多种区域化探数据处理方法及异常提取效果对比研究——以青海小河坝地区水系沉积物测量为例
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摘要
化探异常下限合理确定是地球化学勘查的关键环节,直接影响到矿产勘查工作部署和找矿成效。文章选取青海省鄂拉山成矿带北延小河坝地区,运用传统计算法、累积频率法、C-A分形法、地质子区法以及趋势面分析法等,对该地区5幅1:5万水系沉积物化探数据中主要成矿元素进行了异常提取效果的对比研究。结果显示,传统计算法异常由于受k值固定取值的影响,存在元素异常下限偏高的情况;累频法异常只突出了数据的高值异常区,对于低值异常区的识别效果一般;C-A分形法效果整体接近于计算法,其下限值也较为接近,但是两者在不同元素异常下限值的数值差浮动较大,也就导致不同元素的异常图效果差异性较大;趋势面分析法可以较好的识别低值异常,保留强异常的同时弱化部分高值区的影响,但是趋势面法异常规模存在偏小情况;地质子区法更适合于每个元素,能较好的识别低值异常,在保留强异常的同时弱化部分高值区的影响,并且整体与已知矿床点的对应度最佳。利用地质子区法进行化探数据处理,可以有效解决小河坝地区由于地质体不同导致的背景区存在差异这一情况。异常中的高值区一般都是由一些矿致现象产生,可用本方法来对小河坝地区进行化探异常综合研究,并指导实际矿产勘查工作。
The reasonable determination of the geochemical anomaly is a key link of geochemical exploration, which directly affects the deployment and prospecting results of mineral exploration. This article selects Ngola mountain metallogenic belt in Qinghai province north Xiaoheba area, using the traditional calculation method, the cumulative frequency method, C-A fractal method, geological area method and trend surface analysis, etc. A comparative study was made on the abnormal extraction effects of the major oreforming elements in the geochemical data of 5 pictures 1 : 50000 stream sediment systems in this area. the results show that the abnormal threshold of individual elements is higher in the traditional calculation method, because of the influence of the fixed value of K value. The anomaly of the frequency method only highlights the high value anomaly area of the data, and the recognition effects of the low value abnormal area is general. The overall effect of C-A fractal method is slightly closer to the calculation method, and the abnormal thresholds of two methods are close too, but the difference of different element abnormal threshold values is large in both methods,which leads to the difference of both result of anomalies is large. The trend surface analysis method can better identify the low value anomalies, retaining the strong anomaly and weakening the influence of the high value area, but the trend surface method has a small scale. Geological subarea method is more suitable for each element, it can better identify low value anomaly, keeps strong anomalies and weakens the influence of some high value area, moreover, the correspondence between the whole anomalies and known mineral deposit is best. Using the geological area method for the geochemical data processing, which can effectively solve the Xiaoheba area due to different geological background area differences, the high value anomaly is usually produced by some mineralization phenomena, we can use this method to the integrated study of geochemical anomalies in Xiaohebaarea, and guide the actual work of mineral exploration.
The reasonable determination of the geochemical anomaly is a key link of geochemical exploration, which directly affects the deployment and prospecting results of mineral exploration. This article selects Ngola mountain metallogenic belt in Qinghai province north Xiaoheba area, using the traditional calculation method, the cumulative frequency method, C-A fractal method, geological area method and trend surface analysis, etc. A comparative study was made on the abnormal extraction effects of the major oreforming elements in the geochemical data of 5 pictures 1 : 50000 stream sediment systems in this area. the results show that the abnormal threshold of individual elements is higher in the traditional calculation method, because of the influence of the fixed value of K value. The anomaly of the frequency method only highlights the high value anomaly area of the data, and the recognition effects of the low value abnormal area is general. The overall effect of C-A fractal method is slightly closer to the calculation method, and the abnormal thresholds of two methods are close too, but the difference of different element abnormal threshold values is large in both methods,which leads to the difference of both result of anomalies is large. The trend surface analysis method can better identify the low value anomalies, retaining the strong anomaly and weakening the influence of the high value area, but the trend surface method has a small scale. Geological subarea method is more suitable for each element, it can better identify low value anomaly, keeps strong anomalies and weakens the influence of some high value area, moreover, the correspondence between the whole anomalies and known mineral deposit is best. Using the geological area method for the geochemical data processing, which can effectively solve the Xiaoheba area due to different geological background area differences, the high value anomaly is usually produced by some mineralization phenomena, we can use this method to the integrated study of geochemical anomalies in Xiaohebaarea, and guide the actual work of mineral exploration.
引文
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Turcotte D L. 1986. A fractal approach to the relationship between ore grade and tonnage[J]. Economic Geology, 81(6):1528-1532.
陈健,李正栋,钟皓,武明贵.2014.多种地球化学异常下限确定方法的对比研究[J].地质调查与研究,37(03):29-34.
成秋明.2004.空间模式的广义自相似性分析与矿产资源评价[J].地球科学,29(6):733-744.
戴慧敏,宫传东,鲍庆中,孙中任,尤宏亮,金鑫,高飞.2010.区域化探数据处理中几种异常下限确定方法的对比—以内蒙古查巴奇地区水系沉积物为例[J].物探与化探,34(6):782-786.
韩东昱,龚庆杰,向运川.2004.区域化探数据处理的几种分形方法[J].地质通报,23(7):714-719.
胡飞,陈建国,曾小华,黎蓉,李靖,李鹏.2014.基于MAPGIS平台化探数据多重分型特征与找矿预测—以两路口矿区为例[J].资源环境与工程,28(6):985-989.
胡青华,肖晓林,曹圣华,吴明仁,冯国圣,熊伟.2011.地球化学异常下限的含量一面积分形计算方法—以江西永平地区为例[J].东华理工大学学报(自然科学版),34(2):107-110.
李蒙文,战明国,赵财胜,李峰,赵红芳,姚佛军,陈莉,汪莉丽.2006.稳健估计方法在内蒙古新忽热地区水系沉积物测量异常评价中的应用[J].矿床地质,25(1):27-35.
李随民,姚书振,韩玉丑.2007.Surfer软件中利用趋势面方法圈定化探异常[J].地质与勘探,43(2):72-75.
李随民,姚书振.2005.基于MAPGIS的分形方法确定化探异常[J].地球学报,26(2):187-190.
施海鹏,魏俊浩,赵少卿,田宁,张道涵,王艺龙,王大钊.2015.宁夏贺兰山北段1:5万化探数据的含量面积分形异常特征及找矿预测[J].地质科技情报,34(03):71-79+95.
史长义,张金华,黄笑梅.1999.子区中位数衬值滤波法及弱小异常识别[J].物探与化探,23(4):250-257.
史长义,赵永平,刘莉.2003.矿产资源地球化学评价和预测的几个问题[J].地质与勘探,39(6):14-17.
史长义.1991.化探数据解释推断的新方法—EDA技术[J].国外地质勘探技术,(01):38-41.
史长义.1993.勘查数据分析(EDA)技术的应用[J].地质与勘探,29(11):52-58.
史长义.1995.异常下限与异常识别之现状[J].国外地质勘探技术,(3):19-25.
谢淑云,鲍征宇.2002.地球化学场的连续多重分形模式[J].地球化学,31(2):191-200.
谢淑云,鲍征宇.2003.多重分形与地球化学元素的分布规律[J].地质地球化学,31(3):97-102.
赵伟,李佑国,汪等,孙晓旭.2012.地质子区异常下限衬值法在化探中的应用—以藏东八宿地区为例[J].地球科学进展,27(S1):108-111.
Shuyun Xie, Zhengyu Bao. 2004. Fractal and Multifractal Properties of Geochemical Fields[J].Mathematical Geology, 36(7):847-864.
Turcotte D L. 1986. A fractal approach to the relationship between ore grade and tonnage[J]. Economic Geology, 81(6):1528-1532.
陈健,李正栋,钟皓,武明贵.2014.多种地球化学异常下限确定方法的对比研究[J].地质调查与研究,37(03):29-34.
成秋明.2004.空间模式的广义自相似性分析与矿产资源评价[J].地球科学,29(6):733-744.
戴慧敏,宫传东,鲍庆中,孙中任,尤宏亮,金鑫,高飞.2010.区域化探数据处理中几种异常下限确定方法的对比—以内蒙古查巴奇地区水系沉积物为例[J].物探与化探,34(6):782-786.
韩东昱,龚庆杰,向运川.2004.区域化探数据处理的几种分形方法[J].地质通报,23(7):714-719.
胡飞,陈建国,曾小华,黎蓉,李靖,李鹏.2014.基于MAPGIS平台化探数据多重分型特征与找矿预测—以两路口矿区为例[J].资源环境与工程,28(6):985-989.
胡青华,肖晓林,曹圣华,吴明仁,冯国圣,熊伟.2011.地球化学异常下限的含量一面积分形计算方法—以江西永平地区为例[J].东华理工大学学报(自然科学版),34(2):107-110.
李蒙文,战明国,赵财胜,李峰,赵红芳,姚佛军,陈莉,汪莉丽.2006.稳健估计方法在内蒙古新忽热地区水系沉积物测量异常评价中的应用[J].矿床地质,25(1):27-35.
李随民,姚书振,韩玉丑.2007.Surfer软件中利用趋势面方法圈定化探异常[J].地质与勘探,43(2):72-75.
李随民,姚书振.2005.基于MAPGIS的分形方法确定化探异常[J].地球学报,26(2):187-190.
施海鹏,魏俊浩,赵少卿,田宁,张道涵,王艺龙,王大钊.2015.宁夏贺兰山北段1:5万化探数据的含量面积分形异常特征及找矿预测[J].地质科技情报,34(03):71-79+95.
史长义,张金华,黄笑梅.1999.子区中位数衬值滤波法及弱小异常识别[J].物探与化探,23(4):250-257.
史长义,赵永平,刘莉.2003.矿产资源地球化学评价和预测的几个问题[J].地质与勘探,39(6):14-17.
史长义.1991.化探数据解释推断的新方法—EDA技术[J].国外地质勘探技术,(01):38-41.
史长义.1993.勘查数据分析(EDA)技术的应用[J].地质与勘探,29(11):52-58.
史长义.1995.异常下限与异常识别之现状[J].国外地质勘探技术,(3):19-25.
谢淑云,鲍征宇.2002.地球化学场的连续多重分形模式[J].地球化学,31(2):191-200.
谢淑云,鲍征宇.2003.多重分形与地球化学元素的分布规律[J].地质地球化学,31(3):97-102.
赵伟,李佑国,汪等,孙晓旭.2012.地质子区异常下限衬值法在化探中的应用—以藏东八宿地区为例[J].地球科学进展,27(S1):108-111.