混合励磁轴向磁场磁通切换电机弱磁控制
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摘要
混合励磁轴向磁场磁通切换电机(hybrid excited axialfield flux-switching machine,HEAFFSM)结合了磁通切换电机和混合励磁同步电机的优点。为了研究HEAFFSM在低速区和高速区的运行性能,该文分析了HEAFFSM的结构特性、磁场调节机理及电感特性,并推导了它的数学模型。基于矢量控制方法,建立了HEAFFSM驱动系统。在低速区,提出了一种保持id=0仅采用if进行增磁的控制策略,并采用该控制策略研究了HEAFFSM的低速区特性;在高速区,提出了一种基于电压差判断弱磁时刻的弱磁控制策略,并采用所提出的控制策略研究了HEAFFSM的弱磁特性。仿真与实验结果表明,在低速区,id=0控制可以充分利用HEAFFSM的输出转矩,HEAFFSM带载能力较强;在高速区,相对基于转速判断弱磁时刻的弱磁控制策略,该文所提出的弱磁策略可以充分利用逆变器的输出电压,拓宽HEAFFSM调速范围,因此HEAFFSM比较适合作为轮毂电机用作电动汽车的驱动。
The hybrid excited axial field flux-switching machine(HEAFFSM) combines the advantages of the flux-switching machine and the hybrid excited synchronous machine(HESM). In order to study the operating performances of HEAFFSM in low and high speed operation regions, the structure and the adjustment principle of magnetic fields of HEAFFSM are analyzed. The inductance and flux linkage characteristics are investigated. The mathematical model of HEAFFSM is deduced and the drive system is established according to the vector control method. Based on the stage control strategy, the loading capacity of HEAFFSM is researched by using the id =0 control in the low speed region. In the high speed region, a kind of flux-weakening control strategy is presented and the flux-weakening characteristics of HEAFFSM are studied, in which the moment of flux-weakening is judged based on the voltage difference. The simulations and experimental investigation are carried out, the results show that the torque of HEAFFSM could be fully utilized by id =0 control and HEAFFSM has a strong load capacity. Compared to the flux-weakening control strategy based on speed, the flux-weakening control strategy based on voltage difference to judge the moment of flux-weakening could take full advantage of the inverter output voltage and could broaden the range of speed regulation, so the HEAFFSM is suitable for in-wheel motors of electric vehicles(EVs).
The hybrid excited axial field flux-switching machine(HEAFFSM) combines the advantages of the flux-switching machine and the hybrid excited synchronous machine(HESM). In order to study the operating performances of HEAFFSM in low and high speed operation regions, the structure and the adjustment principle of magnetic fields of HEAFFSM are analyzed. The inductance and flux linkage characteristics are investigated. The mathematical model of HEAFFSM is deduced and the drive system is established according to the vector control method. Based on the stage control strategy, the loading capacity of HEAFFSM is researched by using the id =0 control in the low speed region. In the high speed region, a kind of flux-weakening control strategy is presented and the flux-weakening characteristics of HEAFFSM are studied, in which the moment of flux-weakening is judged based on the voltage difference. The simulations and experimental investigation are carried out, the results show that the torque of HEAFFSM could be fully utilized by id =0 control and HEAFFSM has a strong load capacity. Compared to the flux-weakening control strategy based on speed, the flux-weakening control strategy based on voltage difference to judge the moment of flux-weakening could take full advantage of the inverter output voltage and could broaden the range of speed regulation, so the HEAFFSM is suitable for in-wheel motors of electric vehicles(EVs).
引文
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[12]赵纪龙,林明耀,裴召刚,等.轴向磁场磁通切换永磁电机矢量控制[J].东南大学学报:自然科学版,2014:44(5):929-934.Zhao Jilong,Mingyao Lin,Pei Zhaogang,et al.Vector control of axial field flux-switching permanent magnet machine[J].Journal of Southeast University:Natural science edition,2014:44(5):929-934(in Chinese).
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[14]Shinnaka S,Sagawa T.New optimal current control methods for energy efficient and wide speed-range operation of hybrid-field synchronous motor[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2007,54(5):2443-2450.
[15]Aydin M,Huang S,Lipo T A.Design,analysis,and control of a hybrid field-controlled axial-flux permanent magnet motor[J]IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2010,1(51):78-87.
[16]朱婷婷,邓智泉,王宇.并列式混合励磁磁通切换型电机及其电流矢量控制策略研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,15(32):140-147.Zhu Tingting,Deng Zhiquan,Wang Yu.Research on hybrid excited flux-switching machine and the current vector control strategy[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,15(32):140-147(in Chinese).
[17]林鹤云,黄明明,陆婋泉,等.混合励磁同步电机铜耗最小化弱磁调速控制研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(6):889-896.Lin Heyun,Huang Mingming,Lu Xiaoquan,et al.Copper loss minimization flux-weakening control for hybrd excitation synchronous motor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(6):889-896(in Chinese).
[18]Henneberger G,Hadji-Minaglou J R,Ciorba RC.Design and test of permanent magnet synchronous motor with auxiliary excitation winding for electric vehicle application[C]//European Power Electronics Chapter Symposium.Lausanne,Switzerland:IEEE,1994:645-649.
[19]Fodorean D,Djerdir A,Viorel I A,et al.A double excited synchronous machine for direct drive application-Design and prototype tests[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2007,3(22):656-665.
[20]Kefsi L,Touzani Y,Gabsi M.Hybrid excitation synchronous motor control with a new flux weakening strategy[J].2010 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.Lille,France:VPPC,2010:1-5.
[21]李哲然,李叶松,李新华.连续极永磁电机弱磁控制研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(21):124-131.Li Zheran,Li Yesong,Li Xinhua.Flux-weakening control of consequent-pole permanent magnet machine[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(21):124-131(in Chinese).
[2]Luo X,Lipo T.A synchronous/permanent magnet hybrid AC machine[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2000,15(2):203-210.
[3]Amara Y,Lucidarme J,Gabsi M,et al.A new topology of hybrid synchronous machine[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2001,5(37):1273-1278.
[4]Tapia J A,Leonardi F,Lipo T A.Consequent pole permanent magnet machine with extended fieldweakening capability[J].IEEE Transaction on Industry Applications,2003,6(39):1704-1709.
[5]王宇,邓智泉.并列式混合励磁磁通切换电机直流发电系统功率角线性控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(12):136-145.Wang Yu,Deng Zhiquan.Topology analysis and power angle linear control strategy of parallel hybrid excitation flux-switching generators for DC power systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(12):136-145(in Chinese).
[6]赵纪龙,林明耀,付兴贺,等.混合励磁同步电机及其控制技术综述和新进展[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(33):5876-5887.Zhao Jilong,Lin Mingyao,Fu Xinghe,et al.An overview and new progress of hybrid excited synchronous machines and control technologies[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(33):5876-5887(in Chinese).
[7]Hoang E,Ben-Ahmed A H,Lucidarme J.Switching flux permanent magnet poly phased synchronous machines[C]//1997 7th European Conference on Power Electronics and Application.Trondheim,Norway:EPE,1997:903-908.
[8]Hoang E,Lecrivain M,Gabsi M.A new structure of a switching flux synchronous poly phased machine with hybrid excitation[C]//2007 European Conference on Power Electronics and Application.Aalborg,Denmark:EPE,2007:1-8.
[9]Zhu Z Q,Pang Y,Howe D,et al.Analysis of electromagnetic performance of flux-switching permanent magnet machines by non-linear adaptive lumped parameter magnetic circuit model[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2005,11(41):4277-4282.
[10]Li Hao,Mingyao Lin,Xin Li,et al.A novel axial field flux-switching permanent magnet wind power generator[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2011,10(47):4457-4460.
[11]Li Hao,Mingyao Lin,Xuming Zhao,et al.Static characteristics analysis and experimental study of a novel axial field flux-switching permanent magnet generator[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2012,11(48):4212-4215.
[12]赵纪龙,林明耀,裴召刚,等.轴向磁场磁通切换永磁电机矢量控制[J].东南大学学报:自然科学版,2014:44(5):929-934.Zhao Jilong,Mingyao Lin,Pei Zhaogang,et al.Vector control of axial field flux-switching permanent magnet machine[J].Journal of Southeast University:Natural science edition,2014:44(5):929-934(in Chinese).
[13]Aydin M,Huang S,Lipo T A.A new axial flux surface mounted permanent magnet machine capable of field control[C]//IEEE IAS Annual Meeting.Pittsburgh,SA:IEEE,2002:1250-1257.
[14]Shinnaka S,Sagawa T.New optimal current control methods for energy efficient and wide speed-range operation of hybrid-field synchronous motor[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2007,54(5):2443-2450.
[15]Aydin M,Huang S,Lipo T A.Design,analysis,and control of a hybrid field-controlled axial-flux permanent magnet motor[J]IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2010,1(51):78-87.
[16]朱婷婷,邓智泉,王宇.并列式混合励磁磁通切换型电机及其电流矢量控制策略研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,15(32):140-147.Zhu Tingting,Deng Zhiquan,Wang Yu.Research on hybrid excited flux-switching machine and the current vector control strategy[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,15(32):140-147(in Chinese).
[17]林鹤云,黄明明,陆婋泉,等.混合励磁同步电机铜耗最小化弱磁调速控制研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(6):889-896.Lin Heyun,Huang Mingming,Lu Xiaoquan,et al.Copper loss minimization flux-weakening control for hybrd excitation synchronous motor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(6):889-896(in Chinese).
[18]Henneberger G,Hadji-Minaglou J R,Ciorba RC.Design and test of permanent magnet synchronous motor with auxiliary excitation winding for electric vehicle application[C]//European Power Electronics Chapter Symposium.Lausanne,Switzerland:IEEE,1994:645-649.
[19]Fodorean D,Djerdir A,Viorel I A,et al.A double excited synchronous machine for direct drive application-Design and prototype tests[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2007,3(22):656-665.
[20]Kefsi L,Touzani Y,Gabsi M.Hybrid excitation synchronous motor control with a new flux weakening strategy[J].2010 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.Lille,France:VPPC,2010:1-5.
[21]李哲然,李叶松,李新华.连续极永磁电机弱磁控制研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(21):124-131.Li Zheran,Li Yesong,Li Xinhua.Flux-weakening control of consequent-pole permanent magnet machine[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(21):124-131(in Chinese).