多缸柴油机缸套-活塞环磨损不均匀性计算分析
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摘要
为研究多缸柴油机实车使用中各缸磨损分布状况,建立某12150型多缸柴油机缸套-活塞环磨损仿真计算模型,并进行验证。通过联合仿真计算得出:多缸柴油机各缸的缸套-活塞环磨损热力学参数(燃烧温度、燃烧压力、缸套壁温和冷却水温)和动力学参数(油膜厚度、微凸体载荷)差异显著,造成各缸套表面磨损不均匀,其中1缸磨损最为剧烈,最大磨损深度位于曲轴转角9°所对应位置,额定工况点工作400 h后磨损深度为51.22μm,其次为第5、4、3、2缸,6缸磨损最轻,其轴向最大磨损深度为39.37μm,相比1缸下降了23.14%。主要是由于1缸进气最晚且存在冷却死区,使得缸内燃烧状况最差,缸套壁面温度高、硬度低,润滑油膜薄,导致摩擦副微凸体载荷大,磨损深度最大;而6缸进气最早且冷却状况最好,综合作用使得该缸套磨损深度相对最小。因此,可确定1缸缸套上止点9°主、侧推力面磨损深度作为12150型柴油机缸内技术状况检测及磨损量计算的依据。
In order to study the each cylinder wear distribution on the using condition of the multi cylinder diesel engine,a simulation method for the wear of cylinder liner and piston ring for a 12150 type multi cylinder diesel engine was established and verified.Through the joint simulation calculation of the multi cylinder diesel engine,it is concluded that the thermodynamic parameters of cylinder liner and piston ring such as combustion temperature,combustion pressure,cylinder liner temperature and mild cooling water temperature,and he kinetic parameters such as the thickness of oil film and the load of micro convex body are significant difference from each cylinder,which leads to the uneven wear of each cylinder liner.The first cylinder has the most intense wear,following by the fifth,the fourth,the third,the second and the sixth cylinder.The maximum wear depth of the first cylinder is located at the corresponding position of the crankshaft angle of 9°,which is 51.22 μm after working at the rated operating point for 400 h.The maximum wear depth of the sixth cylinder is39.37 μm,it is decreased by 23.14% compared with that of the first cylinder.Mainly due to the latest air intake and the existence of cooling dead zone,the combustion condition in the first cylinder is the worst,the wall surface temperature of the cylinder liner is high,the hardness is low,and the lubricating oil film is thin,which leads to the largest load of the micro convex body of the friction pair and the maximum wear depth.While the sixth cylinder is on the well conditions of the early air intake and the best cooling,and the wear depth of the sixth cylinder liner is relatively minimum from the comprehensive effect.Therefore,the wear depth of the main and side thrust surfaces at the top dead-end point of the first cylinder liner could be determined as the basis for in-cylinder technical condition detection and wear calculation of the 12150 diesel engine.
In order to study the each cylinder wear distribution on the using condition of the multi cylinder diesel engine,a simulation method for the wear of cylinder liner and piston ring for a 12150 type multi cylinder diesel engine was established and verified.Through the joint simulation calculation of the multi cylinder diesel engine,it is concluded that the thermodynamic parameters of cylinder liner and piston ring such as combustion temperature,combustion pressure,cylinder liner temperature and mild cooling water temperature,and he kinetic parameters such as the thickness of oil film and the load of micro convex body are significant difference from each cylinder,which leads to the uneven wear of each cylinder liner.The first cylinder has the most intense wear,following by the fifth,the fourth,the third,the second and the sixth cylinder.The maximum wear depth of the first cylinder is located at the corresponding position of the crankshaft angle of 9°,which is 51.22 μm after working at the rated operating point for 400 h.The maximum wear depth of the sixth cylinder is39.37 μm,it is decreased by 23.14% compared with that of the first cylinder.Mainly due to the latest air intake and the existence of cooling dead zone,the combustion condition in the first cylinder is the worst,the wall surface temperature of the cylinder liner is high,the hardness is low,and the lubricating oil film is thin,which leads to the largest load of the micro convex body of the friction pair and the maximum wear depth.While the sixth cylinder is on the well conditions of the early air intake and the best cooling,and the wear depth of the sixth cylinder liner is relatively minimum from the comprehensive effect.Therefore,the wear depth of the main and side thrust surfaces at the top dead-end point of the first cylinder liner could be determined as the basis for in-cylinder technical condition detection and wear calculation of the 12150 diesel engine.
引文
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