琦,等.SBR反应器同步硝化反硝化影响因素及其特性[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2011,43(8):55-60.MA Fang,LI Ping,ZHANG Xiaoqi,et al.The influencing factors and the characteristics of simultaneous nitrification-denitrification in SBR[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2011,43(8):55-60.
[22]郭海娟,马放,沈耀良.C/N比对反硝化除磷效果的影响[J].环境科学学报,2005,25(3):367-371.GUO Haijuan,MA Fang,SHEN Yaoliang.Effect of C/N ration on denitrifying dephosphatation[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2005,25(3):367-371.
[23]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[24]KATIE A T,NATALIE B,RALF C R.Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification using stored substrate(PHB)as the electron donor in an SBR[J].Biotechnology and Bioengineering,2003,83:706-720.
[25]吕其军,施永生.同步硝化反硝化脱氮技术[J].昆明理工大学学报(理工版),2003,28(6):91-95.LQijun,SHI Yongsheng.Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification technology[J].Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Science and Technology),2003,28(6):91-95.
[26]程飞,孙根行,郭昌梓,等.Carrousel氧化沟同步硝化反硝化的影响因素研究[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(12):7381-7384.CHENG Fei,SUN Genxing,GUO Changzi,et al.Study on the impact factors of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in a carrousel oxidation ditch[J].Journal of Anhui Agriculture Science,2011,39(12):7381-7384.
[27]HE Shengbing,XUE Gang,WANG Baozhen.Factors affecting simultaneous nitrification and denitrification(SND)and its kinetics model in membrane bioreactor[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,168(2/3):704-710.
[28]POCHANA K,KELLER J.Study of factors affecting simultaneous nitrification and denitrification(SND)[J].Water Science and Technology,1999,39(6):61-68.
[29]MENG Qingjuan,YANG Fenglin,LIU Lifen.Effects of COD/N ratio and DO concentration on simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in an airlift internal circulation membrane bioreactor[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2008,20(8):933-939.
[30]章胜红,陈季华,孙志国.曝气生物滤池废水深度处理同步硝化反硝化机理及影响因素[J].东华大学学报(自然科学版),2007,33(1):125-129.ZHANG Shenghong,CHEN Jihua,SUN Zhiguo.Mechanism and affecting factors of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in water deep treating using biological aerated filter(BAF)[J].Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science),2007,33(1):125-129.
[31]周丹丹,马放,董双石,等.溶解氧和有机碳源对同步硝化反硝化的影响[J].环境工程学报,2007,1(4):25-28.ZHOU Dandan,MA Fang,DONG Shuangshi,et al.Influences of DO and organic carbon on simultaneous nitrification and denitrification[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2007,1(4):25-28.
[32]MERZOUKI M,BERNET N.Biological denitrifying phosphorus removal in SBR:effect of added nitrate concentration and sludge retention time[J].Water Science and Technology,2001,43(3):191-194.
[33]MOGENS H,WILLI G,TAKAHASHI M.Activated sludge model No.2D,ASM2D[J].Water Science and Technology,1999,39(1):165-182.
[34]KUBA T,VAN LOOSDRECHT M C M,HEIJNEN J J.Phosphorus and nitrogen removal with minimal COD requirement by integration of denitrifying dephosphatation and nitrification in a two-sludge system[J].Water Research,1996,30(7):1702-1710.