土地流转对农户贫困脆弱性的影响研究
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摘要
研究目的:探究土地流转对农户贫困脆弱性的影响,为防范农户陷入贫困和解决农村贫困提供理论和实证依据。研究方法:本文借助2016年湖北省1682个农户实地调查数据,基于倾向得分匹配法(PSM)和回归方程的Shapley值分解法,分别考察国定贫困线、1.9美元贫困线和3.1美元贫困线下不同类型土地有无转出和转出面积对农户贫困脆弱性的影响。研究结果:土地转出能够显著降低农户的贫困脆弱性,且农户贫困脆弱性随着转出土地面积的增加而降低;从土地转出的异质性来看,水田转出对缓解农户贫困脆弱性的效果更为明显,旱地转出的效果次之。研究结论:应进一步加快农村土地流转,释放农村剩余劳动力,不断增加农户收入,从而降低农户贫困脆弱性。
The purpose of the study is to explore the impact of land transfer on the poverty vulnerability of farmers, and to provide theoretical and empirical evidence for preventing farmers from poverty and solving rural poverty. Using the field survey data of 1 682 farmers in Hubei Province in 2016, the propensity score matching method(PSM) and the Shapley value decomposition method of the regression equation were used to explore the impact of land transfer and transfer areas on the poverty vulnerability of farmers under the national poverty line, the $1.9 poverty line and the $3.1 poverty line.The results show that land transfer can significantly reduce the poverty vulnerability of farmers, and the poverty vulnerability of farmers decreases with the increase in the area of transferred land. From the perspective of the heterogeneity of land transfer, the effect of transferring paddy fields to reduce the poverty vulnerability of farmers is even greater, and the effect of transferring dry land is even smaller. In conclusion, the rural land transfer should be further accelerated, the rural excessive labor force should be released, and the income of farmers should be continuously increased, thereby reducing the poverty vulnerability of farmers.
The purpose of the study is to explore the impact of land transfer on the poverty vulnerability of farmers, and to provide theoretical and empirical evidence for preventing farmers from poverty and solving rural poverty. Using the field survey data of 1 682 farmers in Hubei Province in 2016, the propensity score matching method(PSM) and the Shapley value decomposition method of the regression equation were used to explore the impact of land transfer and transfer areas on the poverty vulnerability of farmers under the national poverty line, the $1.9 poverty line and the $3.1 poverty line.The results show that land transfer can significantly reduce the poverty vulnerability of farmers, and the poverty vulnerability of farmers decreases with the increase in the area of transferred land. From the perspective of the heterogeneity of land transfer, the effect of transferring paddy fields to reduce the poverty vulnerability of farmers is even greater, and the effect of transferring dry land is even smaller. In conclusion, the rural land transfer should be further accelerated, the rural excessive labor force should be released, and the income of farmers should be continuously increased, thereby reducing the poverty vulnerability of farmers.
引文
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[4]胡特,彭开丽,唐睿,等.农户脆弱性研究综述及其在土地利用变化中的理论分析构架[J].中国土地科学,2016,30(11):50-60.
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[11]赵春雨.贫困地区土地流转与扶贫中集体经济组织发展——山西省余化乡扶贫实践探索[J].农业经济问题,2017,38(8):11-16.
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[14]宁静,殷浩栋,汪三贵.土地确权是否具有益贫性?——基于贫困地区调查数据的实证分析[J].农业经济问题,2018(9):118-127.
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[16]万广华,章元,史清华.如何更准确地预测贫困脆弱性:基于中国农户面板数据的比较研究[J].农业技术经济,2011(9):13-23.
[17]CHAUDHURI S. Assessing vulnerability to poverty:concepts, empirical methods and illustrative examples[M].New York:Columbia University, 2003:2-3.
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[20]王琳.家庭适度规模经营的农业现代化实现机理——基于苏南J村的经验考察[J].中共福建省委党校学报,2019(1):93-101.
[2]杜鹰.小农生产与农业现代化[J].中国农村经济,2018(10):2-6.
[3]林乐芬,王军.转型和发展中国家农地产权改革及其市场效应评述[J].经济学动态,2010(12):121-125.
[4]胡特,彭开丽,唐睿,等.农户脆弱性研究综述及其在土地利用变化中的理论分析构架[J].中国土地科学,2016,30(11):50-60.
[5]ZHANG Y, WAN G. How precisely can we estimate vulnerability to poverty?[J]. Oxford Development Studies, 2009, 37(3):277-287.
[6]JIN S, DEININGER K. Land rental markets in the process of rural structural transformation:productivity and equity impacts from China[J]. Journal of Comparative Economics,2009, 37(4):629-646.
[7]匡远配,周丽.农地流转与农村减贫——基于湖南省贫困地区的检验[J].农业技术经济,2018(7):64-70.
[8]KIMURA S, OTSUKA K, SONOBE T, et al. Efficiency of land allocation through tenancy markets:evidence from China[J]. Economic Development&Cultural Change, 2011,59(3):485-510.
[9]诸培新,张建,张志林.农地流转对农户收入影响研究——对政府主导与农户主导型农地流转的比较分析[J].中国土地科学,2015,29(11):70-77.
[10]钱忠好,王兴稳.农地流转何以促进农户收入增加——基于苏、桂、鄂、黑四省(区)农户调查数据的实证分析[J].中国农村经济,2016(10):39-50.
[11]赵春雨.贫困地区土地流转与扶贫中集体经济组织发展——山西省余化乡扶贫实践探索[J].农业经济问题,2017,38(8):11-16.
[12]夏玉莲,匡远配.农地流转的多维减贫效应分析——基于5省1218户农户的调查数据[J].中国农村经济,2017(9):44-61.
[13]蔡洁.贫困地区农户农地转出行为及其减贫效应研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2018:56.
[14]宁静,殷浩栋,汪三贵.土地确权是否具有益贫性?——基于贫困地区调查数据的实证分析[J].农业经济问题,2018(9):118-127.
[15]LIGON E, SCHECHTER L. Measuring vulnerability[J]. The Economic Journal, 2003, 113(486):95-102.
[16]万广华,章元,史清华.如何更准确地预测贫困脆弱性:基于中国农户面板数据的比较研究[J].农业技术经济,2011(9):13-23.
[17]CHAUDHURI S. Assessing vulnerability to poverty:concepts, empirical methods and illustrative examples[M].New York:Columbia University, 2003:2-3.
[18]AMEMIYA T. The maximum likelihood estimator and the non-linear three stage least squares estimator in the general non-linear simultaneous equation model[J]. Econometrica,1977, 45(4):995-968.
[19]SHORROCKS A F. Aggregation Issues in Inequality Measurement[M]//EICHHORN W. Measurement in Economics. Physica, Heidelberg, 1988:429-451.
[20]王琳.家庭适度规模经营的农业现代化实现机理——基于苏南J村的经验考察[J].中共福建省委党校学报,2019(1):93-101.