社会影响力债券:一种新的精准扶贫工具
|
摘要
作为一种以实现社会成果为前提的新型合同,社会影响力债券能够吸引私人投资和社会参与,为我国精准扶贫工作提供了新的思路和解决方案。在引介社会影响力债券基本原理的基础上,指出社会影响力债券与精准扶贫之间在社会需求、资金投入和政府支持方面存在的契合性,从公私合作和央地合作角度分析了精准扶贫运用社会影响力债券工具的4种模式,并结合国内首单扶贫社会影响力债券案例,分析政府在精准扶贫工作中社会影响力债券应该注意的问题。
As a new type of contract on the premise of realizing social achievements, social impact bonds can attract private investment and social participation,which provides new ideas and solutions for China 's targeted poverty alleviation. On the basis of introducing the basic principles of social impact bonds,this paper points out the agreement between social impact bonds and targeted poverty alleviation in the aspects of social demand,capital investment and government support. From the perspective of public and private cooperation and the cooperation of central and local areas,the four modes of the use of social impact bond tools in targeted poverty alleviation are analyzed. Based on the case study of the poverty alleviation social impact bond in China, the paper analyzes the problems and points out that the government should pay attention to in the targeted poverty alleviation.
As a new type of contract on the premise of realizing social achievements, social impact bonds can attract private investment and social participation,which provides new ideas and solutions for China 's targeted poverty alleviation. On the basis of introducing the basic principles of social impact bonds,this paper points out the agreement between social impact bonds and targeted poverty alleviation in the aspects of social demand,capital investment and government support. From the perspective of public and private cooperation and the cooperation of central and local areas,the four modes of the use of social impact bond tools in targeted poverty alleviation are analyzed. Based on the case study of the poverty alleviation social impact bond in China, the paper analyzes the problems and points out that the government should pay attention to in the targeted poverty alleviation.
引文
[1]左停,杨雨鑫,钟玲.精准扶贫:技术靶向、理论解析和现实挑战[J].贵州社会科学,2015(8):156-162.
[2]欧阳煌,李思,祝鹏飞.关于新时期财政扶贫治理困境及破解的思考[J].财政研究,2015(12):90-93.
[3]赵环,陈雯雯.政府购买社会服务的社会投资回报率分析[J].浙江工商大学学报,2017(1):114-121.
[4]廉超.PPP模式助推精准扶贫、精准脱贫[J].贵州社会科学,2017(1):152-157.
[5]张童朝,颜廷武,何可,等.基于市场参与维度的多维贫困测量研究——以连片特困地区为例[J].中南财经政法大学学报,2016(3):38-45.
[6]STRICKLAND P. Social impact bonds-the pilot at peterborough prison. house of commons library briefing[R].London:HMSO,2011.
[7]FOROOGHNAZARICHAMAKI. What is social impact bond? How to implement it? How to evaluate and monitor it?[D]. Famagusta:Easetern Mediterranean University,2015.
[8]LIEBMAN J B. Social impact bonds:a promising new financing model to accelerate social innovation and improve government performance[R]. Washington DC:Center for American Progress,2011.
[9]叶静.近三年关于精准扶贫思想及实践的研究综述[J].福州省委党校学报,2016(3):56-59.
[10]新华网.精准,在习近平的扶贫观里有多重要?[EB/OL].(2015-12-08). http://www. xinhuanet. com/politics/2015-12/08/c_128510390.htm.
[11]张衡.财政扶贫资金贡献巨大[N].中国财经报,2017-03-14(003).
[12]皖财.安徽:各类扶贫资金捆绑使用[N].中国财经报,2016-04-19.
[13]MULGAN G,REEDER N,AYLOYTT M,et al. Social impact investment:the opportunity and challenge of social impact bonds[R]. London:The Young Foundation,2010.
[14]EMMA D,DISIEY E,RUBIN J,et al. Lessons learned from the planning and early implementation of the social impact bond at HMP peterborough[R]. California:Rand Corporations,2011.
[15]LODER J,MULGAN G,REEDER N,et al. Financing social value:implementing social impact bonds[R].London:the Young Foundation,2010.
[16]曹堂哲,陈语.社会影响力债券:城市治理的新工具[N].中国城市报,2017-04-10(27).
[17]UK’s Presidency of the G8. Impact investment:the invisible heart of markets[R].Report of the Social Impact Investment Taskforce,2014.
(1)该合同约定如果该计划对3组1 000名囚犯中的任何一组的重新犯罪减少了10%,或者在全部3000名囚犯中减少了7.5%,英国司法部将每年最低支付2.5%的金额。在社会影响力债券下,第一组1 000名囚犯的干预结果是累犯减少了8.4%。尽管与最低门槛的差距不是很大,但也取得了积极的结果,第一支社会影响力债券被视为取得成功。
(2)这里尽管使用了债券一词,但严格来说并不精确,因为合同里通常没有承诺保本支付。
(3)资料来源:http://socialfinance.org/
(1)每个村扶持发展1个扶贫就业点(125个重点贫困村每村新建1个就业点)、1个光伏电站(全县新建20个村级光伏电站,总建设规模28.8 MWP,覆盖1.2万户、2.1万人贫困人口)、1个特色产业项目(推广4个国家地理产品种植,发展340 hm2高标准蔬菜大棚)、1 个孝心养老基金(为529个村民大组70岁以上老人提供养老孝心基金补贴)、1个公共服务项目包(实现重点贫困村卫生室、幼儿教育等基础设施全覆盖)和1个扶贫理事会(为重点扶贫村购置办公桌椅等固定资产、支付理事会安排贫困户临时劳动的报酬),实现贫困村集体收入每年不低于10万元,贫困群众长期受益,稳定脱贫的目标。据测算,沂南扶贫攻坚的“六个一”工程大约需要资金6.37亿元。
[2]欧阳煌,李思,祝鹏飞.关于新时期财政扶贫治理困境及破解的思考[J].财政研究,2015(12):90-93.
[3]赵环,陈雯雯.政府购买社会服务的社会投资回报率分析[J].浙江工商大学学报,2017(1):114-121.
[4]廉超.PPP模式助推精准扶贫、精准脱贫[J].贵州社会科学,2017(1):152-157.
[5]张童朝,颜廷武,何可,等.基于市场参与维度的多维贫困测量研究——以连片特困地区为例[J].中南财经政法大学学报,2016(3):38-45.
[6]STRICKLAND P. Social impact bonds-the pilot at peterborough prison. house of commons library briefing[R].London:HMSO,2011.
[7]FOROOGHNAZARICHAMAKI. What is social impact bond? How to implement it? How to evaluate and monitor it?[D]. Famagusta:Easetern Mediterranean University,2015.
[8]LIEBMAN J B. Social impact bonds:a promising new financing model to accelerate social innovation and improve government performance[R]. Washington DC:Center for American Progress,2011.
[9]叶静.近三年关于精准扶贫思想及实践的研究综述[J].福州省委党校学报,2016(3):56-59.
[10]新华网.精准,在习近平的扶贫观里有多重要?[EB/OL].(2015-12-08). http://www. xinhuanet. com/politics/2015-12/08/c_128510390.htm.
[11]张衡.财政扶贫资金贡献巨大[N].中国财经报,2017-03-14(003).
[12]皖财.安徽:各类扶贫资金捆绑使用[N].中国财经报,2016-04-19.
[13]MULGAN G,REEDER N,AYLOYTT M,et al. Social impact investment:the opportunity and challenge of social impact bonds[R]. London:The Young Foundation,2010.
[14]EMMA D,DISIEY E,RUBIN J,et al. Lessons learned from the planning and early implementation of the social impact bond at HMP peterborough[R]. California:Rand Corporations,2011.
[15]LODER J,MULGAN G,REEDER N,et al. Financing social value:implementing social impact bonds[R].London:the Young Foundation,2010.
[16]曹堂哲,陈语.社会影响力债券:城市治理的新工具[N].中国城市报,2017-04-10(27).
[17]UK’s Presidency of the G8. Impact investment:the invisible heart of markets[R].Report of the Social Impact Investment Taskforce,2014.
(1)该合同约定如果该计划对3组1 000名囚犯中的任何一组的重新犯罪减少了10%,或者在全部3000名囚犯中减少了7.5%,英国司法部将每年最低支付2.5%的金额。在社会影响力债券下,第一组1 000名囚犯的干预结果是累犯减少了8.4%。尽管与最低门槛的差距不是很大,但也取得了积极的结果,第一支社会影响力债券被视为取得成功。
(2)这里尽管使用了债券一词,但严格来说并不精确,因为合同里通常没有承诺保本支付。
(3)资料来源:http://socialfinance.org/
(1)每个村扶持发展1个扶贫就业点(125个重点贫困村每村新建1个就业点)、1个光伏电站(全县新建20个村级光伏电站,总建设规模28.8 MWP,覆盖1.2万户、2.1万人贫困人口)、1个特色产业项目(推广4个国家地理产品种植,发展340 hm2高标准蔬菜大棚)、1 个孝心养老基金(为529个村民大组70岁以上老人提供养老孝心基金补贴)、1个公共服务项目包(实现重点贫困村卫生室、幼儿教育等基础设施全覆盖)和1个扶贫理事会(为重点扶贫村购置办公桌椅等固定资产、支付理事会安排贫困户临时劳动的报酬),实现贫困村集体收入每年不低于10万元,贫困群众长期受益,稳定脱贫的目标。据测算,沂南扶贫攻坚的“六个一”工程大约需要资金6.37亿元。