如何看待研究成果社会影响力评价?—英国高等教育机构科研水平评估框架概览
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摘要
在全球化和知识经济社会的背景下,科学社会影响力及其评价逐渐成为热门词汇。本文基于英国的全国高等教育机构科研水平评估框架—研究卓越框架(Research Excellence Framework, REF)实践,围绕四个问题反思REF研究成果影响力评估实践:为何要做?如何做?做得怎么样?对中国有什么启示?同时为中国未来开展研究成果影响力评价实践,以及相关政策和办法的出台提供启示与建议。
Against the background of globalization and knowledge-based economy society, social impact of science and its evaluation have gradually become a hot topic. How to identify and understand social impact of science and how to properly evaluate it are well worth being studied by all researchers and science policy makers. This paper aims to review and re-assess the practice of the first nationwide evaluation of social impact of science – the Research Excellence Framework(REF) in the United Kingdom along the following four questions: "Why should we do it? How to do it? How is it carried out? What are the implications for China?" It is our hope to provide inspirations and suggestions for China to carry out evaluation of social impact of science in the future, as well as to contribute to relevant policy-makings.
Against the background of globalization and knowledge-based economy society, social impact of science and its evaluation have gradually become a hot topic. How to identify and understand social impact of science and how to properly evaluate it are well worth being studied by all researchers and science policy makers. This paper aims to review and re-assess the practice of the first nationwide evaluation of social impact of science – the Research Excellence Framework(REF) in the United Kingdom along the following four questions: "Why should we do it? How to do it? How is it carried out? What are the implications for China?" It is our hope to provide inspirations and suggestions for China to carry out evaluation of social impact of science in the future, as well as to contribute to relevant policy-makings.
引文
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[2]Drucker,P.Post-Capitalist Society.Oxford:Butterworth Heinemann,1993.
[3]Australian Research Council.Australian Research Council Corporate Plan2015-16 to 2018-19.Canberra:Commonwealth of Australia,2015.
[4]VSNU,KNAW,NWO.Standard Evaluation Protocol 2015-2021:Protocol for Research Assessment in The Netherlands.Utrecht/den Haag/Amsterdam:VSNU,NWO and KNAW,2014.
[5]HEFCE,SFC,and DELNI HEFCW.Decisions on Assessing Research Impact,REF01.2011.HEFCE,Bristol Google Scholar,2011.
[6]Bacon,F.,1620.In:Urbach,P.,Gibson,J.(Translators,Eds.),Novum Organum.Chicago,Open Court Publishing Co,1994.
[7]The Chacellor of the Duchy of Lancaster.Releasing Our Potential-A Strategy for Science,Engineering and Technology.http://www.official-documents.gov.uk/ document/cm22/2250/2250.pdf.[2018-10-10].
[8]Kearnes,M.and Wienroth,M.Tools of the Trade:UK Research Intermediaries and the Politics of Impacts.Minerva,2011,49(2):153-174.
[9]Morgan Jones M,Grant J.Making the Grade:Methodologies for Assessing and Evidencing Research Impact.https://www.exeter.ac.uk/media/universityofexeter/research/ourresearchexcellence/describeproject/pdfs/2013_06_04_7_Essays_on_Im pact_FINAL.pdf.[2018-10-10].
[10]Technopolis.REF Research Impact Pilot Exercise Lessons-learned Project:Feedback on Pilot Submissions(Final Report).https://www.ref.ac.uk/2014/media/ref/content/pub/refresearchimpactpilotexerciselessons-learnedprojectfeedbackonpilotsubmissions/re02_10.pdf.[2018-10-11].
[11]Research Excellence Framework(REF 2014).Assessment Framework and Guidance on Submission,2012.https://www.ref.ac.uk/2014/media/ref/content/pub/assessment framework and guidance on submissions/GOS%20including%20addendum.pdf.[2018-10-11].
[12]Manville C,Jones M M,Frearson M,et al.Preparing Impact Submissions for REF2014:An Evaluation:Findings and Observations.http://www.ucml.soton.ac.uk/sites/default/files/pages/131/UCML%20Plenary%20July%202015%20-%20REF_impact_prep_process-findings.pdf.[2018-10-11].
[13]King’s College London and Digital Science.The Nature,Scale and Beneficiaries of Research Impact-An initial Analysis of Research Excellence Framework 2014impact case studies,Research report.https://www.kcl.ac.uk/sspp/policy-institute/publications/analysis-of-ref-impact.pdf.[2018-10-11].
[14]Stern N.Building on Success and Learning from Experience:an Independent Review of the Research Excellence Framework.https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/541338/ind-16-9-ref-sternreview.pdf.[2018-10-11].
[15]Stand Up for Research of University and College Union.http://www.ucu.org.uk/events.[2018-10-12].
(1)兰德欧洲是一家非营利性的政策研究机构,通过研究和分析来提升政策和决策水平。
[2]Drucker,P.Post-Capitalist Society.Oxford:Butterworth Heinemann,1993.
[3]Australian Research Council.Australian Research Council Corporate Plan2015-16 to 2018-19.Canberra:Commonwealth of Australia,2015.
[4]VSNU,KNAW,NWO.Standard Evaluation Protocol 2015-2021:Protocol for Research Assessment in The Netherlands.Utrecht/den Haag/Amsterdam:VSNU,NWO and KNAW,2014.
[5]HEFCE,SFC,and DELNI HEFCW.Decisions on Assessing Research Impact,REF01.2011.HEFCE,Bristol Google Scholar,2011.
[6]Bacon,F.,1620.In:Urbach,P.,Gibson,J.(Translators,Eds.),Novum Organum.Chicago,Open Court Publishing Co,1994.
[7]The Chacellor of the Duchy of Lancaster.Releasing Our Potential-A Strategy for Science,Engineering and Technology.http://www.official-documents.gov.uk/ document/cm22/2250/2250.pdf.[2018-10-10].
[8]Kearnes,M.and Wienroth,M.Tools of the Trade:UK Research Intermediaries and the Politics of Impacts.Minerva,2011,49(2):153-174.
[9]Morgan Jones M,Grant J.Making the Grade:Methodologies for Assessing and Evidencing Research Impact.https://www.exeter.ac.uk/media/universityofexeter/research/ourresearchexcellence/describeproject/pdfs/2013_06_04_7_Essays_on_Im pact_FINAL.pdf.[2018-10-10].
[10]Technopolis.REF Research Impact Pilot Exercise Lessons-learned Project:Feedback on Pilot Submissions(Final Report).https://www.ref.ac.uk/2014/media/ref/content/pub/refresearchimpactpilotexerciselessons-learnedprojectfeedbackonpilotsubmissions/re02_10.pdf.[2018-10-11].
[11]Research Excellence Framework(REF 2014).Assessment Framework and Guidance on Submission,2012.https://www.ref.ac.uk/2014/media/ref/content/pub/assessment framework and guidance on submissions/GOS%20including%20addendum.pdf.[2018-10-11].
[12]Manville C,Jones M M,Frearson M,et al.Preparing Impact Submissions for REF2014:An Evaluation:Findings and Observations.http://www.ucml.soton.ac.uk/sites/default/files/pages/131/UCML%20Plenary%20July%202015%20-%20REF_impact_prep_process-findings.pdf.[2018-10-11].
[13]King’s College London and Digital Science.The Nature,Scale and Beneficiaries of Research Impact-An initial Analysis of Research Excellence Framework 2014impact case studies,Research report.https://www.kcl.ac.uk/sspp/policy-institute/publications/analysis-of-ref-impact.pdf.[2018-10-11].
[14]Stern N.Building on Success and Learning from Experience:an Independent Review of the Research Excellence Framework.https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/541338/ind-16-9-ref-sternreview.pdf.[2018-10-11].
[15]Stand Up for Research of University and College Union.http://www.ucu.org.uk/events.[2018-10-12].
(1)兰德欧洲是一家非营利性的政策研究机构,通过研究和分析来提升政策和决策水平。