沈阳铁西区社区弹性特征与成因分析
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摘要
基于问卷数据,运用统计分析、地理探测器,分析沈阳铁西区不同社区弹性差异、影响因素及其成因。研究发现:(1)商品房社区社会弹性、制度弹性、社区资本分值高于单位社区;单位社区的经济弹性、物质弹性分值高于商品房社区。(2)物质弹性、制度弹性对社区资本影响作用较为显著,社会弹性、经济弹性影响作用较小。(3)从制度转型、地方政府、经济发展、社区服务和社会与个人5方面探讨了沈阳铁西区社区弹性成因。沈阳铁西区在搬迁改造、产业转型等冲击下,城市更新过程表现出较强的适应能力和较弱的学习能力,这是社会弹性、经济弹性、制度弹性、物质弹性共同作用的结果。
Based on statistical analysis and geographical detector from primary data, this article analyzes the differential community resilience and influential factors and causing reasons in Shenyang Tiexi District. The results indicate that: 1) The respective score of social resilience, institutional resilience and community capital in commercial-house community are higher than those in unit residential community. While the score of economic resilience and physical resilience in commercial-house community is lower than unit residential community's.2) Physical resilience and institutional resilience, rather than social resilience and economic resilience, exert a significant effect on community resilience. 3) The comprehensive causing reason of community resilience, contained institutional transformation, local government, economic development, community service, social and individual factors, is put forward. Under the impact of transformation of the relocation, industrial transformation etc, stronger adaptability and weaker learning ability are reflected in the urban regeneration, which is the comprehensive result of social resilience, economic resilience, institutional resilience and physical resilience.
Based on statistical analysis and geographical detector from primary data, this article analyzes the differential community resilience and influential factors and causing reasons in Shenyang Tiexi District. The results indicate that: 1) The respective score of social resilience, institutional resilience and community capital in commercial-house community are higher than those in unit residential community. While the score of economic resilience and physical resilience in commercial-house community is lower than unit residential community's.2) Physical resilience and institutional resilience, rather than social resilience and economic resilience, exert a significant effect on community resilience. 3) The comprehensive causing reason of community resilience, contained institutional transformation, local government, economic development, community service, social and individual factors, is put forward. Under the impact of transformation of the relocation, industrial transformation etc, stronger adaptability and weaker learning ability are reflected in the urban regeneration, which is the comprehensive result of social resilience, economic resilience, institutional resilience and physical resilience.
引文
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[25]张平宇.沈阳铁西工业区改造的制度与文化因素[J].人文地理,2006,16(2):45-49.[Zhang Pingyu.Institutional and cultural factors for the reconstruction of Shenyang Tiexi industrial zone.Human Geography,2006,16(2):45-49.]
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[27]王美玲,邴龙飞,郗凤明,等.老工业搬迁区土地利用变化时空特征及其驱动力--以沈阳市铁西老工业区为例[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(7):1969-1976.[Wang Meiling,Bing Longfei,Xi Fengming et al.Spatio-temporal patterns and driving forces of land use change in industrial relocation area:A case study of old industrial area in Tiexi of Shenyang,Northeast China.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2013,24(7):1969-1976]
[28]杨永春,宋美娜,史坤博,等.渐进制度变迁模式下中国城市转型测度的空间分异[J].地理科学,2016,36(10):1466-1473.[Yang Yongchun,Song Meina,Shi Kunbo et al.The spatial differentiation of urban transition in China with the model of gradual institutional changes.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2016,36(10):1466-1473.]
[29]杜志威,吕拉昌,黄茹.中国地级以上城市工业创新效率空间格局研究[J].地理科学,2016,36(3):321-327.[Du Zhiwei,Lyu Lachang,Huang Ru.Spatial pattern of industrial innovation efficiency for Chinese Cities at prefecture level and above.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2016,36(3):321-327.]
[2]杨佩国,靳京,赵东升,等.基于历史暴雨洪涝灾情数据的城市脆弱性定量研究--以北京市为例[J].地理科学,2016,36(5):733-741.[Yang Peiguo,Jin Jing,Zhao Dongsheng et al.An urban vulnerability study based on historical flood data:A case study of Beijing.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2016,36(5):733-741.]
[3]Wilson G A.Community resilience,globalization,and transitional pathways of decision-making[J].Geoforum,2012,43(6):1218-1231.
[4]Simin Davoudi.Resilience:A bridging concept or a dead end?[J].Planning Theory&Practice,2012,13(2):299-307.
[5]Adger W N.Social and ecological resilience:are they related?[J].Progress in human geography,2000,24(3):347-364.
[6]Norris F H,Stevens S P,Pfefferbaum B et al.Community resilience as a metaphor,theory,set of capacities and strategy for disaster readiness[J].American Journal of Community Psychology,2008,41:127-150.
[7]郭永锐,张捷.社区恢复力研究进展及其地理学研究议题[J].地理科学进展,2015,34(1):100-109.[Guo Yongrui,Zhang Jie.Research progress and themes of geography on community resilience.Progress in Geography,2015,34(1):100-109.]
[8]Mileti D,Noji E.Disasters by design:A reassessment of natural hazards in the united states[M].Washington D C:Joseph Henry Press,1999.
[9]Magis K.Community resilience:An indicator of social sustainability[J].Society and Natural Resources,2010,33(5):401-416.
[10]Cutter S L,Burton C G,Emrich C T.Disaster resilience indicators for benchmarking baseline conditions[J].Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management,2010,7(1):1-22.
[11]Bruneau M,S E Chang,R T Eguchi et al.A framework to quantitatively assess and enhance the seismic resilience of communities[J].Earthquake Spectra 2003,19(4):733-752.
[12]Marshall N A,Marshall P A.Conceptualizing and operationalizing social resilience within commercial fisheries in northern Australia[J].Ecology and Society,2007,12(1):1.
[13]Folke C,Hahn T,Olsson P et al.Adaptive governance of socialecological systems[J].Annual Review of Environmental Resources,2005,30:441-473.
[14]Plummer R,Armitage D.A resilience based framework for evaluating adaptive co-management:Linking ecology,economics and society in a complex world[J].Ecological Economics,2007,61(1):62-74.
[15]Kulig J C,Edge D S,Townshend I et al.Community resiliency:Emerging theoretical insights[J].Journal of Community Psychology,2013,41(6):758-775.
[16]Cohen O,Leykin D,Lahad M et al.The conjoint community resiliency assessment measure as a baseline for profiling and predicting community resilience for emergencies[J].Technological Forecasting and Social Change,2013,80(9):1732-1741.
[17]Maldonado J H,Moreno R P.Estimating the adaptive capacity of local communities at marine protected areas in Latin America:A practical approach[J].Ecology and Society,2014,19(1):16.
[18]Matarritacascante D,Trejos B.Community resilience in resource-dependent communities:Acomparative case study[J].Environment&Planning A,2013,45(6):1387-1402.
[19]Holladay P J,Powell R B.Resident perceptions of social-ecological resilience and the sustainability of community-Based tourism development in the commonwealth of Dominica[J].Journal of Sustainable Tourism,2013,21(8):1188-1211
[20]Wilson G A.Community resilience:Path dependency,lock-in effects and transitional ruptures[J].Journal of Environmental Planning and Management,2013,57(1):1-26.
[21]蔡建明,郭华,汪德根.国外弹性城市研究述评[J].地理科学进展,2012,31(10):1245-1255.[Cai Jianming,Guo Hua,Wang Degen.Review on the resilient city research overseas.Progress in Geography,2012,31(10):1245-1255.]
[22]彭翀,袁敏航,顾朝林,等.区域弹性的理论与实践研究进展[J].城市规划学刊,2015(1):84-92.[Peng Chong,Yuan Minhang,Gu Chaolin et al.Research progress on the theory and practice of regional resilience.Urban Planning Forum,2015(1):84-92.]
[23]Frederic Leriche,Sylvie Daviet.Cultural economy:An opportunity to boost employment and regional development[J].Regional Studies,2010,44(7):807-811.
[24]蔡海燕.老工业区结构转型中的空间规划研究[D].上海:同济大学,2007.[Cai Haiyan.The research of old industrial areas'spatial planning in structural transition.Shanghai:The dissertation for Master Degree of Tongji University,2007.]
[25]张平宇.沈阳铁西工业区改造的制度与文化因素[J].人文地理,2006,16(2):45-49.[Zhang Pingyu.Institutional and cultural factors for the reconstruction of Shenyang Tiexi industrial zone.Human Geography,2006,16(2):45-49.]
[26]Wang J F,Li X H,Christakos G et al.Geographical detectorsbased health risk assessment and its application in the neural tube defects study of the Heshun region,China[J].International Journal of Geographical Information Science,2010,24(1):107-127.
[27]王美玲,邴龙飞,郗凤明,等.老工业搬迁区土地利用变化时空特征及其驱动力--以沈阳市铁西老工业区为例[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(7):1969-1976.[Wang Meiling,Bing Longfei,Xi Fengming et al.Spatio-temporal patterns and driving forces of land use change in industrial relocation area:A case study of old industrial area in Tiexi of Shenyang,Northeast China.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2013,24(7):1969-1976]
[28]杨永春,宋美娜,史坤博,等.渐进制度变迁模式下中国城市转型测度的空间分异[J].地理科学,2016,36(10):1466-1473.[Yang Yongchun,Song Meina,Shi Kunbo et al.The spatial differentiation of urban transition in China with the model of gradual institutional changes.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2016,36(10):1466-1473.]
[29]杜志威,吕拉昌,黄茹.中国地级以上城市工业创新效率空间格局研究[J].地理科学,2016,36(3):321-327.[Du Zhiwei,Lyu Lachang,Huang Ru.Spatial pattern of industrial innovation efficiency for Chinese Cities at prefecture level and above.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2016,36(3):321-327.]