磁化水滴灌对土壤盐分及玉米产量品质的影响
|
摘要
以玉米为对象,研究不同强度磁化水灌溉对玉米产量、品质及生长状况的影响,并结合土壤盐分和养分的变化情况,探寻磁化水玉米增产提质的最佳磁化强度。结果表明:磁化水灌溉能够有效提高土壤盐分淋洗效率,加速对盐分的淋洗作用,磁化水灌溉可有效促进玉米产量的增加及品质的提升,以1 200~2 400 Gs效果最佳。磁化水灌溉使玉米产量增加了4%~16.2%。磁化处理的可溶性糖、蛋白质及淀粉含量分别较CK提升了1.4%~38.2%、11.7%~39.6%、9.6%~12.8%。这些结果不仅表明磁化水有效地促进玉米植株的生长及产量、品质的提升,也可以作为一种技术方法大面积推广。
A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of drip irrigation with different magnetic water on soil salinity and nutrients, maize yield and quality and to determine the optimal magnetic intensity. The results showed that drip irrigation with magnetic water accelerated the elution of soil salts and improved the elution efficiency, increased maize yield by 4%-16.2%, promoted soluble sugar, protein and starch in maize ears and kernels by 1.4%-38.2%, 11.7%-39.6% and 9.6%-12.8%, respectively, compared with CK, and in which magnetic intensity of 1200-2400 Gs had the best effect. Thus, drip irrigation with magnetic water is an effective technique to be popularized in Xinjiang and similar regions.
A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of drip irrigation with different magnetic water on soil salinity and nutrients, maize yield and quality and to determine the optimal magnetic intensity. The results showed that drip irrigation with magnetic water accelerated the elution of soil salts and improved the elution efficiency, increased maize yield by 4%-16.2%, promoted soluble sugar, protein and starch in maize ears and kernels by 1.4%-38.2%, 11.7%-39.6% and 9.6%-12.8%, respectively, compared with CK, and in which magnetic intensity of 1200-2400 Gs had the best effect. Thus, drip irrigation with magnetic water is an effective technique to be popularized in Xinjiang and similar regions.
引文
[1]陆宝祖.磁化水灌溉对棉花增产的效应研究[J].安徽农学通报,2007,13(7):132,92
[2]郑德明,姜益娟,柳维扬,等.膜下滴灌磁化水对棉田土壤的脱抑盐效果研究[J].土壤通报,2008,39(3):494–497
[3]王艳红,杨小刚.磁化水处理技术及其在农业上的应用[J].农业工程,2014,4(5):74–77
[4]Toledo Evelyn J L,Ramalho T C,Magriotis Z M.Influence of magnetic field on physical-chemical properties of the liquid water insights from experimental and theoretical models[J].Journal of Molecular Structure,2008,888(1):409–415
[5]Pang X F,Deng B.The changes of macroscopic features and microscopic structures of water under influence of magnetic field[J].Physica B:Physics of Condensed Matter,2008,403(19):3571–3577
[6]聂百胜,丁翠,李祥春,等.磁场对矿井水表面张力影响规律的实验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2013,42(1):19–23
[7]聂百胜,郭建华,袁少飞,等.外加磁场与表面活性剂对水表面张力影响程度对比[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(4):48–52
[8]曹宏,赵国林,张承烈.生物磁学在农作物生产中的应用[J].植物生理学通讯,1999,35(2):163–168
[9]丁振瑞,赵亚军,陈凤玲,等.磁化水的磁化机理研究[J].物理学报,2011,60(6):432–439
[10]杨明,刘伟,徐革联.磁化对水的性质影响的研究[J].化工时刊,2007,21(6):14–17
[11]Maheshwari B L,Grewal H S.Magnetic treatment of irrigation water:Its effects on vegetable crop yield and water productivity[J].Agricultural Water Management,2009,96(8):1229–1236
[12]周先容,何士敏,向邓云.磁化水处理大豆·玉米和水稻种子的生物学效应[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(17):7113–7115
[13]彭海玉,邓政寰.磁处理水对水稻种子萌发的影响[J].广东农业科学,1997(6):15–16
[14]陈胜文,刘士哲,肖英银,等.磁化水对番茄种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].广西园艺,2008,19(3):3–5
[15]肖望,叶素琴,王玉玲,等.磁化水浸种对西瓜种子萌发及幼苗生理的影响[J].生物技术,2003,13(6):39–41
[16]Khoshravesh M,Mostafazadeh F B,Mousavi S F,et al.Effects of magnetized water on the distribution pattern of soil water with respect to time in trickle irrigation[J].Soil Use and Management,2011,27(4):515–522
[17]Madsen H E L.Crystallization of calcium carbonate in magnetic field in ordinary and heavy water[J].Journal of Crystal Growth,2004,267(1):251–255
[18]张瑞喜,王卫兵,褚贵新.磁化水在盐渍化土壤中的入渗和淋洗效应[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(8):1634–1641
[19]孙林,罗毅,杨传杰,等.不同灌溉量膜下微咸水滴灌土壤盐分分布与积累特征[J].土壤学报,2012,49(3):22–30
[20]虎胆·吐马尔白,吴争光,苏里坦,等.棉花膜下滴灌土壤水盐运移规律数值模拟[J].土壤,2012,44(4):665–670
[21]颜路明,郭祥泉.盐碱胁迫对香樟幼苗离子吸收与分配的影响[J].土壤,2015,47(6):1176–1180
[22]赵国林,曹宏,张国柱,等.磁化水浸种对小麦生理代谢及增产效应的研究[J].西北农业学报,1997,6(4):42–46
[23]Surendran U,Sandeep O,Joseph E J.The impacts of magnetic treatment of irrigation water on plant,water and soil characteristics[J].Agricultural Water Management,2016,178(9):21–29
[24]Maheshwari B L,Grewal H S.Magnetic treatment of irrigation water:Its effects on vegetable crop yield and water productivity[J].Agricultural Water Management,2009,96(8):1229–1236
[25]Yusuf K O,Ogunlela A O.Impact of magnetic treatment of irrigation water on the growth and yield of tomato[J].Notulae Scientia Biologicae,2015,7(3):345–348
[2]郑德明,姜益娟,柳维扬,等.膜下滴灌磁化水对棉田土壤的脱抑盐效果研究[J].土壤通报,2008,39(3):494–497
[3]王艳红,杨小刚.磁化水处理技术及其在农业上的应用[J].农业工程,2014,4(5):74–77
[4]Toledo Evelyn J L,Ramalho T C,Magriotis Z M.Influence of magnetic field on physical-chemical properties of the liquid water insights from experimental and theoretical models[J].Journal of Molecular Structure,2008,888(1):409–415
[5]Pang X F,Deng B.The changes of macroscopic features and microscopic structures of water under influence of magnetic field[J].Physica B:Physics of Condensed Matter,2008,403(19):3571–3577
[6]聂百胜,丁翠,李祥春,等.磁场对矿井水表面张力影响规律的实验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2013,42(1):19–23
[7]聂百胜,郭建华,袁少飞,等.外加磁场与表面活性剂对水表面张力影响程度对比[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(4):48–52
[8]曹宏,赵国林,张承烈.生物磁学在农作物生产中的应用[J].植物生理学通讯,1999,35(2):163–168
[9]丁振瑞,赵亚军,陈凤玲,等.磁化水的磁化机理研究[J].物理学报,2011,60(6):432–439
[10]杨明,刘伟,徐革联.磁化对水的性质影响的研究[J].化工时刊,2007,21(6):14–17
[11]Maheshwari B L,Grewal H S.Magnetic treatment of irrigation water:Its effects on vegetable crop yield and water productivity[J].Agricultural Water Management,2009,96(8):1229–1236
[12]周先容,何士敏,向邓云.磁化水处理大豆·玉米和水稻种子的生物学效应[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(17):7113–7115
[13]彭海玉,邓政寰.磁处理水对水稻种子萌发的影响[J].广东农业科学,1997(6):15–16
[14]陈胜文,刘士哲,肖英银,等.磁化水对番茄种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].广西园艺,2008,19(3):3–5
[15]肖望,叶素琴,王玉玲,等.磁化水浸种对西瓜种子萌发及幼苗生理的影响[J].生物技术,2003,13(6):39–41
[16]Khoshravesh M,Mostafazadeh F B,Mousavi S F,et al.Effects of magnetized water on the distribution pattern of soil water with respect to time in trickle irrigation[J].Soil Use and Management,2011,27(4):515–522
[17]Madsen H E L.Crystallization of calcium carbonate in magnetic field in ordinary and heavy water[J].Journal of Crystal Growth,2004,267(1):251–255
[18]张瑞喜,王卫兵,褚贵新.磁化水在盐渍化土壤中的入渗和淋洗效应[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(8):1634–1641
[19]孙林,罗毅,杨传杰,等.不同灌溉量膜下微咸水滴灌土壤盐分分布与积累特征[J].土壤学报,2012,49(3):22–30
[20]虎胆·吐马尔白,吴争光,苏里坦,等.棉花膜下滴灌土壤水盐运移规律数值模拟[J].土壤,2012,44(4):665–670
[21]颜路明,郭祥泉.盐碱胁迫对香樟幼苗离子吸收与分配的影响[J].土壤,2015,47(6):1176–1180
[22]赵国林,曹宏,张国柱,等.磁化水浸种对小麦生理代谢及增产效应的研究[J].西北农业学报,1997,6(4):42–46
[23]Surendran U,Sandeep O,Joseph E J.The impacts of magnetic treatment of irrigation water on plant,water and soil characteristics[J].Agricultural Water Management,2016,178(9):21–29
[24]Maheshwari B L,Grewal H S.Magnetic treatment of irrigation water:Its effects on vegetable crop yield and water productivity[J].Agricultural Water Management,2009,96(8):1229–1236
[25]Yusuf K O,Ogunlela A O.Impact of magnetic treatment of irrigation water on the growth and yield of tomato[J].Notulae Scientia Biologicae,2015,7(3):345–348