解构当代媒介体育赛事的权力迷思:基于约翰·费斯克的视角
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摘要
基于约翰·费斯克的媒介体育思想,梳理当代媒介体育赛事发展演进过程。发现:当代媒介体育赛事正发生部分权力位移——新媒体时代的媒介体育赛事提供的多视角选择、多解说选择和多重伴随文本带来了权力重置;当代媒介体育赛事对体育赛事的畸形解读呈现多种权力误置的现象;媒介体育赛事的权力跨层导致受众的快乐源自于叙述层提供的认知差;不同阶层群体通过媒介体育赛事感知权力差异引发的权力置换。
The study explores the evolution of contemporary media sport event.It could be seen that contemporary media sport events had been powerfully altered somewhat through reorganizing John Fiske's media sport theories.Multi-angled options,multiple sports commentaries choices and multiple accompanying text provided by media sports events in new media times brings about power resetting.Power false setting of contemporary media sports events were represented through the misreading to sports events.Power trans-boundary to media sports events led to the result that the audience's joy originated from the recognition gap.People from different class perceive power differences trough media sports events.These power mythologies of contemporary media sports events,could be clearly emerged through Fiske's theoretical system.
The study explores the evolution of contemporary media sport event.It could be seen that contemporary media sport events had been powerfully altered somewhat through reorganizing John Fiske's media sport theories.Multi-angled options,multiple sports commentaries choices and multiple accompanying text provided by media sports events in new media times brings about power resetting.Power false setting of contemporary media sports events were represented through the misreading to sports events.Power trans-boundary to media sports events led to the result that the audience's joy originated from the recognition gap.People from different class perceive power differences trough media sports events.These power mythologies of contemporary media sports events,could be clearly emerged through Fiske's theoretical system.
引文
[1] JOHN FISKE.Roland barthes and the hidden curriculum of ETV[J].Journal of Educational Television,1979,5(3):84-86
[2] JOHN FISKE.Semiological struggles[J].Annals of the International Communication Association,1991,14(1):33-39
[3] 费斯克.电视:多义性与大众性[M]//蒋宁平,译.张斌,蒋宁平.电视研究读本.上海:上海交通大学出版社,2014:392-407
[4] JOHN FISKE.The semiotics of television[J].Critical Studies in Mass Communication,1985,2(2):176-183
[5] JOHN FISKE.TV:re-situating the popular in the people[J].Continuum:Journal of Media & Cultural Studies,1988,1(2):56-66
[6] 费斯克.英国文化研究与电视[M]//艾伦.重组话语频道.麦永雄,柏敬泽,译.北京:中国社会科学出版社,2000:286-331
[7] 费斯克.电视文化[M].祁阿红,张鲲,译.北京:商务印书馆,2005
[8] 任文,魏伟.奇观体育与体育奇观:罗兰·巴尔特的符号学体育赛事观[J].体育科学,2011,31(11):85-93
[9] 魏伟.体育解说论[M].北京:中国广播电视出版社,2013:227-229
[10] 费斯克.传播研究导论:过程与符号[M].许静,译.北京:北京大学出版社,2008:119
[11] GARRY WHANNEL.Fields in vision:television sport and cultural transformation[M].London:Routledge,1992
[12] RAYMOND WILLIAMS.电视:科技与文化形式[M].冯建三,译.台北:远流出版公司,1992:88
[13] 魏伟.伦敦奥运会会徽的符号传播研究[J].北京体育大学学报,2013,36(10):27-32
[14] 魏伟.体育解说的符号学审视[J].青年记者,2014(9):31-32
[15] JOHN FISKE,JOHN HARTLEY.解读电视[M].郑明椿,译.台北:远流出版公司,1993
[16] THEODOR ADORNO,J.M.BERNSTEIN.The culture industry:Selected essays on mass culture[M].London:Routledge,2005:89
[17] UMBERTO ECO.Towards a semiotic inquiry into the television message[C]//Toby Miller.Critical Concepts in Media and Cultural Studies.London:Routeledge,2003:5
[18] 韦伯.社会科学方法论:修订译本[M].韩水法,莫茜,译.北京:商务印书馆,2013:45
[19] 霍尔.编码,解码[M]//王广州,译.罗钢,刘象愚.文化研究读本.北京:中国社会科学出版社,2000:345-358
[20] ANDREW CRISELL.A study of modern television:Thinking inside the box[M].Hampshire:Palgrave Macmillan,2006:108
[21] JOHN FISKE.Cricket/T.V./Culture[J].Metro Magazine:Media & Education Magazine,1983,(62):21
[22] ANDREW BILLINGS.Communicating about sports media:Culture collide[M].Barcelona:Aresta,2009:20
[23] MICHAEL REAL.Theorizing the sports-television dream marriage:why sports fit television so well[C]//ANDREW BILLINGS.Sports media:transformation,integration,consumption.New York:Routledge,2011:25-26
[24] 巴尔特.作者之死[M]//林泰,译.赵毅衡.符号学文学论文集.天津:百花文艺出版社,2004:505-512
[25] 克里斯蒂娃.主体·互文·精神分析:克里斯蒂娃复旦大学演讲集[M].祝克懿,黄蓓,译.北京:生活·读书·新知三联书店,2016:3
[26] MARGARET MORSE.Sport on television:replay and display[C]//TOBY MILLER.Television:critical concepts in media and cultural studies Vol.2.London:Routledge,2003:376-398
[27] PREBEN RAUNSBJERG.TV sport and aesthetics:The mediated event[C]//GUNHILD AGGER,JENS HENSEN.The aesthetics of television.Aalborg:Aalborg University Press,2001:212
[28] 魏伟.解读神话:南非世界杯电视转播的符号学研究[J].中国体育科技,2011,47(2):47-51
[29] 福柯.规训与惩罚监狱的诞生[M].刘北成,杨远要,译.北京:三联书店,1999:226
[30] GREG SIEGEL.Double Vvision:large-screen video display and live sports spectacle[C]//HORACE NEWCOMB.Television:the critical view,7th edition.New York:Oxford University Press,2007:185-206
[31] 魏伟.体育赛事电视转播的受众收视动机分析[J].北京体育大学学报,2011,34(5):26-29
[32] JOHN FISKE.Popular narrative and commercial television[J].Camera Obscura,1990,8(2):142
[33] JOHN FISKE.Popularity and ideology:a structuralist reading of Dr.Who[C]// WILLARD ROWLAND JR,BRUCE WATKINS.Interpreting television:current research perspectives.London:Sage Publications,1984:196
[34] 魏伟.2011年亚洲杯足球赛电视转播的图像叙述研究[J].电视研究,2011,18(4):62-64
[35] 魏伟.叙述公正与叙述惊喜:竞赛型演示叙述研究[J].符号与传媒,2015,5(1):91-103
[36] JOHN FISKE.Audiencing:A cultural studies approach to watching television[J].Poetics,1992,21(4):357
[37] 赵毅衡.认知差:解释的方向性[J].南京社会科学,2015(5):111-116
[38] JOHN FISKE.Moments of television:neither the text nor the audience[C]//ELLEN SEITER.Remote control:television,audience,and cultural power.London:Routledge,1989:72
[39] JOHN FISKE,ROBERT DAWSON.Audiencing violence:watching homelss men watch die hard[C]//JAMES HAY.The audience and its landscape.Oxford:Westview Press,1996:297-316
[40] JOHN FISKE.Power plays,power works[M].London:Verson,1993
[2] JOHN FISKE.Semiological struggles[J].Annals of the International Communication Association,1991,14(1):33-39
[3] 费斯克.电视:多义性与大众性[M]//蒋宁平,译.张斌,蒋宁平.电视研究读本.上海:上海交通大学出版社,2014:392-407
[4] JOHN FISKE.The semiotics of television[J].Critical Studies in Mass Communication,1985,2(2):176-183
[5] JOHN FISKE.TV:re-situating the popular in the people[J].Continuum:Journal of Media & Cultural Studies,1988,1(2):56-66
[6] 费斯克.英国文化研究与电视[M]//艾伦.重组话语频道.麦永雄,柏敬泽,译.北京:中国社会科学出版社,2000:286-331
[7] 费斯克.电视文化[M].祁阿红,张鲲,译.北京:商务印书馆,2005
[8] 任文,魏伟.奇观体育与体育奇观:罗兰·巴尔特的符号学体育赛事观[J].体育科学,2011,31(11):85-93
[9] 魏伟.体育解说论[M].北京:中国广播电视出版社,2013:227-229
[10] 费斯克.传播研究导论:过程与符号[M].许静,译.北京:北京大学出版社,2008:119
[11] GARRY WHANNEL.Fields in vision:television sport and cultural transformation[M].London:Routledge,1992
[12] RAYMOND WILLIAMS.电视:科技与文化形式[M].冯建三,译.台北:远流出版公司,1992:88
[13] 魏伟.伦敦奥运会会徽的符号传播研究[J].北京体育大学学报,2013,36(10):27-32
[14] 魏伟.体育解说的符号学审视[J].青年记者,2014(9):31-32
[15] JOHN FISKE,JOHN HARTLEY.解读电视[M].郑明椿,译.台北:远流出版公司,1993
[16] THEODOR ADORNO,J.M.BERNSTEIN.The culture industry:Selected essays on mass culture[M].London:Routledge,2005:89
[17] UMBERTO ECO.Towards a semiotic inquiry into the television message[C]//Toby Miller.Critical Concepts in Media and Cultural Studies.London:Routeledge,2003:5
[18] 韦伯.社会科学方法论:修订译本[M].韩水法,莫茜,译.北京:商务印书馆,2013:45
[19] 霍尔.编码,解码[M]//王广州,译.罗钢,刘象愚.文化研究读本.北京:中国社会科学出版社,2000:345-358
[20] ANDREW CRISELL.A study of modern television:Thinking inside the box[M].Hampshire:Palgrave Macmillan,2006:108
[21] JOHN FISKE.Cricket/T.V./Culture[J].Metro Magazine:Media & Education Magazine,1983,(62):21
[22] ANDREW BILLINGS.Communicating about sports media:Culture collide[M].Barcelona:Aresta,2009:20
[23] MICHAEL REAL.Theorizing the sports-television dream marriage:why sports fit television so well[C]//ANDREW BILLINGS.Sports media:transformation,integration,consumption.New York:Routledge,2011:25-26
[24] 巴尔特.作者之死[M]//林泰,译.赵毅衡.符号学文学论文集.天津:百花文艺出版社,2004:505-512
[25] 克里斯蒂娃.主体·互文·精神分析:克里斯蒂娃复旦大学演讲集[M].祝克懿,黄蓓,译.北京:生活·读书·新知三联书店,2016:3
[26] MARGARET MORSE.Sport on television:replay and display[C]//TOBY MILLER.Television:critical concepts in media and cultural studies Vol.2.London:Routledge,2003:376-398
[27] PREBEN RAUNSBJERG.TV sport and aesthetics:The mediated event[C]//GUNHILD AGGER,JENS HENSEN.The aesthetics of television.Aalborg:Aalborg University Press,2001:212
[28] 魏伟.解读神话:南非世界杯电视转播的符号学研究[J].中国体育科技,2011,47(2):47-51
[29] 福柯.规训与惩罚监狱的诞生[M].刘北成,杨远要,译.北京:三联书店,1999:226
[30] GREG SIEGEL.Double Vvision:large-screen video display and live sports spectacle[C]//HORACE NEWCOMB.Television:the critical view,7th edition.New York:Oxford University Press,2007:185-206
[31] 魏伟.体育赛事电视转播的受众收视动机分析[J].北京体育大学学报,2011,34(5):26-29
[32] JOHN FISKE.Popular narrative and commercial television[J].Camera Obscura,1990,8(2):142
[33] JOHN FISKE.Popularity and ideology:a structuralist reading of Dr.Who[C]// WILLARD ROWLAND JR,BRUCE WATKINS.Interpreting television:current research perspectives.London:Sage Publications,1984:196
[34] 魏伟.2011年亚洲杯足球赛电视转播的图像叙述研究[J].电视研究,2011,18(4):62-64
[35] 魏伟.叙述公正与叙述惊喜:竞赛型演示叙述研究[J].符号与传媒,2015,5(1):91-103
[36] JOHN FISKE.Audiencing:A cultural studies approach to watching television[J].Poetics,1992,21(4):357
[37] 赵毅衡.认知差:解释的方向性[J].南京社会科学,2015(5):111-116
[38] JOHN FISKE.Moments of television:neither the text nor the audience[C]//ELLEN SEITER.Remote control:television,audience,and cultural power.London:Routledge,1989:72
[39] JOHN FISKE,ROBERT DAWSON.Audiencing violence:watching homelss men watch die hard[C]//JAMES HAY.The audience and its landscape.Oxford:Westview Press,1996:297-316
[40] JOHN FISKE.Power plays,power works[M].London:Verson,1993