WC–12Ni硬质涂层在模拟土壤环境中的磨料磨损行为
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摘要
采用美科LF–HVOF超音速火焰喷涂系统,对45钢表面喷涂厚约300μm的WC–12Ni硬质涂层,利用显微硬度计、X射线衍射仪和场发射扫描电镜分别表征硬质涂层的硬度、相结构和表面形貌;以65Mn弹簧钢作为对比材料,利用湿砂橡胶轮磨损试验测试涂层的磨料磨损性能。结果表明:WC–12Ni硬质涂层硬度为1 020HV0.3,碳化钨硬质颗粒的相结构为WC相与少量WC1–x相,粘结相镍为面心立方Ni相,碳化钨硬质颗粒大小为2~10μm,均匀致密,孔隙率为8%;随砂水比由3∶1降至3∶2、载荷由40 N增至110 N,WC–12Ni硬质涂层的磨损失重在53~80 mg范围波动,仅为65Mn弹簧钢磨损失重的1/14;WC–12Ni硬质涂层的磨损为粘结剂磨损导致的硬质颗粒局部剥落以及硬质颗粒的微量磨损,可延长旋耕刀具等土壤工作部件的寿命。
WC–12Ni hard coating was sprayed on the surface of 45 steel with a thickness of 300 μm by using the LF–HVOF flame spray system. The hardness, phase structure and surface morphology of the hard coatings were characterized by microhardness tester, X–ray diffractometer and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The abrasive wear performance of the hard coatings was tested by using the wet sand rubber wheel abrasion tester, as compared with the 65 Mn spring steel. The results showed that the WC–12Ni coatings is mainly composed of 2–10 μm WC hard particles and face centered cubic bonded phase Ni with the hardness of 1020 HV0.3 and the porosity of 8%. With the decrease of sand to water ratio from 3∶1 to 3∶2 and load from 110 N to 40 N, the weight loss of WC–12Ni hard coating changed in the range of 53–80 mg, which was only one fourteenths of the weight loss of 65 Mn spring steel. The wear mechanism of hard coatings is adhesive wear caused by local spalling and micro wear of hard particles, which could increase the working life of soil working components such as rotary blades.
WC–12Ni hard coating was sprayed on the surface of 45 steel with a thickness of 300 μm by using the LF–HVOF flame spray system. The hardness, phase structure and surface morphology of the hard coatings were characterized by microhardness tester, X–ray diffractometer and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The abrasive wear performance of the hard coatings was tested by using the wet sand rubber wheel abrasion tester, as compared with the 65 Mn spring steel. The results showed that the WC–12Ni coatings is mainly composed of 2–10 μm WC hard particles and face centered cubic bonded phase Ni with the hardness of 1020 HV0.3 and the porosity of 8%. With the decrease of sand to water ratio from 3∶1 to 3∶2 and load from 110 N to 40 N, the weight loss of WC–12Ni hard coating changed in the range of 53–80 mg, which was only one fourteenths of the weight loss of 65 Mn spring steel. The wear mechanism of hard coatings is adhesive wear caused by local spalling and micro wear of hard particles, which could increase the working life of soil working components such as rotary blades.
引文
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[16]ASTM G105—02 Standard test method for conducting wet sand/rubber wheel tests[S].
[2]任述光,吴明亮,官春云,等.油菜免耕直播联合播种机抛土性能研究[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2013,39(5):543–548.
[3]FINDIK F.Latest progress on tribological properties of industrial materials[J].Materials and Design,2014,57(5):218–244.
[4]吴志立,李玉阁,吴彼,等.高功率调制脉冲磁控溅射沉积Ti Al Si N纳米复合涂层结构调控与性能研究[J].无机材料学报,2015,30(12):1254–1260.
[5]吴志立,朱小鹏,雷明凯.高功率脉冲磁控溅射沉积原理与工艺研究进展[J].中国表面工程,2012,25(5):15–20.
[6]HAQUE T,ERTAS D,OZEKCIN A,et al.The role of abrasive particle size on the wear of diamond–like carbon coatings[J].Wear,2013,302(1/2):882–889.
[7]王群,屈帮荣,唐瞾瞾,等.超音速火焰喷涂碳化钨–钴涂层磨粒磨损行为[J].中国有色金属学报,2015,25(7):1920–1928.
[8]乔新义,吕玉芬,汪瑞军.热喷涂技术在农机工程材料延寿中的应用现状[J].热喷涂技术,2013,5(4):1–5.
[9]JANKAUSKAS V,ANTONOV M,VARNAUSKAS V,et al.Effect of WC grain size and content on low stress abrasive wear of manual arc welded hardfacings with low–carbon or stainless steel matrix[J].Wear,2015,328/329(1):378–390.
[10]KANG A S,CHEEMA GS,SINGLA S.Wear behavior of hardfacings on rotary tiller blades[J].Procedia Engi–neering,2014,97:1442–1451.
[11]KAROONBOONYANAN S,SALOKHE V M,NIRANATLUMPONG P.Wear resistance of thermally sprayed rotary tiller blade[J].Wear,2007,263(1):604–608.
[12]马跃进,郝建军,申玉增,等.根茬粉碎还田机灭茬甩刀喷焊Ni WC工艺优化[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(2):92–94.
[13]吴志立,赵建杰,吴明亮,等.农机土壤工作部件耐磨强化研究进展[J].中国农机化学报,2016,37(8):256–264.
[14]苏彬彬,徐杨,简建明.农业机械耐磨件发展及研究现状[J].热处理技术与装备,2013,34(5):53–58.
[15]DU P C,ZHU X P,MENG Y,et al.Water–lubricated tribological behavior of WC–Ni coatings deposited by off–angle HVOF spraying[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2017,309(2):663–670.
[16]ASTM G105—02 Standard test method for conducting wet sand/rubber wheel tests[S].