基于磁通切换电机的绕组开放式发电系统的建模与参数设计
|
摘要
针对分布式发电系统,采用绕组开放式拓扑可以简化电路结构,降低系统成本。通过比较不同永磁性电机的磁路特点与数学模型,选择磁通切换电机应用于绕组开放式发电系统中。该文还研究由于系统结构与控制方式而引起的输出电压存在固有脉动的产生及其抑制问题,基于系统开关平均模型搭建系统的闭环小信号模型并计算得到系统的输出阻抗。基于Middlebrook判据分析源端和负载段的阻抗匹配问题,研究不同系统参数下脉动抑制能力,提出一种快速的系统参数设计方法。最后在一台基于永磁磁通切换电机的绕组开放式发电系统样机上进行实验,验证提出方法的正确性与有效性。
For the distributed power system, open winding topology can simplify the structure and reduce the cost. By comparing the different generator's magnetic circuit and mathematical model, a permanent flux-switching generator was applied to the open winding generator system. The other focus of this paper was the generation and suppression of the system's inherent output voltage ripple. This paper established a small signal model of the system, then drew the impedance's specific analytical expressions based on the averaged switching model. This paper used Middlebrook criterion to analyze the source and load impedances' matching, the ability of ripple suppression under different system parameters. Then a fast system parameter design method was proposed. The experiments were carried out on a flux-switching generator system. The results illustrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method.
For the distributed power system, open winding topology can simplify the structure and reduce the cost. By comparing the different generator's magnetic circuit and mathematical model, a permanent flux-switching generator was applied to the open winding generator system. The other focus of this paper was the generation and suppression of the system's inherent output voltage ripple. This paper established a small signal model of the system, then drew the impedance's specific analytical expressions based on the averaged switching model. This paper used Middlebrook criterion to analyze the source and load impedances' matching, the ability of ripple suppression under different system parameters. Then a fast system parameter design method was proposed. The experiments were carried out on a flux-switching generator system. The results illustrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method.
引文
[1]Boroyevich D,Cvetkovi?I,Dong Dong,et al.Future electronic power distribution systems a contemplative view[C]//Proceedings of 2010 12th International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment(OPTIM).Basov:IEEE,2010:1369-1380.
[2]Kwak M S,Sul S K.Control of an open-winding machine in a grid-connected distributed generation system[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2008,44(4):1259-1267.
[3]魏佳丹,周波,韩楚,等.一种新型绕组开路型永磁电机起动/发电系统[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(36):86-94.Wei Jiadan,Zhou Bo,Han Chu,et al.A novel openwinding permanent magnetic starter-generator[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(36):86-94(in Chinese).
[4]宋路程,邓智泉,王宇.电枢绕组开路式混合励磁电机发电系统[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(9):1392-1403.Song Lucheng,Deng Zhiquan,Wang Yu.An openwinding hybrid excitation generator system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(9):1392-1403(in Chinese).
[5]郜羚,王宇,王子禹.基于单周期控制的三输入绕组开放式永磁发电机系统动态性能[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(S1):76-84.Gao Ling,Wang Yu,Wang Ziyu.Dynamic performance of a three input open winding generator system based on one cycle control[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(S1):76-84(in Chinese).
[6]郜羚,王宇,王子禹.基于绕组开放式电机的多输入源发电系统拓扑研究[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(S2):194-202.Gao Ling,Wang Yu,Wang Ziyu.An analysis of multiinput generation system topologies basic on open-winding generator[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(S2):194-202(in Chinese).
[7]Wang Yu,Deng Zhiquan.A controllable power distribution strategy for open winding hybrid excitation generator system[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2017,32(1):122-136.
[8]吴恒,阮新波,杨东升,等.虚拟同步发电机功率环的建模与参数设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(24):6508-6518.Wu Heng,Ruan Xinbo,Yang Dongsheng,et al.Modeling of the power loop and parameter design of virtual synchronous generators[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(24):6508-6518(in Chinese).
[9]Feng Xiaogang,Liu Jinjun,Lee F C.Impedance specifications for stable DC distributed power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2002,17(2):157-162.
[10]Abe S,Hirokawa M,Shoyama M,et al.Optimal bus capacitance design for system stability in on-board distributed power architecture[C]//Proceedings of the 13th Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference.Poznan:IEEE,2008:393-399.
[11]Cheng Ming,Hua Wei,Zhang Jianzhong,et al.Overview of stator-permanent magnet brushless machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2011,58(11):5087-5101.
[12]Zhu Z Q,Pang Y,Howe D,et al.Analysis of electromagnetic performance of flux-switching permanent-magnet Machines by nonlinear adaptive lumped parameter magnetic circuit model[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2005,41(11):4277-4287.
[13]花为,程明,Zhu Z Q,等.新型磁通切换型双凸极永磁电机的静态特性研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(13):129-134.Hua Wei,Cheng Ming,Zhu Z Q,et al.Study on static characteristics of novel flux-switching doubly-salient PM machine[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,26(13):129-134(in Chinese).
[14]贾红云,程明,花为,等.磁通切换永磁电机等效模型与控制策略分析[J].电机与控制学报,2009,13(5):631-637.Jia Hongyun,Cheng Ming,Hua Wei,et al.Equivalent model and control strategies analysis for flux-switching permanent-magnet motor[J].Electric Machines and Control,2009,13(5):631-637(in Chinese).
[15]Zhang Xin,Ruan Xinbo,Tse C K.Impedance-based local stability criterion for DC distributed power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I:Regular Papers,2015,62(3):916-925.
[16]徐德鸿.电力电子系统建模及控制[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[17]王建华.分布式电源系统中非线性子系统相互作用研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2010.Wang Jianhua.Research on interaction issues of nonlinear subsystems in distributed power system[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2010(in Chinese).
[18]Feng Xiaogang,Liu Jinjun,Lee F C.Impedance specifications for stable DC distributed power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2002,17(2):157-162.
[19]张欣,阮新波.用于提高级联型电源系统稳定性的自适应有源电容变换器[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(2):23-32.Zhang Xin,Ruan Xinbo.Adaptive active capacitor converter for improving the stability of cascaded DC power supply system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(2):23-32(in Chinese).
[20]Mao Hengchun,Boroyevich D,Lee F C Y.Novel reduced-order small-signal model of a three-phase PWM rectifier and its application in control design and system analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,1998,13(3):511-521.
[21]吴涛,阮新波.分布式供电系统中负载变换器的输入阻抗分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(12):20-25.Wu Tao,Ruan Xinbo.Input impedance analysis of load converters in the distributed power system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(12):20-25(in Chinese).
[22]Carreon-Bautista S,Eladawy A,Mohieldin A N,et al.Boost converter with dynamic input impedance matching for energy harvesting with multi-array thermoelectric generators[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(10):5345-5353.
[23]Zhang Xin,Zhong Qingchang,Ming Wenlong.Stabilization of cascaded DC/DC converters via adaptive series-virtual-impedance control of the load converter[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2016,31(9):6057-6063.
[2]Kwak M S,Sul S K.Control of an open-winding machine in a grid-connected distributed generation system[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2008,44(4):1259-1267.
[3]魏佳丹,周波,韩楚,等.一种新型绕组开路型永磁电机起动/发电系统[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(36):86-94.Wei Jiadan,Zhou Bo,Han Chu,et al.A novel openwinding permanent magnetic starter-generator[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(36):86-94(in Chinese).
[4]宋路程,邓智泉,王宇.电枢绕组开路式混合励磁电机发电系统[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(9):1392-1403.Song Lucheng,Deng Zhiquan,Wang Yu.An openwinding hybrid excitation generator system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(9):1392-1403(in Chinese).
[5]郜羚,王宇,王子禹.基于单周期控制的三输入绕组开放式永磁发电机系统动态性能[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(S1):76-84.Gao Ling,Wang Yu,Wang Ziyu.Dynamic performance of a three input open winding generator system based on one cycle control[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(S1):76-84(in Chinese).
[6]郜羚,王宇,王子禹.基于绕组开放式电机的多输入源发电系统拓扑研究[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(S2):194-202.Gao Ling,Wang Yu,Wang Ziyu.An analysis of multiinput generation system topologies basic on open-winding generator[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(S2):194-202(in Chinese).
[7]Wang Yu,Deng Zhiquan.A controllable power distribution strategy for open winding hybrid excitation generator system[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2017,32(1):122-136.
[8]吴恒,阮新波,杨东升,等.虚拟同步发电机功率环的建模与参数设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(24):6508-6518.Wu Heng,Ruan Xinbo,Yang Dongsheng,et al.Modeling of the power loop and parameter design of virtual synchronous generators[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(24):6508-6518(in Chinese).
[9]Feng Xiaogang,Liu Jinjun,Lee F C.Impedance specifications for stable DC distributed power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2002,17(2):157-162.
[10]Abe S,Hirokawa M,Shoyama M,et al.Optimal bus capacitance design for system stability in on-board distributed power architecture[C]//Proceedings of the 13th Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference.Poznan:IEEE,2008:393-399.
[11]Cheng Ming,Hua Wei,Zhang Jianzhong,et al.Overview of stator-permanent magnet brushless machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2011,58(11):5087-5101.
[12]Zhu Z Q,Pang Y,Howe D,et al.Analysis of electromagnetic performance of flux-switching permanent-magnet Machines by nonlinear adaptive lumped parameter magnetic circuit model[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2005,41(11):4277-4287.
[13]花为,程明,Zhu Z Q,等.新型磁通切换型双凸极永磁电机的静态特性研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(13):129-134.Hua Wei,Cheng Ming,Zhu Z Q,et al.Study on static characteristics of novel flux-switching doubly-salient PM machine[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,26(13):129-134(in Chinese).
[14]贾红云,程明,花为,等.磁通切换永磁电机等效模型与控制策略分析[J].电机与控制学报,2009,13(5):631-637.Jia Hongyun,Cheng Ming,Hua Wei,et al.Equivalent model and control strategies analysis for flux-switching permanent-magnet motor[J].Electric Machines and Control,2009,13(5):631-637(in Chinese).
[15]Zhang Xin,Ruan Xinbo,Tse C K.Impedance-based local stability criterion for DC distributed power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I:Regular Papers,2015,62(3):916-925.
[16]徐德鸿.电力电子系统建模及控制[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[17]王建华.分布式电源系统中非线性子系统相互作用研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2010.Wang Jianhua.Research on interaction issues of nonlinear subsystems in distributed power system[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2010(in Chinese).
[18]Feng Xiaogang,Liu Jinjun,Lee F C.Impedance specifications for stable DC distributed power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2002,17(2):157-162.
[19]张欣,阮新波.用于提高级联型电源系统稳定性的自适应有源电容变换器[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(2):23-32.Zhang Xin,Ruan Xinbo.Adaptive active capacitor converter for improving the stability of cascaded DC power supply system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(2):23-32(in Chinese).
[20]Mao Hengchun,Boroyevich D,Lee F C Y.Novel reduced-order small-signal model of a three-phase PWM rectifier and its application in control design and system analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,1998,13(3):511-521.
[21]吴涛,阮新波.分布式供电系统中负载变换器的输入阻抗分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(12):20-25.Wu Tao,Ruan Xinbo.Input impedance analysis of load converters in the distributed power system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(12):20-25(in Chinese).
[22]Carreon-Bautista S,Eladawy A,Mohieldin A N,et al.Boost converter with dynamic input impedance matching for energy harvesting with multi-array thermoelectric generators[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(10):5345-5353.
[23]Zhang Xin,Zhong Qingchang,Ming Wenlong.Stabilization of cascaded DC/DC converters via adaptive series-virtual-impedance control of the load converter[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2016,31(9):6057-6063.