基于氨基酸碳稳定同位素的黄渤海刺参产地溯源的研究
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摘要
本研究利用气相色谱-燃烧-同位素比值质谱仪(GC-C-IRMS)测定黄渤海区域不同地区(辽宁、山东)刺参氨基酸的相对含量及其碳稳定同位素组成特征,探讨以这些指标作为海参产地溯源的可行性。测定结果显示,脯氨酸(F=4.13)、亮氨酸(F=9.08)、酪氨酸(F=8.78)的相对含量在两地之间存在显著差异,通过主成分分析法对氨基酸相对含量做降维处理后未能将两地海参做出明显区分;辽宁刺参氨基酸的δ~(13)C值范围是-24.54‰~-11.87‰,山东刺参氨基酸的δ~(13)C值范围是-27.36‰~-16.42‰,二者之间多数氨基酸的δ~(13)C值呈现显著差异,选取其中的两种氨基酸Tyr和Ser的δ~(13)C值作为指标,可明显区分二者。结果表明氨基酸的碳稳定同位素组成相比于其相对含量是作为区分辽宁、山东刺参更准确的指标。相关结论能为氨基酸的稳定同位素分析技术应用于刺参产地溯源研究提供理论依据。
In this study,we measured the relative contents and stable carbon isotope compositions of amino acids( AAs) in Apostichopus japonicus from Liaoning and Shandong by GC-C-IRMS,and evaluated its applicability in establishing the origin traceability of Apostichopus japonicus. Results showed that,the relative content of Pro( F = 4. 13),Ile( F = 9. 08) and Tyr( F = 8. 78) revealed significant difference between those two locations,and AAs compositions combined with principal component analysis did not discriminate samples of those two locations; the δ~(13) C values of A. japonicus from Liaoning ranged from-24. 54‰ ~-11. 87‰ and the δ~(13) C values of A. japonicus from Shandong ranged from-27. 36‰ ~-16. 42‰,most of the AAs δ~(13) C values revealed significant difference between those two locations,we selected two AAs: Tyr and Ser,and their δ~(13) C values could clearly discriminate samples of those two locations. So the stable carbon isotope composition of AAs is more precise than the AAs compositions for discriminating the samples of A. japonicus between Liaoning and Shandong. Thus,compound-specific carbon isotope analysis of AAs will provide a theoretical basis for establishing the traceability of the geographical origins of A. japonicus.
In this study,we measured the relative contents and stable carbon isotope compositions of amino acids( AAs) in Apostichopus japonicus from Liaoning and Shandong by GC-C-IRMS,and evaluated its applicability in establishing the origin traceability of Apostichopus japonicus. Results showed that,the relative content of Pro( F = 4. 13),Ile( F = 9. 08) and Tyr( F = 8. 78) revealed significant difference between those two locations,and AAs compositions combined with principal component analysis did not discriminate samples of those two locations; the δ~(13) C values of A. japonicus from Liaoning ranged from-24. 54‰ ~-11. 87‰ and the δ~(13) C values of A. japonicus from Shandong ranged from-27. 36‰ ~-16. 42‰,most of the AAs δ~(13) C values revealed significant difference between those two locations,we selected two AAs: Tyr and Ser,and their δ~(13) C values could clearly discriminate samples of those two locations. So the stable carbon isotope composition of AAs is more precise than the AAs compositions for discriminating the samples of A. japonicus between Liaoning and Shandong. Thus,compound-specific carbon isotope analysis of AAs will provide a theoretical basis for establishing the traceability of the geographical origins of A. japonicus.
引文
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[2]ZHANG X F,LIU Y,LI Y,et al.Identification of the geographical origins of sea cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus)in northern China by using stable isotope ratios and fatty acid profiles[J].Food Chemistry,2017,218:269-276.
[3]刘兴勇,林涛,刘宏程,等.基于水解氨基酸分析山羊肉的产地溯源[J].现代食品科技,2013(11):2788-2792.
[4]崔珊珊,胡卓炎,余恺,等.不同产地妃子笑荔枝果汁的氨基酸组分[J].食品科学,2011,32(12):269-273.
[5]DAVIES A M C.The application of amino acid analysis to the determination of the geographical origin of honey[J].International Journal of Food Science&Technology,1976,11(5):515-523.
[6]XU W P,SONG Q S,LI D X,et al.Discrimination of the production season of Chinese green tea by chemical analysis in combination with supervised pattern recognition[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2012,60(28):7064-7070.
[7]张颖,张健,史珅.氨基酸含量分析判别梅鹿辄葡萄原酒产地[J].食品研究与开发,2011,32(5):9-12.
[8]ORTEA I,GALLARDO J M.Investigation of production method,geographical origin and species authentication in commercially relevant shrimps using stable isotope ratio and/or multi-element analyses combined with chemometrics:an exploratory analysis[J].Food Chemistry,2015,170:145-153.
[9]RACO B,DOTSIKA E,POUTOUKIS D,et al.O-H-C isotope ratio determination in wine in order to be used as a fingerprint of its regional origin[J].Food Chemistry,2015,168:588-594.
[10]SCHWARCZ H P.Some theoretical aspects of isotope paleodiet studies[J].Journal of Archaeological Science,1991,18(3):261-275.
[11]METGES C C,PETZKE K J,HENNIG U.Gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometric comparison of N-acetyl-and N-pivaloyl amino acid esters to measure15N isotopic abundances in physiological samples:a pilot study on amino acid synthesis in the upper gastro-intestinal tract of minipigs[J].Journal of Mass Spectrometry,1996,31(4):367-376.
[12]METGES C C,DAENZER M.13C gas chromatography-combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry analysis of N-pivaloyl amino acid esters of tissue and plasma samples[J].Analytical Biochemistry,2000,278(2):156-164.
[13]王学敏.必需氨基酸和非必需氨基酸[J].国际检验医学杂志,1984(6):30-31.
[14]MCMAHON K W,FOGEL M L,ELSDON T S,et al.Carbon isotope fractionation of amino acids in fish muscle reflects biosynthesis and isotopic routing from dietary protein[J].Journal of Animal Ecology,2010,79(5):1132-1141.
[15]CHOUDHARY N L,SAIRAM R K,TYAGI A.Expression of delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase gene during drought in rice(Oryza sativa L.)[J].Indian Journal of Biochemistry&Biophysics,2005,42(6):366-370.
[16]YOSHIBA Y,KOYOSUE T,KATAGIRI T,et al.Correlation between the induction of a gene for delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase and the accumulation of proline in Arabidopsis thaliana under osmotic stress[J].The Plant Journal,1995,7(5):751-760.
[17]SARADHI P P,ALIAARORA S,PRASAD K V S K.Proline accumulates in plants exposed to uv radiation and protects them against uv-induced peroxidation[J].Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications,1995,209(1):1-5.
[18]LARSEN T,TAYLOR D L,LEIGH M B,et al.Stable isotope fingerprinting:a novel method for identifying plant,fungal,or bacterial origins of amino acids[J].Ecology,2009,90(12):3526-3535.